Damage intensity of gallic acid on prostatic cancer cells lineDu145 by alkaline electrophoresis

زمینه و هدف: سرطان پروستات شایع ترین سرطان در جامعه مردان است. عوامل بسیار زیادی منجر به بروز این بیماری می شود. در عین حال فاکتورهای متعددی به منظور پیشگیری و یا درمان این بیماری شناسایی شده اند. آنتی اکسیدان ها و مخصوصاً ترکیبات پلی فنلی مانند اسید گالیک دارای ظرفیت بالقوه ای از این ویژگی هستند. در این مطالعه با استفاده از تکنیک الکتروفورز قلیایی، اثر اسید گالیک را بر لاین سلول های سرطانی Du145 پروستات مورد مطالعه قرار دادیم. روش بررسی: در این مطالعه تجربی آزمایشگاهی، میزان زیست پذیری سلول های Du145 در مجاورت غلظت های مختلف گالیک اسید، به کمک روش رنگ سنجی تترازولیوم (MTT) اندازه گیری و غلظت مهارکنندگی 50 درصد رشد سلول‌ها (IC50) محاسبه شد. سه غلظت نزدیک به IC50 از داروی اسید گالیک برای 48 ساعت بر سلول های مذکور تیمار شد. پس از انجام الکتروفورز قلیایی تصاویر کامت های ایجاد شده با استفاده از نرم افزار CASP آنالیز شدند. یافته ها: با استفاده از آزمون MTT و بر اساس مدل پروبیت میزان IC50 اسید گالیک برای سلول های Du145 برابر 35 میکرومولار بدست آمد. در آزمون الکتروفورز قلیایی، برای سه غلظت 25،30 و 35 میکرومولار اسیدگالیک، نسبت طول کامت به قطر سلول به ترتیب برابر 1/3±6/7، 2/6±13/8 و 1/2±69/4 بود. نتیجه گیری: گالیک اسید به عنوان یک آنتی اکسیدان قدرتمند در غلظت های نزدیک به IC50 اثر مهاری شدیدی بر رشد سلول های سرطان پروستات (لاین Du145) داشته و با اثر تخریبی بر ژنوم این سلول ها می تواند آپوپتوز را در آنان القاء کند

A design technique for optimizing resonant coils and the energy transfer of inductive links.

Power transfer efficiency (PTE) is a key performance parameter in development work on resonant inductive power transfer (IPT) systems. Geometrically optimizing the transmitter (Tx) and receiver (Rx) coil pair is a way of improving the IPT system's efficiency. In this article, a new figure-of-merit (FoM) is proposed to find an optimum coil geometry which maximizes the PTE. The employed FoM parameter, called the 'strong coupling factor' (Pscf), is defined such that its value indicates how strongly the Tx and Rx coils are linked together. Considering the IPT application and its physical size constraints, a proper selection method for identifying the numerical value of Pscf is essential for optimal coil geometry design. This article presents an iterative algorithm to assist in the selection of the most favorable Pscf value which provides maximized PTE for the designed optimum coil geometry. Design examples of two nominal IPT systems at frequencies of 415 and 0.1 MHz are used to investigate the design algorithm. Theoretical calculations show the optimum geometry designed for the IPT system operating at 415 MHz, with coupling coefficient (K) of 0.2, can achieve maximum PTE of 85.70%. Measurements presented from a practical Tx/Rx coil pair in the IPT link operating at 0.1 MHz, with K=0.05, show a PTE of 83.10% against a calculated PTE of 84.11% validating the design process.This article is an expanded version from the IEEE Wireless Power Week, London, U.K., June 17–20, 2019

Improving the design approach to developing through-metal communications for use in subsea pipeline robots.

Vital inspection and repair operations on subsea pipelines usually involve pipe-bore robots, which must be controlled and monitored from outside the pipe. In many situations cables cannot be connected to the in-pipe robot and duplex wireless communication through pipe-wall is the only solution. Wireless power transmission (WPT) through pipe-wall has been considered to facilitate the required duplex communication. In WPT through subsea pipe-walls the conductive media (i.e.: stainless steel and seawater.) will significantly reduce the power transfer efficiency (PTE) of the system. This paper proposes a coil geometry optimisation methodology to boost PTE of these wireless communication systems. The proposed technique, in addition to increasing the PTE improves the overall system’s signal to noise ratio by reducing the coil antenna’s internal resistance

Maximising inductive power transmission using a novel analytical coil design approach.

Maximising power transfer efficiency (PTE) in resonant inductive power transfer (IPT) systems requires strong coupling between transmitter and receiver coils. In applications where system constraints yield a weak inductive link (e.g. significant distance between coils) or there is a requirement for a specific power level, then geometrically optimising the coils can enhance inductive linkage. To achieve this, a novel coil design method has been presented which provides maximum efficiency for both strongly- and loosely-coupled inductive links. A parameter (i.e. "Strong Coupling Factor") has been introduced to assist the design procedure. Discussing results from a practical 1.06 MHz inductive link - developed using the proposed design method - shows that, with proper selection of strong coupling factor (e.g. C=220), the designed coil geometry can provide maximum PTE of 86%. This is in close correlation (F ≈ 3%) with theoretical analysis using MATLAB

Protective effect of hydroethanolic extract of cress against hepatotoxicity due to acetaminophen in rats

Background and purpose: Acetaminophen is a routine analgesic and antipyretic agent that in overdose causes liver and kidney necrosis in both humans and animals. The cress (Lepidium sativum L.) contains flavonoid, alkaloid, and antioxidant components. In this study we investigated the hepatic protection of the hydroethanolic extract of cress against hepatotoxicity due to acetaminophen. Materials and methods: Forty-two rats were randomly divided into six groups. The first (control) and second (test without treatment) groups were administered the solvent of drug in the morning (08:00) and evening (16:00) on days 1 and 2 but, the third, fourth, and fifth groups received 200, 500, and 1000 mg/kg b.w of the extract of the cress, respectively. The sixth group (positive control) received 200 mg/kg b.w silymarin. Then all groups, except the control group, received 400 mg/kg acetaminophen per os on day 2 (10:00). After 24 hr, all blood samples were collected for determination of GOT (glutamicoxaloacetic transaminase), GPT (glutamic- pyruvic transaminase), ALP (alkaline phosphatase), malondialdehyde (MDA), and serum antioxidant capacity. Also, a piece of liver was used for determining catalase activity and histopathological studies. For statistical analysis of the data, group means were analyzed with one way ANOVA followed by Tukey's test for multiple comparisons. Results: Serum GOT, GPT, ALP, and MDA reduced significantly (P< 0.001) in the treated groups with the extract of cress compared to acetaminophen group without treatment. The reduction of GPT and ALP were dose dependent. The serum antioxidant capacity and liver catalase in treated groups with the extract of the cress and silymarin treated group elevated significantly (P< 0.001) compared to the acetaminophen group without treatment. The liver histopathology in rats treated with the extract of cress showed a remarkable reduction of lymphocyte infiltration compared with rats without treatment (group two). Conclusion: These results demonstrate that the extract of the cress have protection effect against hepatotoxicity due to acetaminophen

The effect of carvacrol on the growth inhibition and genomic destruction in prostatic cancer cells using comet assay technique

زمینه و هدف: امروزه، سرطان ها یکی از بزرگترین نگرانی های جوامع بشری است. ترکیبات پلی فنلی و آنتی اکسیدان ها به عنوان یک فاکتور مهم و کلیدی در پیشگیری و یا درمان انواع سرطان ها به خوبی معرفی شده اند. این تحقیق با هدف بررسی اثر کارواکرول به عنوان یک ماده آنتی اکسیدانی قوی بر مهار رشد و میزان تخریب ژنوم رده سلول سرطانی PC3 پروستات انجام شده است. روش بررسی: در این مطالعه تجربی آزمایشگاهی، سلول های سرطانی PC3 پروستات با غلظت های مختلف کارواکرول تیمار و درصد زیست پذیری سلول ها به کمک روش رنگ سنجی تترازولیوم (MTT) اندازه گیری و سپس غلظت مهارکنندگی 50 درصد رشد سلول‌ها (IC50) محاسبه شد.در قدم بعدی، الکتروفورز قلیایی با توجه به IC50 برای سه غلظت 130، 230 و 360 میکرومولار از کارواکرول انجام و 100 عدد تصویر کامت های ایجاد شده با استفاده از نرم افزار CASP آنالیز گردید. یافته ها: بر اساس مدل پروبیت میزان IC50 کارواکرول برای سلول های PC3 360 میکرومولار بدست آمد. در آزمون الکتروفورز قلیایی، نسبت طول کامت به قطر سلول در غلظت های 130، 230 و 360 میکرومولار به ترتیب برابر 2/1±15/9، 4/2±38/7 و 2/0±65/3 درصد مشاهده شد. نتیجه گیری: کارواکرول به عنوان یک ترکیب پلی فنلی موثر در درمان سرطان ها به طور بالقوه ای می تواند ژنوم سلول های PC3 مشتق از سرطان پروستات را تخریب کند. تخریب ژنوم سلول های PC3 در غلظت های نزدیک به IC50 بسیار محسوس تر است

Modelling Clock Synchronization in the Chess gMAC WSN Protocol

We present a detailled timed automata model of the clock synchronization algorithm that is currently being used in a wireless sensor network (WSN) that has been developed by the Dutch company Chess. Using the Uppaal model checker, we establish that in certain cases a static, fully synchronized network may eventually become unsynchronized if the current algorithm is used, even in a setting with infinitesimal clock drifts

Optimal coil design for maximum power transfer efficiency in resonantly coupled systems.

Maintaining maximum power transfer efficiency (PTE) is one of the main challenges in resonant inductive power transfer (IPT) systems. Maximum PTE can be achieved if the coupling between transmitter and receiver coils is strong. One way of achieving this is to geometrically optimise a coil by employing small ohmic resistance combined with high self-inductance. In this paper a design method for an optimum coil geometry which offers maximum PTE has been introduced. The proposed technique, in addition to minimising the system's physical size, provides high level of PTE for both strongly- and loosely-coupled links. A design example for a typical IPT system is presented that shows, with a proper selection of strong coupling factor (e.g.: C = 220.), the designed coil geometry can provide maximum PTE of 95.4% for coupling coefficient K = 1. Also, for a loose inductive link with K = 0.215, maximum calculated and measured PTE values are 89% and 86%, respectively