3,826 research outputs found
Carbon Concentration Dependence of the Superconducting Transition Temperature and Structure of MgCxNi3
The crystal structure of the superconductor MgCxNi3 is reported as a function
of carbon concentration determined by powder neutron diffraction. The
single-phase perovskite structure was found in only a narrow range of carbon
content, 0.88 < x < 1.0. The superconducting transition temperature was found
to decrease systematically with decreasing carbon concentration. The
introduction of carbon vacancies has a significant effect on the positions of
the Ni atoms. No evidence for long range magnetic ordering was seen by neutron
diffraction for carbon stoichiometries within the perovskite phase stability
range.Comment: 4 figure
Effects of Community Exercise Therapy on Metabolic, Brain, Physical, and Cognitive Function Following Stroke : A Randomized Controlled Pilot Trial
© The Author(s) 2014.Peer reviewedPostprintPostprin
How to measure the need for transition to adult services among young people with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder(ADHD): a comparison of surveillance versus case note review methods
This is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from BioMed Central via the DOI in this recordBackground: Health services have not provided adequate support for young people with long term health conditions to transfer from child to adult services. National Institute of Health and Care (NICE) guidance on transition has been issued to address these gaps. However, data are often sparse about the number of young adults who might need to transition. Using Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) as an exemplar, this study used an existing surveillance system and a case note review to capture the incidence of the transition process, and compared and contrasted the findings.
Methods: The Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Surveillance System (CAPSS) was used to estimate the incident transition of young people with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) from child to adult services. This involves consultant child and adolescent psychiatrists from the United Kingdom (UK) and Republic of Ireland (ROI) reporting relevant young people as they are seen in clinics. In parallel, a case note review was conducted using the Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre (BRC) Clinical Records Interactive Search (CRIS). The study period ran for twelve months with a nine month follow up to see how the transition proceeded.
Results: CRIS identified 76 cases in the study period, compared to 18 identified using surveillance via CAPSS. Methodological issues were experienced using both methods. Surveillance issues; eligibility criteria confusion, reporting errors, incomplete questionnaires, difficulties contacting clinicians, and surveillance systems do not cover non-doctors and psychiatrists who are not consultants. Case note review issues using CRIS included the need for researchers to interpret clinical notes, the availability and completeness of data in the notes, and data limited to the catchment of one particular mental health trust.
Conclusions: Both methods demonstrate strengths and weaknesses; the combination of both methods in the absence of strong routinely collected data, allowed a more robust estimate of the level of need for service planning and commissioning.National Institute for Health Researc
Entanglement-secured single-qubit quantum secret-sharing
In single-qubit quantum secret sharing, a secret is shared between N parties
via manipulation and measurement of one qubit at a time. Each qubit is sent to
all N parties in sequence; the secret is encoded in the first participant's
preparation of the qubit state and the subsequent participants' choices of
state rotation or measurement basis. We present a protocol for single-qubit
quantum secret sharing using polarization entanglement of photon pairs produced
in type-I spontaneous parametric downconversion. We investigate the protocol's
security against eavesdropping attack under common experimental conditions: a
lossy channel for photon transmission, and imperfect preparation of the initial
qubit state. A protocol which exploits entanglement between photons, rather
than simply polarization correlation, is more robustly secure. We implement the
entanglement-based secret-sharing protocol with 87% secret-sharing fidelity,
limited by the purity of the entangled state produced by our present apparatus.
We demonstrate a photon-number splitting eavesdropping attack, which achieves
no success against the entanglement-based protocol while showing the predicted
rate of success against a correlation-based protocol.Comment: 10 pages, 8 figure
Coupling between electronic and structural degrees of freedom in the triangular lattice conductor NaxCoO2
The determination by powder neutron diffraction of the ambient temperature
crystal structures of compounds in the NaxCoO2 family, for 0.3 < x <= 1.0, is
reported. The structures consist of triangular CoO2 layers with Na ions
distributed in intervening charge reservoir layers. The shapes of the CoO6
octahedra that make up the CoO2 layers are found to be critically dependent on
the electron count and on the distribution of the Na ions in the intervening
layers, where two types of Na sites are available. Correlation of the shapes of
cobalt-oxygen octahedra, the Na ion positions, and the electronic phase diagram
in NaxCoO2 is made, showing how structural and electronic degrees of freedom
can be coupled in electrically conducting triangular lattice systems.Comment: 15 pages, 1 tables, 6 figures Submitted to Physical Review
Data-Driven Distributionally Robust Electric Vehicle Balancing for Autonomous Mobility-on-Demand Systems under Demand and Supply Uncertainties
Electric vehicles (EVs) are being rapidly adopted due to their economic and
societal benefits. Autonomous mobility-on-demand (AMoD) systems also embrace
this trend. However, the long charging time and high recharging frequency of
EVs pose challenges to efficiently managing EV AMoD systems. The complicated
dynamic charging and mobility process of EV AMoD systems makes the demand and
supply uncertainties significant when designing vehicle balancing algorithms.
In this work, we design a data-driven distributionally robust optimization
(DRO) approach to balance EVs for both the mobility service and the charging
process. The optimization goal is to minimize the worst-case expected cost
under both passenger mobility demand uncertainties and EV supply uncertainties.
We then propose a novel distributional uncertainty sets construction algorithm
that guarantees the produced parameters are contained in desired confidence
regions with a given probability. To solve the proposed DRO AMoD EV balancing
problem, we derive an equivalent computationally tractable convex optimization
problem. Based on real-world EV data of a taxi system, we show that with our
solution the average total balancing cost is reduced by 14.49%, and the average
mobility fairness and charging fairness are improved by 15.78% and 34.51%,
respectively, compared to solutions that do not consider uncertainties.Comment: 16 page
Societal Statement on the Role of Occupational Therapy with Survivors of Human Sex Trafficking in the United States
As part of a specialized course, OTD 8340 Wellness and Health Promotion in Occupational Therapy, students from the Nova Southeastern University Entry Level Doctor of Occupational Therapy program, drafted a Societal Statement on the role of occupational therapy with survivors of human sex trafficking in the United States. The students explored the issue of domestic human sex trafficking from an occupational perspective, under the guidance of their professor, Mirtha Montejo Whaley, PhD, OTR/L. As of the publication of this journal, the document is under review by the American Occupational Therapy Association (AOTA
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Syngeneic animal models of tobacco-associated oral cancer reveal the activity of in situ anti-CTLA-4.
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the sixth most common cancer worldwide. Tobacco use is the main risk factor for HNSCC, and tobacco-associated HNSCCs have poor prognosis and response to available treatments. Recently approved anti-PD-1 immune checkpoint inhibitors showed limited activity (≤20%) in HNSCC, highlighting the need to identify new therapeutic options. For this, mouse models that accurately mimic the complexity of the HNSCC mutational landscape and tumor immune environment are urgently needed. Here, we report a mouse HNSCC model system that recapitulates the human tobacco-related HNSCC mutanome, in which tumors grow when implanted in the tongue of immunocompetent mice. These HNSCC lesions have similar immune infiltration and response rates to anti-PD-1 (≤20%) immunotherapy as human HNSCCs. Remarkably, we find that >70% of HNSCC lesions respond to intratumoral anti-CTLA-4. This syngeneic HNSCC mouse model provides a platform to accelerate the development of immunotherapeutic options for HNSCC
Report drawn up on behalf of the Committee on Economic and Monetary Affairs on the possible loan from the OPEC countries to the Federal Republic of Germany and to France. EP Working Documents 1982-83, Document 1-284/82, 4 June 1982
Abstract Background Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) has become an emerging infectious disease in China in the last decade. There has been evidence that meteorological factors can influence the HFMD incidence, and understanding the mechanisms can help prevent and control HFMD. Methods HFMD incidence data and meteorological data in Minhang District, Shanghai were obtained for the period between 2009 and 2015. Distributed lag non-linear models (DLNMs) were utilized to investigate the impact of meteorological factors on HFMD incidence after adjusting for potential confounders of long time trend, weekdays and holidays. Results There was a non-linear relationship between temperature and HFMD incidence, the RR of 5th percentile compared to the median is 0.836 (95% CI: 0.671–1.042) and the RR of 95th percentile is 2.225 (95% CI: 1.774–2.792), and the effect of temperature varied across age groups. HFMD incidence increased with increasing average relative humidity (%) (RR = 1.009, 95% CI: 1.005–1.015) and wind speed (m/s) (RR = 1.197, 95% CI: 1.118–1.282), and with decreasing daily rainfall (mm) (RR = 0.992, 95% CI: 0.987–0.997) and sunshine hours (h) (RR = 0.966, 95% CI: 0.951–0.980). Conclusions There were significant relationships between meteorological factors and childhood HFMD incidence in Minhang District, Shanghai. This information can help local health agencies develop strategies for the control and prevention of HFMD under specific climatic conditions
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