Pengaruh Percampuran Air Terhadap Oksigen Terlarut Di Sekitar Karamba Jaring Apung, Waduk Cirata, Purwakarta, Jawa Barat

Penelitian dilakukan di sekitar keramba apung Waduk Cirata (KJA), Purwakarta, Jawa Barat. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui fluktuasi ketersediaan oksigen terlarut dalam perairan, melalui percampuran massa air yang diambil dari beberapa kedalaman. Konsentrasi DO di lokasi KJA di Waduk Cirata menurun seiring bertambahnya kedalaman dengan kisaran rata-rata adalah 0,3 - 0,5 mg/l (lapisan dasar) hingga 8,0 - 8,4 mg/l (permukaan). Distribusi vertikal oksigen terlarut menggambarkan tipe perairan clinograde. Kedalaman zona eufotik mencapai 3,81 m. Terdapat variasi ketersediaan oksigen terlarut dari pencampuran massa air meromictic dan holomictic. Pada perlakuan 1 (meromictic hingga 12 m) nilai rata-rata DO yaitu 7,00 - 7,41 mg/l. Perlakuan 2 (meromictic hingga 24 m) nilai rata-rata DO 5,28 - 5,48 mg/l. Perlakuan 3 (holomictic hingga 42 m) memiliki nilai rata-rata DO sebesar 2,44 - 2,84 mg/l. Jika terjadi percampuran meromictic hingga kedalaman 12 m dan 24 m maka kegiatan budidaya ikan masih dianggap layak, karena nilai DO >5 mg/l. Akan tetapi, pencampuran holomictic mengakibatkan DO melewati ambang batas, sehingga tidak dapat menopang budidaya perikana

Analisis Sensitivitas Lingkungan Oscp (Oil Spill Contingency Plan) Di Pesisir Selatan Delta Mahakam, Provinsi Kalimantan Timur

The research was one part of oil spill contingency plan (OSCP) developed for Delta Mahakam area, where oil & gas exploration and exploitation linked with rich biodiversity supporting coastal community livelihood. Environmental sensitivity analysis for OSCP only do two early stages of OSCP scope, which integrated with the dangers of coastal vulnerability. This analysis mapped environmental component from oil pollution become sensitivity rangking as an effort to support response development strategies and priorities for the coastal resources protection. The aims of this research were (1) to establish environment sensitivity rank and (2) to identify primary factor supporting the environmental sensitivity for OSCP in south Delta Mahakam area. The result of analysis showed environmenal sensitivity was 62.37% (517.52 km), its mean very high sensitivity. Then the high sensitivity criteria was 11.31% (94 km). The criteria of medium sensitivity was 11.92% (99 km). While for low sensitivity and very low sensitivity respectively were 1.78% (15 km) and 12.64% (105 km). Based on Principal Component Analysis (PCA), 36.01% variability was explained by axis of factor 1. The others variability 18.53% and 13.93% were explained by axis of the factor 2 and factor 3. Axis of factor 1 for coastal exposure (EK), oil residence index (OR), coastal type (TP), and biological resources (SH) had a quite large linear combinations coefficient, amounted to 0.94 (EK&OR), 0.83 (TP) and 0.75 (SH). This indicated a very high contribution for environmental sensitivity OSCP level drafting. On axis of factor 2, the linear coeffisien combinations for the resource utilization of port (PL) was 0.83 and settlement (PM) was 0.85. Axis of factor 3 contributed 0.75 and 0.66 on migas platform (PO) and placement of passive fishing gear/catchment area (AT). However, the utilization of coastal resources for PL, PM, PO and AT were on axis of factor 2 and factor 3 had a considerable distance with its SI variable. This possible caused by each variable percentage distribution which the value was very minor ranged 0.001-0.52%, so its not representated coastal resources elements closeness with SI variable in the study area

Pemanfaatan Pati Biji Durian (Durio Zibethinus Murr.) Dan Pati Sagu (Metroxylon SP.) Dalam Pembuatan Bioplastik

Bioplastik adalah plastik yang dapat didegradasi oleh mikroba yang ada di dalam tanah karena adanya kandungan pati di dalamnya. Bioplastik diharapkan merupakan salah satu solusi dari masalah lingkungan yang disebabkan oleh penumpukan sampah kantong plastik belanja yang menjadi beban lingkungan. Secara komersial sudah ada bioplastik yang diproduksi dengan variasi jumlah penambahan pati singkong atau pati jagung, namun kendalanya adalah harga produk masih mahal jika dibandingkan dengan harga kantong plastik konvensional pada umumnya, karena tepung dan pati tersebut masih dibutuhkan di sektor pangan dan energi. Pada penelitian ini bioplastik dibuat dengan menggunakan pati yang diekstraksi dari biji durian yang selama ini merupakan limbah, untuk dicampur dengan biji plastik LDPE pada variasi konsentrasi pati 0% sampai 50%. Sebagai pembanding dipakai pati dari empulur sagu, sehingga karakteristik fisik seperti warna dan sifat mekanik dari bioplastik seperti kekuatan tarik, perpanjangan putus, dan kekerasan dapat dibandingkan. Uji penurunan berat bioplastik dilakukan dengan pemendaman di dalam tanah selama 8 minggu. Hasil uji Anova menunjukkan perlakuan jenis pati dan konsentrasi pati yang ditambahkan tidak beda nyata (p>0,05) terhadap kehilangan berat plastik. Analisis SEM dilakukan untuk membandingkan rongga diantara molekul pati dengan polimer plastik pada perbesaran 2500x yang menyebabkan kekuatan mekanik plastik menjadi berkurang dan rapuh ketika ditarik. Pati biji durian 10% terbukti optimal dapat digunakan sebagai substitusi polimer tanpa penambahan aditif dalam pembuatan bioplastik, dengan karakteristik mekanik yang dapat dibandingkan dengan pati sagu dan pati singkong, namun memiliki laju degradasi yang lebih rendah

Preparation of Some Eco-friendly Corrosion Inhibitors Having Antibacterial Activity from Sea Food Waste

Chitosan is one of the important biopolymers and it is extracted from exoskeletons of crustaceans in sea food waste. It is a suitable eco-friendly carbon steel corrosion inhibitor in acid media; the deacetylation degree of prepared chitosan is more than 85.16 %, and the molecular weight average is 109 kDa. Chitosan was modified to 2-N,N-diethylbenzene ammonium chloride N-oxoethyl chitosan (compound I), and 12-ammonium chloride N-oxododecan chitosan (compound II) as soluble water derivatives. The corrosion inhibition efficiency for carbon steel of compound (I) in 1 M HCl at varying temperature is higher than for chitosan and compound (II). However, the antibacterial activity of chitosan for Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans is higher than for its derivatives, and the minimum inhibition concentration and minimum bacterial concentration of chitosan and its derivatives were carried out with the same strain

ESR studies of inter- and intra-lamellar cation exchange processes in Cd2P2S6

The transition metal chalcogenides, M2P2S6 (M = divalent transition metal cation), are lamellar materials that undergo an unusual cation exchange process when their crystals are placed in contact with a solution of a transition metal salt. EPR spectroscopy has been used to examine the exchange of paramagnetic Co2+ for Cd2+ in diamagnetic Cd2P2S6. It has been possible to study the uptake of ions by the lamellar lattice and to examine the cation coordination environment through its effect on the parameters of the spin-Hamiltonian. In order to extract details of the Co2+ coordination from the observed EPR spectra, theoretical values of the g-value have been computed as a function of several crystal field parameters. The results for Co2+ are compared with previous results for the insertion of Mn2+ into Cd2P2S6 by cation exchange. The relative occupancy of the inter- and intra-lamellar sites is a function of the cation type and the solvent employed.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/28953/1/0000790.pd

Functional outcome after sacrospinous hysteropexy for uterine descensus

The study aimed to evaluate urogenital symptoms, defecatory symptoms and quality of life before and after a sacrospinous hysteropexy for uterovaginal prolapse. Seventy-two women with symptomatic uterovaginal prolapse were treated with sacrospinous hysteropexy. Before and after surgery, urogenital and defecatory symptoms and quality of life were assessed with a validated questionnaire. Anatomical outcome was assessed by means of pelvic examination before and after surgery. The mean follow-up time was 12.7 months. Scores on all domains of urogenital symptoms and defecatory symptoms, except for the pain and fecal incontinence domain, improved significantly. Also, quality of life improved on all domains. No major complications were encountered

Effects of hospital facilities on patient outcomes after cancer surgery: an international, prospective, observational study

Background Early death after cancer surgery is higher in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) compared with in high-income countries, yet the impact of facility characteristics on early postoperative outcomes is unknown. The aim of this study was to examine the association between hospital infrastructure, resource availability, and processes on early outcomes after cancer surgery worldwide.Methods A multimethods analysis was performed as part of the GlobalSurg 3 study-a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study of patients who had surgery for breast, colorectal, or gastric cancer. The primary outcomes were 30-day mortality and 30-day major complication rates. Potentially beneficial hospital facilities were identified by variable selection to select those associated with 30-day mortality. Adjusted outcomes were determined using generalised estimating equations to account for patient characteristics and country-income group, with population stratification by hospital.Findings Between April 1, 2018, and April 23, 2019, facility-level data were collected for 9685 patients across 238 hospitals in 66 countries (91 hospitals in 20 high-income countries; 57 hospitals in 19 upper-middle-income countries; and 90 hospitals in 27 low-income to lower-middle-income countries). The availability of five hospital facilities was inversely associated with mortality: ultrasound, CT scanner, critical care unit, opioid analgesia, and oncologist. After adjustment for case-mix and country income group, hospitals with three or fewer of these facilities (62 hospitals, 1294 patients) had higher mortality compared with those with four or five (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 3.85 [95% CI 2.58-5.75]; p<0.0001), with excess mortality predominantly explained by a limited capacity to rescue following the development of major complications (63.0% vs 82.7%; OR 0.35 [0.23-0.53]; p<0.0001). Across LMICs, improvements in hospital facilities would prevent one to three deaths for every 100 patients undergoing surgery for cancer.Interpretation Hospitals with higher levels of infrastructure and resources have better outcomes after cancer surgery, independent of country income. Without urgent strengthening of hospital infrastructure and resources, the reductions in cancer-associated mortality associated with improved access will not be realised

Analisis Kepuasan Wisatawan untuk Manajemen Pantai di Wisata Pantai Tanjung Bira

Tanjung Bira pantai telah menjadi pusat pariwisata di Kabupaten Bulukumba. Akibatnya, peningkatan jumlah pengunjung ke objek wisata Tanjung Bira pantai dapat mengurangi kualitas layanan pantai. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis indeks kepuasan pelanggan dan untuk mengidentifikasi indikator yang perlu ditingkatkan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode survei dengan distribusi kuesioner close-end. Analisis yang dilakukan dengan menghitung Customer Satisfaction Index (CSI) dan Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA). Penelitian dilakukan di pantai Tanjung Bira dari bulan April sampai Mei. Pengumpulan data dari kuesioner, 311 responden dari wisatawan lokal. Hasilnya menunjukkan nilai CSI sebesar 58%. Ini berarti bahwa pengunjung merasa cukup puas dengan kondisi dan Fasilitas di kawasan wisata Tanjung Bira beach. Pentingnya Kinerja analisis (IPA) mengidentifikasi 13 indikator yang perlu perbaikan, yaitu kesempatan untuk melihat hewan laut, harga tiket masuk, bangku, penjaga pantai, papan buletin, kebersihan pantai, tong sampah, toilet umum, kebersihan toilet umum, medis perawatan, keamanan & keselamatan, budaya sebagai daya tarik wisata lokal dan peran LSM