Chip breaking studies I : design and performance of ground chip breakers

"February 22, 1955."Balanced design will fit the chip breaker to the job, from American Machinist (April 26, 1954, pp. 117-124, Special Report: No. 360) -- How to select chip breakers I, II, III, from American Machinist (May 10, 1954, pp. 179, 181, 183, Reference Book Sheets) -- Chip breaking--a study of three-dimensional chip flow, from paper No. 53-5-9, presented at the ASME Spring Meeting, Columbus, Ohio (April 28-30, 1953) -- Economical chip breakers for machining steel, from Technical Aids for Small Business (May 1954, pp. 1-8)

Financial Feasibility of LEED Certified Buildings for Developers and Investors

This is a case study on a small to mid-size private equity firm that deals with real estate development as well as investment to find out the financial feasibility of LEED certified buildings in today’s building climate. Interviews with two investment analysts at this firm who are versed in LEED certification about how it is looked at in their company as well as the broader industry will give insights into the feasibility of developing or investing in environmentally friendly buildings. This impacts the real estate and construction industries due to the fact that developers and investors are often times a large part of the clientele for contractors. This paper will look to industry professionals to find out some of the conditions that are needed in order to make capital investments in LEED buildings, such as geographic location, tenant motivation, and large institutional sized products. The findings of this study were that for medium to small sized investors and developers focused on maximizing rate of return through short hold periods, there are little incentives to invest in LEED certified buildings, however the analysts acknowledge that there are benefits and could be effectively implemented in long term hold approaches or for very large institutional investments

Trade, Manufacture, Dismantling and Reassembling? Metal Processing and Eastern Ornaments at Brodtkorbneset and Steintjørna

This article takes as its starting point artefacts recovered from excavations at Brodtkorbneset and Steintjørna, or rather a focus on selected categories of artefacts retrieved from these sites. These categories are artefacts related to iron processing, imported iron tools and cut pieces of copper alloy implements and ornaments. The artefacts are discussed in the light of the North Fennoscandian context. As all categories were brought to the sites over long distances, and the likely routes of traded iron, copper alloy vessels, cauldrons and kettles seem to have been through the interior of Finland, these objects were most likely part of Trans-Bothnian trade networks. The eastern ornaments seem to be connected with a mainly Novgorodian fur-trade network, with Karelian traders acting as intermediaries. The involvement of Karelians could have meant an extension of the inland trade routes, possibly including the western White Sea area and alternative routes of a south-eastern – south-western direction. It is argued that the advantage of the Gulf of Bothnia was its central position as a transit area for long-distance trade and the distribution of objects to the upper Pasvik area in theearly Iron Age/Early Middle Ages. The discussion therefore ends with a comparison of the models of trading networks and communities proposed for the area, and the context ofhearth-row sites excavated in upper Pasvik (Fig 1)

Optimal portfolios through Bellman numerics

A numerical strategy for solving low-dimensional Bellman equations through the traditional backwards recursion is formulated. A simple error analysis suggests that the approach handles many multi-period portfolio selection problems, and a number of examples confirm this experimentally. Minimum downside risk procedures are studied and it is demonstrated how multi-period efficient frontiers can be calculated for such criteria. A closing example examines the impact of heavy-tailed distributions on optimal, multi-period risk

Birth and destruction of collective oscillations in a network of two populations of coupled type 1 neurons

We study the macroscopic dynamics of large networks of excitable type 1 neurons composed of two populations interacting with disparate but symmetric intra- and inter-population coupling strengths. This nonuniform coupling scheme facilitates symmetric equilibria, where both populations display identical firing activity, characterized by either quiescent or spiking behavior, or asymmetric equilibria, where the firing activity of one population exhibits quiescent but the other exhibits spiking behavior. Oscillations in the firing rate are possible if neurons emit pulses with non-zero width but are otherwise quenched. Here, we explore how collective oscillations emerge for two statistically identical neuron populations in the limit of an infinite number of neurons. A detailed analysis reveals how collective oscillations are born and destroyed in various bifurcation scenarios and how they are organized around higher codimension bifurcation points. Since both symmetric and asymmetric equilibria display bistable behavior, a large configuration space with steady and oscillatory behavior is available. Switching between configurations of neural activity is relevant in functional processes such as working memory and the onset of collective oscillations in motor control

A Scandinavian audit of hospitalizations for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

SummaryIn Scandinavia no large audits of hospitalizations for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have been performed, and data on adherence to national guidelines are scarce. The aims of the present study were to audit hospitalizations for COPD exacerbations in three Scandinavian hospitals with respect to incidence, patient population and standards of hospital care.Retrospectively all hospitalizations in the Departments of Internal and Respiratory Medicine in Östersund Hospital (Sweden), Aalesund Hospital (Norway) and Trondheim University Hospital (Norway) from Jan 1 to Dec 31, 2005, with discharge ICD-10 diagnoses J43–J44, J96 + J44 or J13-18 + j44 were registered. A total of 1144 admissions (731 patients) were identified from patient administrative systems and medical charts.Among the admitted patients 27% were >80 years old, >50% had COPD stage III or IV, and 14% had respiratory acidosis at admittance. Patients with 3 or more admissions (13%) during 2005 accounted for 36% of all hospitalizations. One third of the patients were current smokers. Non-invasive ventilation was used in 14% of the admissions, with large variation between centres. In-hospital mortality was 3.7%.In this first large Scandinavian audit of COPD-hospitalizations, all centres had low in-hospital mortality. We consider this as an indication of good clinical practice in the three studied centres and possibly due to the frequent use of non-invasive ventilation

Faglig program 2020 - 2025. Arkeologiske undersøkelser. Norges arktiske universitetsmuseum

Source at https://uit.no/Content/665361/cache=20200302150033/Faglig%20program_endelig%20240120.pdf. Home page for Tromsø Museums Rapportserie: https://uit.no/tmu/art?p_document_id=546084.Dette er det andre Faglige programmet utarbeidet av Norges arktiske universitetsmuseum. Et av de viktigste formålene med programmet er å oppsummere kunnskapsstatus for derigjennom å identifisere kunnskapshull. Dette er avgjørende for å kunne skape et grunnlag for å kunne gjøre prioriteringer og å utforme faglige strategier for forvaltningsarkeologien. Dette programmet skiller seg nokså mye fra det første (Faglig program for Tromsø Museum – Universitetsmuseet 2010 – 2012), og den viktigste endringen er en forskyvning fra geografisk og kronologisk avgrensede satsinger til et fokus på tematiske satsinger. Hva og hvor i forvaltningsarkeologien styres hovedsak av samfunnsutviklingen og vi kan i liten grad velge hvor vi vil gjennomføre utgravninger. Det er vår tro at en slik endring vil gjøre dette andre faglige programmet til et bedre arbeidsredskap