Trap histories for Caconemobius on the Big Island of Hawai’i, 2019

Trap histories for Caconemobius on the Big Island of Hawai’i, 2019. Data accompanies Heinen-Kay et al. (2021), which details the sampling design. Each line represents a single trap that was open for 1 to 5 nights, beginning on the date given. “1” represents a trap-night on which a Caconemobius was captured, “0” a trap-night on which one was not. Sampling sites were distributed among three regions: C. anahulu was present in Kona, C. fori was present in HVNP, and C. fori was expected to be present in Puna. Heinen-Kay, J.L., J.T. Rotenberry, A.D. Kay, and M. Zuk. 2021. Lava crickets (Caconemobius spp.) on Hawai´i Island: colonizers or persisters in extreme habitats? Ecological Entomology (in press)

Data from: Predation-associated divergence of male genital morphology in a livebearing fish

Male genital morphology is remarkably diverse across internally fertilizing animals, a phenomenon largely attributed to sexual selection. Ecological differences across environments can alter the context of sexual selection, yet little research has addressed how this may influence the rapid, divergent evolution of male genitalia. Using the model system of Bahamas mosquitofish (Gambusia hubbsi) undergoing ecological speciation across blue holes, we used geometric morphometric methods to test (i) whether male genital shape (the small, approximately 1 mm long, distal tip of the sperm-transfer organ, the gonopodium) has diverged between populations with and without predatory fish and (ii) whether any observed divergence has a genetic basis. We additionally examined the effects of genetic relatedness and employed model selection to investigate other environmental factors (i.e. interspecific competition, adult sex ratio and resource availability) that could potentially influence genital shape via changes in sexual selection. Predation regime comprised the most important factor associated with male genital divergence in this system, although sex ratio and some aspects of resource availability had suggestive effects. We found consistent, heritable differences in male genital morphology between predation regimes: Bahamas mosquitofish coexisting with predatory fish possessed more elongate genital tips with reduced soft tissue compared with counterparts inhabiting blue holes without predatory fish. We suggest this may reflect selection for greater efficiency of sperm transfer and fertilization during rapid and often forced copulations in high-predation populations or differences in sexual conflict between predation regimes. Our study highlights the potential importance of ecological variation, particularly predation risk, in indirectly generating genital diversity

Data for Silent Male Cricket Reproductive Success

Data for: Obligately silent males sire more offspring than singers in a rapidly evolving cricket populatio

Individual-level wild-caught fish morphometric data

Morphometric data for the wild-caught fish MANCOVA

Individual-level lab-reared fish morphometric data

Morphometric data for examination of genetic basis of population differences using a common-garden experiment

Site-level environmental and morphometric data

Data for the model selection analysis

Data for Heinen-Kay et al. Sexual signal loss and female reproduction

Data for (1) comparison of flatwing and normal-wing homozygous female reproductive tissue, (2) offspring production of flatwing and normal-wing females, and (3) reproductive tissue comparison between populations and acoustic treatment

Data from: Obligately silent males sire more offspring than singers in a rapidly evolving cricket population

How sexual traits are gained and lost in the wild remains an important question in evolutionary biology. Pacific field crickets (Teleogryllus oceanicus) in Hawaii provide an unprecedented opportunity to investigate the factors facilitating evolutionary loss of a sexual signal in real time. Natural selection from an acoustically-orienting parasitoid fly drove rapid evolution of a novel, silent male morph. While silent (flatwing) males enjoy protection from the fly, they face difficulty attracting mates. We tested how offspring production varies in association with three male attributes affected by the spread of flatwing: wing morph (flatwing or normal-wing), age (flatwings should survive longer than singers), and exposure to calling song during rearing (wild populations with many flatwings lack ambient calling song). Per mating event, flatwings sired more offspring than singers, and older males were mounted more quickly by females when presented with standard courtship song. Despite prior work showing that male age and acoustic experience influences sperm characteristics associated with fertilization, age and song exposure had no influence on male offspring production per mating. This represents the first evidence that the silent male morph possesses a reproductive advantage that may help compensate for precopulatory barriers to mate attraction