The self-stimulated capillary jet

Inspired by a Savart’s pioneering work, we study the self-stimulated dynamics of a capillary jet. The feedback loop is realised by extracting surface perturbations from a section of the jet itself via a laser–photodiode pair, whose amplified signal drives an electromechanical actuator which, in turn, produces pressure perturbations at the exit chamber. Under specific conditions, this loop establishes phase-locked stimulation regimes that overcome the otherwise random natural breakup. For each laser position along the jet, the gain of the amplifier acts as a selector across a discrete set of observable frequencies. The main observed features are explained by a linear theory which combines the transfer function of each stage in the loop. Our findings are relevant to continuous inkjet technologies for the production of equally sized droplets

Influencia del género en las formas de participación femenina en los proyectos productivos de Hueyapan, Morelos, México

In this article, we consider the relationship between productiveand cultural aspects within a framework of rural developmentwith gender perspective. The backdrop is the community ofHueyapan, Morelos, where the population speaks Nahuatl andpreserves its customs and traditions. The hypothesis was thatproductive projects in which women participate are influencedby gender roles in their success or failure. The methodology usedwas based on a qualitative approach and the techniques were:literature review, participative observation, semi-structuredinterviews, life histories and workshops. The conclusions indicatethat traditional gender stereotypes (in regards to division of labor,couple relationships and kinship relationships) influence women'sparticipation in projects. A successful experience in participationpositively influences the rearrangement of gender patterns, makingthem more flexible for women and men.En el presente trabajo se reflexiona sobre la relación entre losaspectos productivos y culturales, dentro del marco del desarrollorural con perspectiva de género. El escenario es la comunidadde Hueyapan, Morelos, su población habla nahuatl y conservasus costumbres y tradiciones. La hipótesis planteada es que losproyectos productivos en que participan las mujeres son influenciadosen su éxito o fracaso por los roles de género. La metodologíaempleada se basó en un enfoque cualitativo y las técnicasfueron: revisión bibliográfica, observación participante, entrevistasemi estructurada, historia de vida y talleres. Las conclusionesindican que los estereotipos tradicionales de género (relativosa la división del trabajo, las relaciones de pareja y las relacionesde parentesco) influyen en la participación de las mujeresen los proyectos. La experiencia exitosa de participación influyepositivamente en el reacomodo de los patrones de género haciéndolosmás flexibles para mujeres y hombres

Munigua, Spanien

Since more than 60 years the Madrid Department of the German Archaeological Institute has been conducting investigations at the Hispano-Roman municipium of Munigua. Current research focuses on a 3D-visualisation and reconstruction of the city. The project is accompanied by a thorough study of the function and use of the individual buildings in antiquity. During the campaigns of 2015 and 2016 the forum, the streets as well as the podium-temple of the city were analyzed. As a result, the voting process on the forum as well as the processional way through the city could be hypothetically reconstructed. A geophysical survey in the southern part of the city revealed the existence and structure of buildings

Greater male variability in daily energy expenditure develops through puberty

The authors also gratefully acknowledge funding from the Chinese Academy of Sciences (grant no. CAS153E11KYSB20190045) to J.R.S. and the US National Science Foundation (grant no. BCS-1824466) awarded to H.P. Acknowledgements Yvonne Schönbeck provided important information about morphometric measurements for Dutch children. A chat over dinner with Karsten Koehler, Eimear Dolan and Danny Longman brought up a number of thoughts that influenced this manuscript. The DLW database, which can be found at https://doublylabelled-waterdatabase.iaea.org/home, is hosted by the IAEA and generously supported by Taiyo Nippon Sanso and SERCON. We are grateful to the IAEA and these companies for their support and especially to Takashi Oono for his tremendous efforts at fundraising on our behalf.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Greater male variability in daily energy expenditure develops through puberty

There is considerably greater variation in metabolic rates between men than between women, in terms of basal, activity and total (daily) energy expenditure (EE). One possible explanation is that EE is associated with male sexual characteristics (which are known to vary more than other traits) such as musculature and athletic capacity. Such traits might be predicted to be most prominent during periods of adolescence and young adulthood, when sexual behaviour develops and peaks. We tested this hypothesis on a large dataset by comparing the amount of male variation and female variation in total EE, activity EE and basal EE, at different life stages, along with several morphological traits: height, fat free mass and fat mass. Total EE, and to some degree also activity EE, exhibit considerable greater male variation (GMV) in young adults, and then a decrease in the degree of GMV in progressively older individuals. Arguably, basal EE, and also morphometrics, do not exhibit this pattern. These findings suggest that single male sexual characteristics may not exhibit peak GMV in young adulthood, however total and perhaps also activity EE, associated with many morphological and physiological traits combined, do exhibit GMV most prominently during the reproductive life stages

Greater male variability in daily energy expenditure develops through puberty

There is considerably greater variation in metabolic rates between men than between women, in terms of basal, activity and total (daily) energy expenditure (EE). One possible explanation is that EE is associated with male sexual characteristics (which are known to vary more than other traits) such as musculature and athletic capacity. Such traits might be predicted to be most prominent during periods of adolescence and young adulthood, when sexual behaviour develops and peaks. We tested this hypothesis on a large dataset by comparing the amount of male variation and female variation in total EE, activity EE and basal EE, at different life stages, along with several morphological traits: height, fat free mass and fat mass. Total EE, and to some degree also activity EE, exhibit considerable greater male variation (GMV) in young adults, and then a decrease in the degree of GMV in progressively older individuals. Arguably, basal EE, and also morphometrics, do not exhibit this pattern. These findings suggest that single male sexual characteristics may not exhibit peak GMV in young adulthood, however total and perhaps also activity EE, associated with many morphological and physiological traits combined, do exhibit GMV most prominently during the reproductive life stages

Using complete genome comparisons to identify sequences whose presence accurately predicts clinically important phenotypes.

In clinical settings it is often important to know not just the identity of a microorganism, but also the danger posed by that particular strain. For instance, Escherichia coli can range from being a harmless commensal to being a very dangerous enterohemorrhagic (EHEC) strain. Determining pathogenic phenotypes can be both time consuming and expensive. Here we propose a simple, rapid, and inexpensive method of predicting pathogenic phenotypes on the basis of the presence or absence of short homologous DNA segments in an isolate. Our method compares completely sequenced genomes without the necessity of genome alignments in order to identify the presence or absence of the segments to produce an automatic alignment of the binary string that describes each genome. Analysis of the segment alignment allows identification of those segments whose presence strongly predicts a phenotype. Clinical application of the method requires nothing more that PCR amplification of each of the set of predictive segments. Here we apply the method to identifying EHEC strains of E. coli and to distinguishing E. coli from Shigella. We show in silico that with as few as 8 predictive sequences, if even three of those predictive sequences are amplified the probability of being EHEC or Shigella is >0.99. The method is thus very robust to the occasional amplification failure for spurious reasons. Experimentally, we apply the method to screening a set of 98 isolates to distinguishing E. coli from Shigella, and EHEC from non-EHEC E. coli strains and show that all isolates are correctly identified

Mortalidad materna en el Instituto Materno Infantil de Bogotá (1976-1980)

Maternal mortality as occured at the Instituto Materno Infantil during five years (1976-1980) was studied. The rate of birth mortality was 25.04 x 10.000. A decreasing tendency in mortality was found. The greatest number of deaths was due to direct causes (87.8%), among which,  infection due to provoked abortion, had the highest percentage (66.0%). It is proposed that indirect cause mortality could be reduced through timelyassistance. It is recommended that programs of sexual education, family planning and prenatal assistance be intensified

"La efectividad de diferentes medios de información en la promoción de asistencia a las demostraciones agrícolas celebradas en 1963 en los 5 centros regionales de investigación del INIA."

PonenciaLa investigación reportada en este trabajo tuvo como propósito hacer un registro de asistencia de los agricultores a los días de demostración organizados por los Centros Regionales de Investigación del INIA y confirmar la veracidad de la información transmitida por éstos con la presentada por el Censo Agrícola Ganadero y Ejidal del país. Concluye recomendando enfocar los programas de investigación agrícola hacia la resolución de los problemas que frenan la productividad de los grupos mayoritarios, para quienes la agricultura constituye su principal fuente de ingreso.9p

Minimum spanning tree based on complete genomes excluding plasmids.

<p>Pathogenicity phenotypes are indicated by colors. The pathogenicity of uncolored strains is not known. Full strain IDs and accession numbers of the genome sequence files are given in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0068901#pone.0068901.s003" target="_blank">Table S1</a>.</p