Orbit and Optics Improvement by Evaluating the Nonlinear BPM Response in CESR

We present an improved system for orbit and betatron phase measurement utilizing nonlinear models of BPM pickup response. We first describe the calculation of the BPM pickup signals as nonlinear functions of beam position using Green's reciprocity theorem with a two-dimensional formalism. We then describe the incorporation of these calculations in our beam position measurements by inverting the nonlinear functions, giving us beam position as a function of the pickup signals, and how this is also used to improve our measurement of the betatron phase advance. Measurements are presented comparing this system with the linearized pickup response used historically at CESR.Comment: 7 pages, 11 figure

The Value of Business Plans for New Ventures: Company and Entrepreneur Outcomes

Writing business plans is often the first step for entrepreneurs in developing new venture ideas. Trade press publications support their value and include templates or even software for crafting the business plan. However, the academic literature supporting the value of a business plan is limited, particularly on how the plan directly affects entrepreneurs and their standard of living. This study polls a national cross section of owner/operators of small to mid-sized business start-ups in operation less than ten years to determine the value of the business plan for the business, its success and longevity, and even its value, separately, for the founding entrepreneur. Results indicate a relationship between the use of a business plan in start up and the age of the business, its financial success, strong company success, and the achievement of financial return goals. Findings support the link between a business plan and the achievement of an "excellent" overall organization

The Influences of Entrepreneurial Motivation and New Business Acquisition on Strategic Decision Making

Strategic management is the domain of upper-level corporate management. The ability to make corporate decisions based on the company's internal strengths and externalities in the macro-environment is a key duty of top management. In small businesses, the business owner or founder generally operates the business and is in a leadership role as the CEO. Are the strategic management and decision-making processes similar for small entrepreneurial businesses? Is the strategic or long-term decision making the same for all entrepreneurs who start their own companies? Does the involvement of top managers in entrepreneurial companies vary in their day-to-day versus their long-term decision making? Small businesses may be inherited from family, started from scratch by an entrepreneur, or purchased as an existing entity. Is the involvement by the small business owner in decision making influenced by the way the business was founded or acquired? The purpose of this exploratory paper is to investigate the decision-making tactics of the small business owner or entrepreneur and to determine the influence, if any, of the means of business acquisition. Discussion and ideas for further research are presented

The Effect of Entrepreneurial Marketing on Outcome Goals in SMEs

This study examines how entrepreneurial marketing dimensions (proactiveness, opportunity focused, leveraging, innovativeness, risk taking, value creation, and customer intensity) are related to qualitative and quantitative outcome measures for the SME and the entrepreneur (including company success, customer success, financial success, satisfaction with return goals, satisfaction with growth goals, excellence, and the entrepreneur’s standard of living). Using factor analysis, three success outcome variables (financial, customer, and strong company success) emerged together. A separate factor analysis identified satisfactory growth and return goals. Stepwise regression revealed entrepreneurial marketing impacts outcome variables, particularly value creation. Implications for entrepreneurs and areas for research are included

ER import of small human presecretory proteins: components and mechanisms

Protein transport into the mammalian endoplasmic reticulum (ER) used to be seen as strictly cotranslational, that is temporarily and mechanistically coupled to protein synthesis. In the course of the last decades, however, several classes of precursors of soluble and membrane proteins were found to be post-translationally imported into the ER, without any involvement of the ribosome. The first such class to be identified were the small presecretory proteins; tail-anchored membrane proteins followed next. In both classes, the inherent address tag is released from the translating ribosome before the initiation of ER import, as part of the fully synthesized precursor. In small presecretory proteins, the information for ER targeting and -translocation via the polypeptide-conducting Sec61-channel is encoded by a classical N-terminal signal peptide, which is released from the ribsosome before targeting due to the small size of the full-length precursor. Here, we discuss the current state of research on targeting and translocation of small presecretory proteins into the mammalian ER. In closing, we present a unifying hypothesis for ER protein translocation in terms of an energy diagram for Sec61-channel gating

Experimental Study of a Hot Structure for a Reentry Vehicle

A large structural model of a reentry vehicle has been built incorporating design concepts applicable to a radiation-cooled vehicle. Thermal-stress alleviating features of the model are discussed. Environmental tests on the model include approximately 100 cycles of loading at room temperature and 33 cycles of combined loading and-heating up to temperatures of 1,6000 F. Measured temperatures are shown for typical parts of the model. Comparisons are made between experimental and calculated deflections and strains. The structure successfully survived the heating and loading environments

Spatial distribution of clinical computer systems in primary care in England in 2016 and implications for primary care electronic medical record databases: a cross-sectional population study.

OBJECTIVES: UK primary care databases (PCDs) are used by researchers worldwide to inform clinical practice. These databases have been primarily tied to single clinical computer systems, but little is known about the adoption of these systems by primary care practices or their geographical representativeness. We explore the spatial distribution of clinical computing systems and discuss the implications for the longevity and regional representativeness of these resources. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SETTING: English primary care clinical computer systems. PARTICIPANTS: 7526 general practices in August 2016. METHODS: Spatial mapping of family practices in England in 2016 by clinical computer system at two geographical levels, the lower Clinical Commissioning Group (CCG, 209 units) and the higher National Health Service regions (14 units). Data for practices included numbers of doctors, nurses and patients, and area deprivation. RESULTS: Of 7526 practices, Egton Medical Information Systems (EMIS) was used in 4199 (56%), SystmOne in 2552 (34%) and Vision in 636 (9%). Great regional variability was observed for all systems, with EMIS having a stronger presence in the West of England, London and the South; SystmOne in the East and some regions in the South; and Vision in London, the South, Greater Manchester and Birmingham. CONCLUSIONS: PCDs based on single clinical computer systems are geographically clustered in England. For example, Clinical Practice Research Datalink and The Health Improvement Network, the most popular primary care databases in terms of research outputs, are based on the Vision clinical computer system, used by <10% of practices and heavily concentrated in three major conurbations and the South. Researchers need to be aware of the analytical challenges posed by clustering, and barriers to accessing alternative PCDs need to be removed

Supervision during resistance training: a comparison of trainer and trainee perceptions

Background: Resistance training has well-documented health benefits; however, participation and adherence remain overwhelmingly low. Supervision has been evidenced to improve adherence, and produce favourable adaptations compared to unsupervised resistance training. A recent exploratory systematic review and meta-analysis on supervision during resistance training noted a lack of clarity as to the purpose/intent of the supervisor within the body of literature.Methods: An online cross-sectional survey study was conducted in English and distributed primarily across social media platforms and through the authors’ personal and professional networks. The aim of the survey was to compare the perceptions of supervision between trainers and trainees. Secondary outcomes included exploratory analyses of the impact of training experience, sex of participant, and comparison based on supervision type.Results: 468 participants completed all elements of the survey (68% male, 32% female). Of which 236 were personal trainers/strength coaches, and 232 were trainees. In brief, descriptive data from the survey suggest that trainers perceived supervision as more important than trainees for the characteristics and variables measured. Females perceived supervision in resistance training as more important than males. Trainees who engage in supervised resistance training reported supervision to be more important compared to those training alone or with a training partner. Technical coaching was reported to be the most important characteristic of supervision. Finally, trainers and trainees engaging in supervised strength training reported lower injury rates compared to those strength training unsupervised or with a training partner. Qualitative data are presented regarding perceptions of how and why supervision should differ based on sex, age, and experience, as well as reporting injury experiences.Conclusion: Our data suggest that the perceived benefits of supervision vary based on population. We posit that the present data have implications for both trainers and trainees, which might serve to strengthen a relationship by aligning roles and realising goals in supervised resistance training. Further, this data might provide insight and prompt future research as to how to engage more people into resistance training

Нові інтелектуальні технології та методи оптимізації для дослідження складних систем

Protein transport into the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is essential for all eukaryotic cells and evolutionary related to protein transport into and across the cytoplasmic membrane of eubacteria and archaea. It is based on amino-terminal signal peptides in the precursor polypeptides plus various transport components in cytosol plus ER and can occur either cotranslationally or posttranslationally. The two mechanisms merge at the heterotrimeric Sec61 complex in the ER membrane, which forms an aqueous polypeptide-conducting channel. Since the mammalian ER is also the main intracellular calcium storage organelle, the Sec61 complex is tightly regulated in its dynamics between the open and closed conformations by various ligands, such as precursor polypeptides at the cytosolic face and the Hsp70-type molecular chaperone BiP at the ER lumenal face (Hsp, heat shock protein). Furthermore, BiP binding to the incoming precursor polypeptide contributes to unidirectionality and efficiency of transport. Recent insights into the structural dynamics of the Sec61 complex and related complexes in eubacteria and archaea have various mechanistic and functional implications