Meanings and Expressions of Caring Among Nurses in Clinical Workplace: a Literature Review

Background: Research shows that nurse retention is high as a result of a stressful work environment coupled with inadequate support in clinical workplace. Caring among nurses is therefore crucial in enhanced and enriched the working environment that helps increase nurse's satisfaction and retention in the profession.Purpose: To explore the meanings and expressions of caring among nurses in clinical workplace.Methods: Literature review of existing articles on electronic databases was conducted. The meanings and expressions of caring among nurses were identified. The year of publication ranged from 2000-2012.Result: Based on inclusion criteria, 10 articles reviewed were included. There was very limited result describing meanings of caring among nurses. However, caring expressions had been identified and categorized into personal and professional levels. There were some common themes such as caring through helping and support, caring through appreciating, and acknowledging unappreciated caring.Conclusion: Caring among nurses is very important to keep nurses emerged and able to work more effectively. However, caring varies within cultures and there are still limited studies among nurses in nonwestern society. Therefore, further research is needed to describe meanings and expressions of caring in clinical workplace that is beneficial in enhancing caring environment, increasing nurse's satisfaction and nurse retention

Emergency Training, Education and Perceived Clinical Skills for Tsunami Care Among Nurses in Banda Aceh, Indonesia

Background: Nurses are a part of health care provider who has responsibility to respond to disaster. The nurses ought to have sufficient knowledge and skills in caring for patients in disasters such as in a tsunami. Clinical skills of nurses effectively help the nurses in handling the tsunami emergency response.Objectives: To describe the levels of perceived clinical skills for tsunami care in acute response phase (6 months) after tsunami struck, and to examine the relationship between emergency training, education, and perceived clinical skills for tsunami care in Banda Aceh, Indonesia.Methods: This was a correlational study. Systematic random sampling was employed to recruit 97 nurses in a hospital in Banda Aceh, Indonesia. Data were collected using questionnaires developed by the researchers and colleagues. The questionnaires consisted of two main parts: The Demographic Data Questionnaire (DDQ) and The Tsunami Care Questionnaire (TCQ).Results: Overall, perceived clinical skills for tsunami care were at a moderate level with the total mean score of 3.52 (SD = 0.86). Pearson product moment correlation coefficients indicated significant relationships between perceived clinical skills for tsunami care and attending emergency training and education (r = .23, p< .05).Conclusion: The nurses in the hospital should maintain and improve their knowledge and skills by regularly attending emergency training and education in order to respond to disaster more effectively

Islam-Based Caring for the Harmony of Life among Moslem Critically Ill Patients

Background: The application of more humanized approaches in the caring process of the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) patients with the aim of improving the quality of care has been given a growing attention However, there are limited studies regarding the Islam-based caring for the Moslem populations in Indonesia. Aim: This study aimed to explore and describe the caring actions employed by nurses to enhance the harmony of critically ill Muslim patients. Method: This study was conducted on 24 nurses working in the ICU for a minimum of 2 years, as well as patients and their families and a physician. An action research approach was used to develop an Islam-based caring model for the ICU patients. The study population was selected through purposive sampling technique. The data were colected using in-depth interviews and three focus group discussions. Results: The analysis of the obtained data resulted in the emergence of two main themes, including outcomes of the caring practice and harmony of the life of Moslem critically ill patients. The caring actions aimed at promoting the harmony of life for the critically ill patients were presented and discussed. Implications for Practice: The findings of this study are valuable for nursing professionals in enhancing the harmony of life for critically ill patients

Family Experiences of Getting Tuberculosis Diagnosis

Background: Children who living in tuberculosis (TB) household have a high risk to be transmitted by TB, that become the main reason for those children to be given TB prevention.DiagnosedbyTB,isanentrypointofthefamiliestobeawareoftheriskof TBtransmissionandtheneedofTBprevention,especiallyfortheirchildren.Objectives: This study aimed to explore the family experiences of living with patients diagnosed with tuberculosis. Methods: A qualitative study was conducted from December 2016 to July 2017, among fourteen family caregivers whose a previous adult active-TB and have children living in same households. The key participants were recruited from a lung clinic Bandung-Indonesia and followed up to their home. Data were gathered by in-depth interview. Each interview took 40-90 minutes in the informant’s home. Data were analysed by content analysis. Results: Most families experienced TB diagnosis delayed. They did not notice initial TB symptoms, felt inconvenience with the health care services, and travelled around for the right diagnosis. Conclusions/Importance: ThisstudyhighlightedimportantearlygettingTBdiagnosis, therefor nurses and other health care professionals should enhance family’s knowledge and awareness to TB symptoms and the health care services system, in order to improve family awareness to the risk of TB transmission. Moreover, strengthening of the health care services system is needed to improve the effectiveness and quality of TB diagnosis

Islamic Based Caring in Nursing Science: A Literature Review

This article explores Islamic based caring and the role of Islamic theory in nursing practice. The article also reviews the concept of caring in Islamic perspective in the nursing science.A literature review was conducted by analyzing 20 scholar papers including research articles, theses/dissertations, and books which met the inclusion criterias. Data were searched through CINAHL, Medline, PubMed, Springer-link, Science Direct, and Wiley & Wilkins. The keywords used were ‘care’, ‘caring’, ‘caring behavior’, ‘caring practice’, combined with, ‘nursing’ and ‘Islam’. The result of analysis presents five themes related to Islamic-based caring: caring in Islamic perspective, nursing Metaparadigm in Islam, the conceptual meaning of caring in Islamic perspective, the philosophical meaning of Islam in nursing science, and the pattern of knowledge in Islamic based caring. The nursing scholars noted that the Islamic culture bringsabreakthrough of research in nursing science. Islam can be used as a framework of nursing to develop a new nursing model to improve quality care for patients, families, even among nursing colleagues.

Photo-voice as a Qualitative Research Method in Nursing and Health Sciences: a Literature Review

The interest on research methods using photograph and photo-interview has emerged in the last decade. However, some aspects of this method were less explained for further application. This review revealed the state of knowledge of photo-voice in qualitative nursing and health researches in order to provide an updated description on this method. Photo-voice is one of visual research methods to elicit information through participant-produced photographs and photo interview. The objective of this review was to explore the current applications of photo-voice regarding to the terms used, the framework underpinning the researches, the research designs, the concepts explored, the advantages and disadvantages identified and the guideline provided for future use. Based on the literature reviewed, photo-voice has proved its applicability to address sensitive issues and to provide richer data and deeper analysis. This research method could improve the comprehensiveness of the data produced and increase the participation of groups being investigated.The rich visual and narrative data collected by this method are considered appropriate to be applied in exploring the marginalized groups in a way that empower them. This method also opens the chance to involve other disciplines in a research team. Some issues to consider in applying this method are time-consuming and technical limitatiosn, as well as the challenges in maintaining the level of participation. However, the advantages of the method were more prominent, especially in balancing the power in research and empowering the participants. This method was recommended to use in researches conducted in oppressed or marginalized groups for the purpose of empowerment and producing indigenous knowledge of the group

An ethnography of Thai folk healing in patients suffering from Lomammapart, a stroke-like condition

This paper reports on an ethnographic study using Spradley’s method, that explored the treatment and outcomes of treatment for patients with lomammapart who were cared for by traditional folk healers in Southern Thailand. Lomammapart is the Thai Folk Medicine term for stroke. Many patients with lomammapart in Thailand choose treatment by traditional folk healers. Data generation involved participant observation and in-depth interviews with key informants, ten folk healers who had experience in treating patients with lomammapart as well as general informants, eight patients with the condition. Treatment outcomes for patients with lomammapart were measured using the Barthel Index to assess activities of daily living at baseline and after three months. The findings revealed that the healing methods of lomammapart, based on folk medicine, consisted of Jubsen massage, herbal medicine, ritual, and advice. Jubsen massage was performed to expel the wind in the bodylines from the upper to the lower parts of body. Herbs that were prepared as hot beverages were used to expel wind in the bodylines and intestinal system and to eliminate the toxicity from the body to the excretory system. Rituals were performed to heal the spiritual self. In addition, the perceptions of success or otherwise of the efficacy of the treatments provided and the associated treatment outcomes were reported by folk healers and patients. Measurement of activities of daily living indicated that treatment resulted in the patients having better movement, and in sleeping, feeding, excretion, functioning of the body organs, living in society, and normal sensations. The findings of this study will help nurses’ to understand the health practices of folk healers based on beliefs and culture regarding care of such patients, so that they can try to integrate this knowledge with modern health care services to support patient needs. The rich findings also contribute to understandings of cultural knowledge of care and treatment in Thailand

Influence of Islamic Philosophy on the Faith and Practices of Patients with Diabetes Mellitus and Its Musculoskeletal Manifestations

Transcultural care is an important aspect of patient care. This review paper discusses the influence of Islamic philosophy on the faith and practices of Muslim patients with diabetes mellitus and its musculoskeletal manifestations. Relevant articles were searched from the electronic databases Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature, PubMed, ProQuest, and Science Direct using the keywords “Islamic philosophy, the influence of Islamic Philosophy in Muslim patients, religious practice during sick, fasting months, and sick.” No time limitation was specified for article selection. The database search yielded 170 potential articles. The abstracts of these articles were screened, and 50 full-length manuscripts were obtained, reviewed, and analyzed for their relevance to the subject matter. Discussions rooted in the ontology, epistemology, and methodology of Islamic philosophy were described in detail to provide a sound understanding of its influence on Muslim patients. The ontology of Islamic philosophy is based on four important concepts, namely, the Unity of Allah, the Unity of Creation, the Unity of Thought, and the Unity of Man. The epistemological approach can help Muslim patients search for knowledge on the basis of ontology and three principles, namely, Ilm’ Yaqin, Ainul Yaqin, and Haqqal Yaqin. The ontology and epistemology shape the methodology of Muslim patients’ daily life according to the Islamic concepts of the Five Pillars and Six True Faiths. The issues patients with diabetes mellitus and its musculoskeletal manifestations encounter usually arise when they need to perform obligations during fasting and prayers. Understanding Islamic philosophy in caring for patients with diabetes is important among healthcare professionals to provide appropriate care. Better healthcare services may be provided to Muslim patients if their specific needs are fulfilled according to their beliefs and culture. Abstrak Filosofi Islam Memengaruhi Iman dan Praktek Klien dengan Diabetes Mellitus dan Manifestasi Muskuloskeletalnya: Review. Perawatan transkultural adalah aspek penting ketika memberikan perawatan kepada klien. Artikel tinjauan ini akan membahas tentang filsafat Islam yang memengaruhi keyakinan dan praktik klien diabetes Muslim. Artikel yang relevan dicari dari database elektronik Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), PubMed, ProQuest, dan Science Direct. Kata kunci yang digunakan 'filsafat Islam, pengaruh Filsafat Islam pada klien Muslim, praktik keagamaan selama sakit, bulan puasa, dan sakit'. Tidak ada batasan waktu pada pemilihan artikel. Pencarian database mengidentifikasi sejumlah 170 artikel. Abstrak disaring dan 50 artikel lengkap diperoleh, ditinjau, dan dianalisis jika relevan. Diskusi rooting pada ontologi, epistemologi, dan metodologi filsafat Islam dijelaskan secara rinci untuk memahami pengaruhnya terhadap klien Muslim. Ontologi filsafat Islam didasarkan pada empat konsep penting; Kesatuan Allah, Kesatuan Ciptaan, Kesatuan Pemikiran, dan Kesatuan Manusia. Pendekatan epistemologis membantu klien Muslim untuk mencari pengetahuan berdasarkan ontologi dan tiga prinsip (Ilm Ya Yaqin, Ainul Yaqin, dan Haqqal Yaqin). Ini telah membentuk metodologi klien Muslim dalam kehidupan sehari-hari berdasarkan pada Islam Lima pilar dan Enam Iman Sejati. Masalah klien dengan diabetes mellitus dan manifestasi muskuloskeletalnya biasanya muncul setiap kali melakukan kewajiban saat puasa dan berdoa. Kebutuhan mereka untuk mengamati kepatuhan pengobatan, kontrol diet, doa sehari-hari, dan bagaimana metodologi memengaruhi kehidupan sehari-hari mereka. Pemahaman filosofi Islam dalam merawat klien diabetes adalah penting di antara para profesional kesehatan untuk memberikan perawatan yang tepat. Diharapkan bahwa layanan kesehatan yang lebih baik untuk klien Muslim jika kebutuhan spesifik keyakinan dan budaya terpenuhi. Kata kunci: diabetes mellitus, filsafat Islam, manifestasi muskuloskeletal, Musli