Quality of Life in Patients with Head and Neck Tumors

1. Souhrn Prevalence karcinomů hlavy a krku v posledních desetiletích stoupá, což znamená vážný sociální i medicínský problém. Práce je retrospektivním hodnocení kvality života po léčbě brachyterapií s vysokým dávkovým příkonem (HDR BRT) u pacientů s časnými nádory dutiny ústní. Kvalita života byla hodnocena u 14 pacientů léčených pooperační HDR brachyterapií pro časné nádory dutiny ústní (jazyk, spodina dutiny ústní) léčených na Klinice onkologie a radioterapie LF a FN Hradec Králové. Pro hodnocení byly použity dotazníky EORTC QLQ-C30 a EORTC QLQ-H&N35. Hodnocení bylo provedeno 12 měsíců po léčbě. Všichni pacienti podepsali před zařazením do studie informovaný souhlas. Dotazníky pacienti vyplňovali samostatně, bez asistence zdravotnického personálu. Celkový zdravotní stav podle EORTC QLQ-C30 byl hodnocen 70 body. Nejzávažnější symptomy byly únava, nespavost, ztráta chuti k jídlu, dušnost a finanční problémy. EORTC QLQ-H&N35 identifikoval jako hlavní problémy přibírání na váze, kašel, bolest, lepkavé sliny a problémy s jídlem ve společnosti. Naopak ztráta na váze, porucha řeči, otvírání úst, polykání a senzorické obtíže hrály nevýznamnou roli. HDR brachyterapie představuje efektivní metodu léčby časných nádorů dutiny ústní s uspokojivou kvalitou života. Bylo by prospěšné iniciovat prospektivní...2. Summary Quality of life in patients with head and neck tumors The prevalence of head and neck tumours constantly increasing in the last decades represents the serious medical and social problem. The retrospective assessment of the quality deals with the quality of life in patients with early stages of oral cavity tumours after the high dose rate brachytherapy treatment (HDR BRT). The quality of life has been evaluated in 14 patients treated at the Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, University Hospital Hradec Kralove for early onset of oral cavity tumour using the high dose rate brachytherapy treatment. The standardized EORTC QLQ- C30 and EORTC QLQ-H&N35 questionnaires have been used in this study. The evaluation of the questionnaires was performed 12 months after the treatment. General health status using the EORTC QLQ-C30 was scored with 70 points. The most severe reported symptoms were fatigue, insomnia, loss of appetite, dyspnoea and financial problems. The main problems being identified by EORTC QLQ-H&N35 were weight gain, cough, pain, sticky saliva and social eating. On the contrary weight loss, speech impairments, difficulties in mouth opening, swallowing and sensory problems were not considered as significant ones. The quality of life in individuals treated with the high dose rate...Department of DentistryStomatologická klinikaFaculty of Medicine in Hradec KrálovéLékařská fakulta v Hradci Králov

Competences of senior academics at the educational organization

The thesis deals with the definition of the term competence and competency model of a senior academic at a university. The term "competence" can be understood as a set of knowledge, skills, abilities, habits, attitudes and values of a given individual that enable him/her to perform "with competence" in some area of his/her activity. It is also possible to describe in this way the ability of a person to act correctly in a certain situation based on the use of their own resources (abilities, skills, knowledge, etc.). The definitions of competencies of staff working in educational institutions are important not only in the curriculum, where the individual in the educational field affects the personal development of individuals or groups, but also in terms of staff hierarchy, including the definition of responsibilities and competences. The thesis defines such terms as executive and university; this type of schools can be further divided into public, state and private universities. The diploma thesis analyzes the competences of senior academics at the university, deans of faculties and heads of departments/institutes, examined on a sample of public universities based in Prague. These competences are then compared with each other, it is a comparison of the competencies of the deans of the faculties and...Diplomová práce se zabývá vymezením pojmu kompetence a kompetenční model vedoucího akademického pracovníka na vysoké škole. Termín "kompetence" lze chápat jako soubor vědomostí, dovedností, schopností, návyků, postojů a hodnot daného jedince, které mu umožňují "kompetentní" (neboli způsobilý) výkon v některé z oblastí jeho činnosti. Dále lze takto označit schopnost člověka správně jednat v určité situaci na základě využití vlastních zdrojů (schopností, dovedností, vědomostí atd.). Definice kompetencí pracovníků působících ve vzdělávacích institucích jsou důležité nejen v oblasti kurikulární, kdy daný jedinec ve výchovně-vzdělávací oblasti ovlivňuje osobnostní rozvoj jednotlivců či skupiny, ale i z pohledu hierarchie pracovníků zahrnující vymezení odpovědností a pravomocí (kompetencí). Práce vymezuje pojmy jako vedoucí pracovník a vysoká škola, kdy tento typ škol můžeme dále rozdělit na veřejné, státní a soukromé vysoké školy. Diplomová práce analyzuje kompetence vedoucích akademických pracovníků vysokých škol, děkanů fakult a vedoucích kateder/ústavů, zkoumané na vzorku veřejných vysokých škol se sídlem v Praze. Tyto kompetence jsou následně komparovány mezi sebou, tedy jedná se o porovnání kompetencí děkanů fakult a příslušných vedoucích kateder/ústavů na dané fakultě. Ve výzkumné části jsou na...Katedra andragogiky a managementu vzděláváníFaculty of EducationPedagogická fakult

Potential Ecological Risk and Human Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metal Pollution in Industrial Affected Soils by Coal Mining and Metallurgy in Ostrava, Czech Republic

The purpose of this detailed research was to determine the actual status of heavy metal pollution of soils and an assessment of heavy metal pollution in a highly industrialized city, Ostrava, with a history of long-term impacts from the metallurgy industry and mining. The ecological risks to the area was subsequently also assessed. The heavy metals Cd, Hg, Cu, Mn, Pb, V, Zn, Cr and Fe were determined in top-soils (0–20 cm) using atomic absorption spectrometry (F AAS, GF AAS) from three areas with different anthropogenic loads. The obtained data expressed as mean metal concentrations were very varied among the sampled soils and values of all analyzed metal concentrations were higher than its background levels. To identify the ecological risk and assessment of soil pollution, various pollution indices were calculated, such as single pollution indices (Igeo, CF, EF, PI) and total complex indices (IPI, PLI, PINemerow, Cdeg, mCdeg, Er and PERI). The identification of pollution sources was assessed using Pearson’s correlation analysis and multivariate methods (HCA, PCA/FA). The obtained results confirmed three major groups of metals (Fe–Cr, Pb–Cu and Mn–V). A human health risk was identified in the case of Pb, Cd and Cr, and the HI value of V for children also exceede

The use of modified clay materials for the sorption of various industrial pollutants

The Authors dealt with the use of modified clay materials for the removal of dangerous industrial pollutants. Three modification methods (namely modification by Keggin’s polycation, modification by means of humic substances and pillarization at 450 °C) were applied for the creation of modified materials. Clay materials modified by humic substances were used for the sorption of Cr(VI) from aqueous medium in the form of dichromates. Other ways of modification and their combinations were used for the preparation of the sorbents of dangerous gaseous pollutants (toluene, xylene). It was discovered that some modified clay materials sorb the gaseous pollutants twice as much as common sorbent (activated carbon)

Geostatistical and geospatial assessment of soil pollution with heavy metals in Pavlograd city (Ukraine)

This paper presents the result of studies of the geostatistical and geospatial assessment heavy metal pollution in soils caused by various technogenic sources to assess the environmental impact of industrial agglomeration activitiy in the Pavlograd city. The main sources of technogenic pollution in the Pavlograd city and suburban areas are industrial enterprises, coal-fired plants, mine dumps and other. The vast number of analyzed soil samples with weakly acidic pH values from 6.3 to 6.8 is characterized as loam (63 %), the rest are sand (33 %) and clay soils (4 %). The correlation matrix of metals data indicates positive correlation with correlation coefficient r 2 > 0.5 among texture – Ni (0.705) and Pb – Zn (0.695) within the Pavlograd city area. In the case of Cu (2.73) and Cd (4.27), the geoaccumulation index indicated “moderately to strongly” and “strongly to extremely” polluted soils accordingly. Means of pollution index (PI) for heavy metals were between uncontaminated ( PI ≤ 1) and of moderate contaminated soils ( PI ≥ 1).The results of this study show that industrial enterprises’ activities lead to heavy metal contamination in the topsoil of the studied sites and close to the background values. Similar properties were confirmed by principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis. The PCA and cluster analysis results indicate that Cd, Ni, Pb, Cu, Zn and Mn in topsoil were affected by the technogenic activity. The spatial distribution characteristics of Cu, Pb, Cd and Zn in the geochemical maps are also similar. Highlighted are some of the halos in Pavlograd of high density of total soil contamination with heavy metals. The metals come from anthropogenic sources, mainly produced with four industrial enterprises in Pavlograd city. Mostly they are concentrated in the Southeast and West of the city and suburban areas of the Pavlograd district. Therefore, it is necessary arrangements to predict of the development of ecologically dangerous state of environmental pollution within the area of industrial enterprises of city

Agroforestry in the Czech Republic: what hampers the comeback of a once traditional land use system?

The interest in re-implementing agroforestry (AF) in European agriculture due to its environmental benefits has been growing exponentially. We reviewed the historical background and the current state (extent, farmers’ perception, legislative support, and barriers) to evaluate the future perspectives of AF in Czechia by identifying the key factors hampering further extension. Our results confirmed that AF almost disappeared after the middle of the 19th century due to agricultural intensification and collectivization. Currently, AF is not defined in the Czech legislation and no modern AF has been encountered by this study. Areas falling into AF definition recently comprise only traditional AF (less than 1% of agricultural area remaining) represented only by silvopastoral AF. The results of a farmers’ survey indicated that despite relatively high interest in AF, excessive bureaucratization, high costs of establishment and uncertain profitability are severe concerns among farmers. We therefore conclude that there is a lack of legal recognition and marginalization of AF as the key obstacles of low adoption rates. We suggest that systematic support beyond subsidies should include raising awareness, research, policy, legislation changes, training, and advisory service, as a cornerstone for progressive development of AF and thus conservation and creation of economically and environmentally sound landscapes throughout Czechia

Tender for the academic staff at the university

The bachelor thesis deals with the description of the selection process for an academic at the university. In the theoretical part, the reader will familiarize with the personnel activities in the organization, including the recruitment of job seekers, pre-selection and selection of workers. This part of the thesis describes the methods of employee selection and the stage of the personnel selection process. The work also defines a college (university) and specifies an academic worker - a college worker. The research part of the thesis focuses on a detailed assessment of the selection process for university graduates. The research was carried out on a sample of public universities in the Czech Republic. Interviews were held with the staff responsible for the selection process at universities (Personnel Department staff). Further knowledge on this issue was gained through direct participation in the selection process for academic staff taking place at some universities. Part of the thesis is an analysis of documents related to the selection process, among which are the CVs of applicants for work, mentioning the applicant's current practice, together with copies of the documents on completed education, applications for tenders, a summary of the publication activity and the rules of the selection..

Competences of senior academics at the educational organization

The thesis deals with the definition of the term competence and competency model of a senior academic at a university. The term "competence" can be understood as a set of knowledge, skills, abilities, habits, attitudes and values of a given individual that enable him/her to perform "with competence" in some area of his/her activity. It is also possible to describe in this way the ability of a person to act correctly in a certain situation based on the use of their own resources (abilities, skills, knowledge, etc.). The definitions of competencies of staff working in educational institutions are important not only in the curriculum, where the individual in the educational field affects the personal development of individuals or groups, but also in terms of staff hierarchy, including the definition of responsibilities and competences. The thesis defines such terms as executive and university; this type of schools can be further divided into public, state and private universities. The diploma thesis analyzes the competences of senior academics at the university, deans of faculties and heads of departments/institutes, examined on a sample of public universities based in Prague. These competences are then compared with each other, it is a comparison of the competencies of the deans of the faculties and..

Quality of Life in Patients with Head and Neck Tumors

2. Summary Quality of life in patients with head and neck tumors The prevalence of head and neck tumours constantly increasing in the last decades represents the serious medical and social problem. The retrospective assessment of the quality deals with the quality of life in patients with early stages of oral cavity tumours after the high dose rate brachytherapy treatment (HDR BRT). The quality of life has been evaluated in 14 patients treated at the Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, University Hospital Hradec Kralove for early onset of oral cavity tumour using the high dose rate brachytherapy treatment. The standardized EORTC QLQ- C30 and EORTC QLQ-H&N35 questionnaires have been used in this study. The evaluation of the questionnaires was performed 12 months after the treatment. General health status using the EORTC QLQ-C30 was scored with 70 points. The most severe reported symptoms were fatigue, insomnia, loss of appetite, dyspnoea and financial problems. The main problems being identified by EORTC QLQ-H&N35 were weight gain, cough, pain, sticky saliva and social eating. On the contrary weight loss, speech impairments, difficulties in mouth opening, swallowing and sensory problems were not considered as significant ones. The quality of life in individuals treated with the high dose rate..