The impact of direct and indirect bullying on the mental and physical health of Italian youngsters.

The aim of the present study was to determine the extent to which direct and indirect bullying and victimization at school affects the mental and physical health of 661 Italian boys and girls, aged 11 to 15 years old. The impact of bullying and victimization is assessed by taking into account the relative buffering effect of a positive relationship with one or both parents. Internalizing symptoms such as withdrawn behaviors, somatic complaints, and anxiety and depression, measured with the self-administered Youth Form of the Achenbach's Child Behavioral Checklist, are indicators of maladjustment. Multiple regression analyses revealed that being a girl is a strong significant risk factor for all internalizing symptoms. Being a victim of indirect bullying is the strongest predictor of withdrawn behaviors, somatic complaints, and anxiety/depression, independent of direct victimization, which significantly predicts somatic complaints, anxiety, and depression, but not withdrawn behaviors. Bullying others directly by hitting, threatening, or calling names is not a significant predictor the poor mental and somatic health of youngsters, whereas indirect bullying (spreading rumors or not talking to someone on purpose) does significantly predict anxiety and depression, as well as withdrawn behaviors. The negative impact of victimization and bullying is buffered by youngsters' positive relationship with one or both parents. Recommendations are provided with regard to possible intervention strategies underlying the importance of distinguishing between different forms of bullying and victimization and providing social support in each different case. © 2004 Wiley-Liss, Inc

Bethel Weed & Seed Initiative Year 3 Evaluation

217 pagesIn February 2001, the City of Eugene and community members throughout the Bethel neighborhood kicked off the Bethel Weed and Seed Initiative. Weed and Seed is a strategy that aims to prevent, control, and reduce violent crime, drug abuse and gang activity in a targeted high-crime area. The strategy combines four basic components: (1) law enforcement; (2) community policing; (3) prevention/intervention/treatment; and (4) neighborhood restoration. The program is managed by the U.S. Department of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, Executive Office for Weed and Seed.Bethel Weed and Seed Initiativ

Public Library Directors: Hierarchical Roles and Proximity to Power

published or submitted for publicatio

The Developing Patterns of Main Library Organization

published or submitted for publicatio

[Round Rock street scene with snow & buggies]

black and white photograph of an early winter street scene in Round Rock in 1922; two horses are seen in the middle of the stree

[Round Rock Railroad Depot]

Black and white photograph shows snowed-in railroad depot in 1922 in Round Rock

An improved boundary condition for perforated wall windtunnel flows

SIGLEAvailable from British Library Document Supply Centre- DSC:D44531/83 / BLDSC - British Library Document Supply CentreGBUnited Kingdo

[Locomotive on bridge]

Black and white photograph shows a locomotive, a 4-4-0 coal burner, built in the late 1880s; the train is backing in from Georgetown; this train is on the track above the W.J. Walsh family; they are having a picnic on the rocky banks of Brushy Creek in Old Town Round Rock