The Effects of Fiber Furnish on Physical Properties of Paper

This experiment was designed to determine the effects of fiber furnish on the physical properties of paper. To do this various pulps and combinations of these pulps were formed into handsheets and their physical properties determined. The tests performed on the handsheets were tear, fold, tensile, stretch and tensile energy absorption. The findings of this report indicates possibilities of a linear relationship between percent of pulp in a sheet and the fold and tensile. Stretch values increase by various degrees as more of the higher stretch fiber is added. The TEA follows the stretch values very closely

Variations of Hausdorff Dimension in the Exponential Family

In this paper we deal with the following family of exponential maps $(f_\lambda:z\mapsto \lambda(e^z-1))_{\lambda\in [1,+\infty)}$. Denoting $d(\lambda)$ the hyperbolic dimension of $f_\lambda$. It is known that the function $\lambda\mapsto d(\lambda)$ is real analytic in $(1,+\infty)$, and that it is continuous in $[1,+\infty)$. In this paper we prove that this map is C$^1$ on $[1,+\infty)$, with $d'(1^+)=0$. Moreover, depending on the value of $d(1)$, we give estimates of the speed of convergence towards 0.Comment: 32 pages. A para\^itre dans Annales Academi{\ae} Scientiarum Fennic{\ae} Mathematic

Population size, concentration, and civil war : a geographically disaggregated analysis

Why do larger countries have more armed conflict? This paper surveys three sets of hypotheses forwarded in the conflict literature regarding the relationship between the size and location of population groups: Hypotheses based on pure population mass, on distances, on population concentrations, and some residual state-level characteristics. The hypotheses are tested on a new dataset-ACLED (Armed Conflict Location and Events Dataset)-which disaggregates internal conflicts into individual events. The analysis covers 14 countries in Central Africa. The conflict event data are juxtaposed with geographically disaggregated data on populations, distance to capitals, borders, and road networks. The paper develops a statistical method to analyze this type of data. The analysis confirms several of the hypotheses.Population Policies,Social Conflict and Violence,Demographics,Country Population Profiles,Health Indicators

Custom transistor layout design techniques for random telegraph signal noise reduction in CMOS image sensors

Interface and near oxide traps in small gate area MOS transistors (gate area ,1 mm2) lead to RTS noise which implies the emergence of noisy pixels in CMOS image sensors. To reduce this noise, two simple and efficient layout techniques of custom transistors have been imagined. These techniques have been successfully implemented in an image sensor test chip fabricated in a 0.35 mm CMOS image sensor process. Experimental results demonstrate a significant reduction of the noisy pixels for the two different techniques

A thermal-magnetic investigation of the magnetite-ulvospinel series

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Fundamental efficiency bound for coherent energy transfer in nanophotonics

We derive a unified quantum theory of coherent and incoherent energy transfer between two atoms (donor and acceptor) valid in arbitrary Markovian nanophotonic environments. Our theory predicts a fundamental bound $\eta_{max} = \frac{\gamma_a}{\gamma_d + \gamma_a}$ for energy transfer efficiency arising from the spontaneous emission rates $\gamma_{d}$ and $\gamma_a$ of the donor and acceptor. We propose the control of the acceptor spontaneous emission rate as a new design principle for enhancing energy transfer efficiency. We predict an experiment using mirrors to enhance the efficiency bound by exploiting the dipole orientations of the donor and acceptor. Of fundamental interest, we show that while quantum coherence implies the ultimate efficiency bound has been reached, reaching the ultimate efficiency does not require quantum coherence. Our work paves the way towards nanophotonic analogues of efficiency enhancing environments known in quantum biological systems.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figure