148 research outputs found

    Effect of pre-seasonal seasonal treatment with budesonide topical nasal powder in patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis

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    abstract The efficacy and safety of budesonide nasal powder (Rhinocort TurbuhalerÂź) in seasonal allergic rhinitis when given only at the onset of symptoms during the pollen season or when also given before the pollen season, were compared. The study was carried out in 364 patients from 14 centres in Italy as a randomized, double-blind, parallel-group, placebo- controlled comparison of five alternative treatment regimens given for 4 weeks during the pre-pollen and early pollen season (PPS) and for 6 weeks during the pollen season (PS). It was concluded that either 200 ÎŒ g or 400 ÎŒ g of budesonide given once daily PPS provides significant control of symptoms experienced during PPS. The 400 ÎŒ g dose, however, also provides additional prophylactic protection against symptoms during early PS. When the pollen season is established, the dose of budesonide may be reduced to 200 ÎŒ g

    Treatment and Patient Reported Outcome in Children with Hirschsprung Disease and Concomitant Congenital Heart Disease

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    . Purpose. Congenital heart disease (CHD) is reported to be associated with Hirschsprung disease (HD). The aim was to evaluate any differences between children with HD with and without CHD, respectively, with regard to patient characteristics, medical care, and patient reported bowel function. Method. This is a retrospective chart study and a cross-sectional long-term follow-up of patients older than 4 years old, including all children with HD operated on with transanal endorectal pull-through (TERPT) at a tertiary center of pediatric surgery. Information about patient characteristics, diagnostics, surgery, and medical care was compiled. At longterm follow-up, bowel function was assessed by Bowel Function Score. Results. Included were 53 HD-patients, 13 with CHD and 40 without CHD. Children with CHD more commonly presented with failure to thrive; 4 (23%) compared to those without CHD (0%) ( < 0.01). In the long-term follow-up, including 32 patients (6 with CHD), constipation was more commonly reported by children with CHD 5 (83%) than by children without CHD 4 (27%) ( = 0.01). No differences were shown in the other parameters such as fecal control and incontinence. Conclusion. HD-patients with CHD more commonly presented with failure to thrive and more frequently reported constipation than HD-patients without CHD. The findings indicate that HD-patients with CHD might need special consideration in their initial care and long-term follow-up

    Riboflavin/UVA Collagen Cross-Linking-Induced Changes in Normal and Keratoconus Corneal Stroma

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    Purpose To determine the effect of Ultraviolet-A collagen cross-linking with hypo-osmolar and iso-osmolar riboflavin solutions on stromal collagen ultrastructure in normal and keratoconus ex vivo human corneas. Methods Using small-angle X-ray scattering, measurements of collagen D-periodicity, fibril diameter and interfibrillar spacing were made at 1 mm intervals across six normal post-mortem corneas (two above physiological hydration (swollen) and four below (unswollen)) and two post-transplant keratoconus corneal buttons (one swollen; one unswollen), before and after hypo-osmolar cross-linking. The same parameters were measured in three other unswollen normal corneas before and after iso-osmolar cross-linking and in three pairs of swollen normal corneas, in which only the left was cross-linked (with iso-osmolar riboflavin). Results Hypo-osmolar cross-linking resulted in an increase in corneal hydration in all corneas. In the keratoconus corneas and unswollen normal corneas, this was accompanied by an increase in collagen interfibrillar spacing (p<0.001); an increase in fibril diameter was also seen in two out of four unswollen normal corneas and one unswollen keratoconus cornea (p<0.001). Iso-osmolar cross-linking resulted in a decrease in tissue hydration in the swollen normal corneas only. Although there was no consistent treatment-induced change in hydration in the unswollen normal samples, iso-osmolar cross-linking of these corneas did result in a compaction of collagen fibrils and a reduced fibril diameter (p<0.001); these changes were not seen in the swollen normal corneas. Collagen D-periodicity was not affected by either treatment. Conclusion The observed structural changes following Ultraviolet-A cross-linking with hypo-osmolar or iso-osmolar riboflavin solutions are more likely a consequence of treatment-induced changes in tissue hydration rather than cross-linking

    ”Vi behöver ju inte dansa salsa pĂ„ Dirty Dancing - viset” : En kvalitativ undersökning om idrottslĂ€rares arbete med kroppskontakt i rörelse till musik samt dans

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    Bakgrund: De senaste 50 Ären har oron kring kroppskontakt mellan lÀrare och elev ökat vilket gjort att mÄnga pedagoger har Àndrat i sitt utformande av undervisningen. Detta för att lÀrare vill skydda sig mot anklagelser utifrÄn om kroppskontakten gÄr till pÄ rÀtt sÀtt mellan lÀrare och elev. Syfte: Studiens syfte var att fÄ förstÄelse för hur gymnasielÀrare i idrott och hÀlsa uttalar sig om kroppskontakt och utformar strategier i relation till kroppskontakt med elever i ÀmnesinnehÄllet rörelse till musik samt dans. Metod: I studien anvÀndes kvalitativa semistrukturerade intervjuer med totalt fyra utbildade gymnasielÀrare. Med hjÀlp av Foucaults begrepp diskurs och styrningsmentalitet kunde det insamlande materialet analyseras för att ge förstÄelse för lÀrares uttalanden om, och strategier för hur de hanterar kroppskontakt med eleverna i sin undervisning gÀllande musik och rörelse samt dans. Resultat: Studien visade att lÀrare uttalade sig om att de anvÀnde sig av kroppskontakten i ÀmnesinnehÄllet rörelse till musik samt dans för att utövandet krÀver det och för att uppnÄ lÀrande hos eleverna. LÀrarna talade om att de behövde bygga upp en stark tillit för att möjliggöra kroppskontakt dÀr undervisning i rörelse till musik samt dans var pÄ vÄrterminen och lÀrarna planerade innehÄllet utifrÄn de individuella eleverna. Resultatet i studien visade ocksÄ att lÀrarna dansade pÄ avstÄnd och under korta stunder med eleverna samt korrigerade eleverna hur utförandet gÄr till. LÀrarna vÀvde ocksÄ in kroppskontakten efter ett tag med eleverna i undervisningen och försökte avdramatisera detta undervisningsinnehÄll för att möjliggöra kroppskontakten. Slutsats: Studiens resultat hade likheter med tidigare forskning inom omrÄdet kroppskontakt i Àmnet idrott och hÀlsa. Detta utifrÄn hur lÀrarna uttalar sig om kroppskontakt och utformar strategier i relation till kroppskontakt i Àmnet i stort. Mer forskning i ÀmnesinnehÄllet rörelse till musik samt dans behöver göras för att fÄ en sÀkrare och en mer allmÀngiltig bild över hur lÀrare i idrott och hÀlsa arbetar med kroppskontakt. Vilket möjliggör Ànnu mer vÀgledning för andra lÀrare i deras arbete nÀr det gÀller detta omrÄde i undervisningen. Background: In the last 50 years concerns about body contact between teacher and student have increased, which have caused that many pedagogues change the way they design their teaching. This is because teachers want to protect themselves against accusations if the bodycontact is done in the right way between teacher and student. Purpose: The purpose of the study was to gain understanding of how high school teachers in physical education talk about body contact and how they design strategies in relation to bodycontact with the students in the subject content of movement to music and dance. Method: The study used qualitative semi-structured interviews with a total of four highschool teachers. With the help of Foucault's concepts of discourse and governmentality the collected material could be analyzed to provide understanding of teachers talk about, and strategies for how they handle body contact with students in their teaching regarding music and movement and dance. Results: The study showed that teachers talked about that they used body contact in the subject content movement to music and dance to achieve learning among the students and because the exercise requires it. The teachers gave expression that they needed to build a strong trust to be able to use body contact, so the teachers planned teaching in movement to music and dance in the spring term and planned the content based on the individual students. The results of the study also showed that the teachers danced with distance and for short moments with the students and corrected the students on how the performance is done. The teachers also used the body contact after a while with the students in the teaching and tried to de-dramatize the teaching content to be able to use body contact. Conclusion: The result of the study is similar to previous research in the field of body contactvin the subject physical education. This based on how the teachers talked about body contact, and design strategies in relation to body contact in the subject in general. More research in movement to music and dance must be done to get a safer and more general picture about how teachers work in physical education with body contact. Which would make even more guidance for other teachers in their work regarding this area of teaching.

    ”Vi behöver ju inte dansa salsa pĂ„ Dirty Dancing - viset” : En kvalitativ undersökning om idrottslĂ€rares arbete med kroppskontakt i rörelse till musik samt dans

    No full text
    Bakgrund: De senaste 50 Ären har oron kring kroppskontakt mellan lÀrare och elev ökat vilket gjort att mÄnga pedagoger har Àndrat i sitt utformande av undervisningen. Detta för att lÀrare vill skydda sig mot anklagelser utifrÄn om kroppskontakten gÄr till pÄ rÀtt sÀtt mellan lÀrare och elev. Syfte: Studiens syfte var att fÄ förstÄelse för hur gymnasielÀrare i idrott och hÀlsa uttalar sig om kroppskontakt och utformar strategier i relation till kroppskontakt med elever i ÀmnesinnehÄllet rörelse till musik samt dans. Metod: I studien anvÀndes kvalitativa semistrukturerade intervjuer med totalt fyra utbildade gymnasielÀrare. Med hjÀlp av Foucaults begrepp diskurs och styrningsmentalitet kunde det insamlande materialet analyseras för att ge förstÄelse för lÀrares uttalanden om, och strategier för hur de hanterar kroppskontakt med eleverna i sin undervisning gÀllande musik och rörelse samt dans. Resultat: Studien visade att lÀrare uttalade sig om att de anvÀnde sig av kroppskontakten i ÀmnesinnehÄllet rörelse till musik samt dans för att utövandet krÀver det och för att uppnÄ lÀrande hos eleverna. LÀrarna talade om att de behövde bygga upp en stark tillit för att möjliggöra kroppskontakt dÀr undervisning i rörelse till musik samt dans var pÄ vÄrterminen och lÀrarna planerade innehÄllet utifrÄn de individuella eleverna. Resultatet i studien visade ocksÄ att lÀrarna dansade pÄ avstÄnd och under korta stunder med eleverna samt korrigerade eleverna hur utförandet gÄr till. LÀrarna vÀvde ocksÄ in kroppskontakten efter ett tag med eleverna i undervisningen och försökte avdramatisera detta undervisningsinnehÄll för att möjliggöra kroppskontakten. Slutsats: Studiens resultat hade likheter med tidigare forskning inom omrÄdet kroppskontakt i Àmnet idrott och hÀlsa. Detta utifrÄn hur lÀrarna uttalar sig om kroppskontakt och utformar strategier i relation till kroppskontakt i Àmnet i stort. Mer forskning i ÀmnesinnehÄllet rörelse till musik samt dans behöver göras för att fÄ en sÀkrare och en mer allmÀngiltig bild över hur lÀrare i idrott och hÀlsa arbetar med kroppskontakt. Vilket möjliggör Ànnu mer vÀgledning för andra lÀrare i deras arbete nÀr det gÀller detta omrÄde i undervisningen. Background: In the last 50 years concerns about body contact between teacher and student have increased, which have caused that many pedagogues change the way they design their teaching. This is because teachers want to protect themselves against accusations if the bodycontact is done in the right way between teacher and student. Purpose: The purpose of the study was to gain understanding of how high school teachers in physical education talk about body contact and how they design strategies in relation to bodycontact with the students in the subject content of movement to music and dance. Method: The study used qualitative semi-structured interviews with a total of four highschool teachers. With the help of Foucault's concepts of discourse and governmentality the collected material could be analyzed to provide understanding of teachers talk about, and strategies for how they handle body contact with students in their teaching regarding music and movement and dance. Results: The study showed that teachers talked about that they used body contact in the subject content movement to music and dance to achieve learning among the students and because the exercise requires it. The teachers gave expression that they needed to build a strong trust to be able to use body contact, so the teachers planned teaching in movement to music and dance in the spring term and planned the content based on the individual students. The results of the study also showed that the teachers danced with distance and for short moments with the students and corrected the students on how the performance is done. The teachers also used the body contact after a while with the students in the teaching and tried to de-dramatize the teaching content to be able to use body contact. Conclusion: The result of the study is similar to previous research in the field of body contactvin the subject physical education. This based on how the teachers talked about body contact, and design strategies in relation to body contact in the subject in general. More research in movement to music and dance must be done to get a safer and more general picture about how teachers work in physical education with body contact. Which would make even more guidance for other teachers in their work regarding this area of teaching.

    En studie om CO2-kalkylatorers hjÀlp till ökad koldioxidlitteracitet

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    KoldioxidutslĂ€ppen Ă€r idag ett av de största miljöproblemen som vi stĂ„r inför. CO2-kalkylatorer anvĂ€nds för att informera individer och företag som deras pĂ„verkan. Men Ă€ven om anvĂ€ndandet av CO2-kalkylatorer ökar sĂ„ har dess anvĂ€ndare fortfarande svĂ„rt att veta vad de behöver göra för att minska sina koldioxidutslĂ€pp. Denna studie syftar till att undersöka hur CO2-kalkylatorer motiverar företag och dess anstĂ€llda. Den syftar ocksĂ„ till att se hur informationen frĂ„n CO2-kalkylatorerna hjĂ€lper dem att bli mer koldioxidlitterĂ€ra, alltsĂ„ hur de förstĂ„r informationen och hur de implementerar denna kunskap. För att undersöka detta har en kvalitativ intervjustudie utförts med personer som anvĂ€nder sig av en CO2-kalkylator pĂ„ sitt arbete. Studiens resultat pĂ„visar att CO2-kalkylatorer idag Ă€r för komplexa för mĂ„nga anvĂ€ndare och ofta skapar förvirring snarare Ă€n klarhet. Carbon emissions is one of biggest environmental problems that we face today. CO2-calculators are used to inform individuals and companies about their impact on the environment. But even though they have become more commonly used, they still have problems in their functionality because the users still don’t know what they need to do to reduce their carbon emissions. The aim of this study is to investigate how CO2-calculators in companies motivate the company and its workers, and how the information helps them become more carbon literate. To explore how the workers use and understand their CO2-calculators at work, a qualitative interview study has been performed. The result of the study show that CO2-calculators today are complex and often confuse the users instead of supporting them

    En studie om CO2-kalkylatorers hjÀlp till ökad koldioxidlitteracitet

    No full text
    KoldioxidutslĂ€ppen Ă€r idag ett av de största miljöproblemen som vi stĂ„r inför. CO2-kalkylatorer anvĂ€nds för att informera individer och företag som deras pĂ„verkan. Men Ă€ven om anvĂ€ndandet av CO2-kalkylatorer ökar sĂ„ har dess anvĂ€ndare fortfarande svĂ„rt att veta vad de behöver göra för att minska sina koldioxidutslĂ€pp. Denna studie syftar till att undersöka hur CO2-kalkylatorer motiverar företag och dess anstĂ€llda. Den syftar ocksĂ„ till att se hur informationen frĂ„n CO2-kalkylatorerna hjĂ€lper dem att bli mer koldioxidlitterĂ€ra, alltsĂ„ hur de förstĂ„r informationen och hur de implementerar denna kunskap. För att undersöka detta har en kvalitativ intervjustudie utförts med personer som anvĂ€nder sig av en CO2-kalkylator pĂ„ sitt arbete. Studiens resultat pĂ„visar att CO2-kalkylatorer idag Ă€r för komplexa för mĂ„nga anvĂ€ndare och ofta skapar förvirring snarare Ă€n klarhet. Carbon emissions is one of biggest environmental problems that we face today. CO2-calculators are used to inform individuals and companies about their impact on the environment. But even though they have become more commonly used, they still have problems in their functionality because the users still don’t know what they need to do to reduce their carbon emissions. The aim of this study is to investigate how CO2-calculators in companies motivate the company and its workers, and how the information helps them become more carbon literate. To explore how the workers use and understand their CO2-calculators at work, a qualitative interview study has been performed. The result of the study show that CO2-calculators today are complex and often confuse the users instead of supporting them

    EXPERIMENTAL INTERACTION OPACITY OF THE CORNEA

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