Growing Degree Day and Seed Yield Relationships in Mustard (Brassica juncea L.) Under Different Sowing Seasons and Locations of Turkey

Mustard is grown in mild winter regions as late fall and in hard winter regions as late spring crop. Mustard has high degree of adaptability under wide range of climatic conditions in Turkey. Temperature is an important weather parameter affecting the growth and development of the mustard. The sum growing degree day (GDD) for a growing season is related to plant development which is depends on the accumulation of heat. The aim of this study was to determine the adaptation of mustard, under sowing seasons (spring and fall sowing) and locations in terms of crop growth (emergence, 50% flowering, physiological maturity, and sum growing degree days) and seed yield of mustard. Two-year field experiments in a split-plot design with four replications were carried out during 2013-14 and 2014-15 growing seasons at eight different ecological locations. These locations included Ankara, Aydin, Erzurum, Eskisehir, Isparta, Tekirdag, Tokat and Sanliurfa provinces of Turkey-as classified by Koppen-Geiger ecological conditions. The Brassica juncea L. (mustard seeds) were collected from wild conditions in the Konya province of Turkey. The results showed that, sowing seasons and locations significantly affected seed yield and GDD. The maximum seed yield of 3754.9 kg ha(-1) was obtained from Tokat (warm humid) during fall sowing with total accumulated GDD of 1512.1 degrees C for mustard. Sum growing degree-days accumulated in different sowing seasons and locations occurred between 1132.0 degrees C and 2285.1 degrees C depending on the related ecological conditions. Fall season crop in Aydin location had the maximum growing degree days. Overall, fall season accumulated more growing degree days due to longer period of sunshine in comparison to spring season with less sunshine days resulting in longer vegetation period

Optimising Gamma Irradiation Seed Treatment of Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) Varieties for Potential Future Application in Mutation Breeding

Background: Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) is a nutritious and healthy seed oil crop with perspective for further improvement through plant breeding. Mutagenesis breeding generates new genetic variation with potentially favorable genetic changes for selection. Gamma irradiation has been applied to mutate sesame and other crops at seed stage. However, a wide range of doses have been applied, which can be ineffective or cause sterilization, and the different seed colors of sesame varieties influences sensitivity to irradiation.Methods: Gamma irradiation equipment was calibrated for low gamma irradiation doses and different treatments were applied to three Turkish sesame varieties with the aim of optimizing treatment. The resulting phenotypic variation of the M0 generation were quantified in terms of seedling and field performance.Results: Negative relationships were found between radiation dose and the measured traits; germination percentage, seedling shoot and root length, branch number, capsule number, capsule length, 100 seed weight, and yield, but not plant height or flowering time. Varieties generally maintained trait differences before and following radiation treatment, but for; germination, root length, branch and capsule number, and capsule length, varieties were affected differently by radiation dose.Conclusions: These results highlight the value of optimizing gamma irradiation dose for sesame according to variety, seed color, and trait, while confirming that doses ranging from 250 to 350 Gy are effective to induce variation for most traits. The treated populations generated in this study will be progressed to later generations to confirm heritable mutations as part of a future plant breeding efforts

Cronotopías del mandato familiar en novelas argentinas de la postdictadura

Nuestro trabajo actual de investigación se desenvuelve en torno al problema de novelas argentinas contemporáneas que tematizan el período de la dictadura militar (1976-1983). Para trabajar metódicamente este corpus en gestación apelamos a la noción de cronotopía bajtiniana, categoría generadora de relatos que ordenan diferentes formas de la experiencia humana y regulan la aparición de sujetos y discursos identitarios. En este artículo desarrollamos una breve serie que llamamos "cronotopía del mandato familiar" y en la que los jóvenes protagonistas sufren diferentes aprendizajes y pruebas vinculadas con los acontecimientos de la dictadura que los convierten en sujetos alienados, mutilados o escindidos.Our present work focuses on the investigation of contemporary Argentinean novels that deal with the period of the military dictatorship (1976-1983). In order to work metodologically on this corpus in progress, we appeal to the notion of the so-called Bachtinian chronotopy, generating category of stories which organize different forms for the human experiences and regulate the emergency of subjects and identity speeches. In this article we develop a brief series referred as the "chronotopy of the family mandate", in which young protagonists go through various learning experiences and tests related to the happenings of a terrible time that render them into alienated and exscinded subjects

Determination of Yield and Yield Components as a Second Crop of Some Sesame Genotypes Collected from Şanlıurfa Region

This research, was carried out to determine the performance of some sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) lines/genotype (15) and Arslanbey, Özberk-82, Muganlı-57, Gölmarmara and Baydar-2001 standard varieties in the Southeastern Anatolia Region. The studies were conducted at two locations (GAP Agricultural Research Institute-Gündaş Research Station and Talat Demirören Research Station) during the growing season in 2010 (13 lines/genotype) and 2011 (15 lines/genotype). Trials randomized complete block design as three replications. Plots length were 6 m, each plot formed 4 rows, row spacing was 70 cm and row distance was 15 cm. In the experiments was taken plant height, number of lateral branches per plant, number of capsules per plant, seed yield and 1000-grain weight as the herbal properties of the observations. According to research results; Arslanbey sesame variety with amounts ranging from 1112 kg ha-1 to 548 kg ha- 1 seed yield, in Şanlıurfa climate and soil conditions as the second product compared to other prominent varieties and lines is easily recommended

Orta Çağda Akdeniz'de Deniz Güçlerinin İncelenmesi

"Umur Bey'in deniz harekatları" ile bu harekatlardan Arnavutluk'taki "Epir harekatı"nı incelemeye başladığımızda gördük ki, bu döneme ait bilgilerin yegane kaynağı 1465 yılında yazılmış Düsturname-i Enveri adlı destandı. Bu eser de dahil olmak üzere, Aydınoğulları dönemi ve öncesine ait Türk gemileri ve denizciliğimizle ilgili çok kısıtlı yazılı bilgi vardı. Tüm araştırmalarımıza rağmen herhangi bir el yazması ve resim gibi görsel belgeye ise ulaşamadık

Determination of Yield and Yield Components as a Second Crop of Some Sesame Genotypes Collected from Şanlıurfa Region

This research, was carried out to determine the performance of some sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) lines/genotype (15) and Arslanbey, Özberk-82, Muganlı-57, Gölmarmara and Baydar-2001 standard varieties in the Southeastern Anatolia Region. The studies were conducted at two locations (GAP Agricultural Research Institute-Gündaş Research Station and Talat Demirören Research Station) during the growing season in 2010 (13 lines/genotype) and 2011 (15 lines/genotype). Trials randomized complete block design as three replications. Plots length were 6 m, each plot formed 4 rows, row spacing was 70 cm and row distance was 15 cm. In the experiments was taken plant height, number of lateral branches per plant, number of capsules per plant, seed yield and 1000-grain weight as the herbal properties of the observations. According to research results; Arslanbey sesame variety with amounts ranging from 1112 kg ha-1 to 548 kg ha-1 seed yield, in Şanlıurfa climate and soil conditions as the second product compared to other prominent varieties and lines is easily recommended

Determination of some suitable sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) genotypes as second crop under Harran Plain conditions

Bu araştırma, bazı susam hatları ile Arslanbey ve Özberk-82 susam çeşitlerinin Harran Ovası koşullarındaki II. ürün performanslarını belirlemek amacıyla, 2010 ve 2011 yetiştirme sezonlarında GAP Tarımsal Araştırma Enstitüsü Müdürlüğünün Talat Demirören Araştırma İstasyonunda yürütülmüştür. Deneme tesadüf blokları deneme desenine göre 3 tekerrürlü olarak kurulmuştur. Parsellerde; sıra arası mesafe 70 cm, sıra üzeri mesafe ise 15 cm olacak şekilde her parselde 4 sıra ekim yapılmış olup, parsel ebatları 6 x 2.8 m olarak düzenlenmiştir. Denemelerde bitki boyu, bitki başına yan dal sayısı, bitki başına kapsül sayısı, tohum verimi ve 1000 tane ağırlığı gibi bitkisel özelliklere ait gözlemler yapılmıştır. İki yıllık birleşik analizlerde; genotipler arasındaki farklılıklar incelenen tüm bitkisel özelliklerde % 1 seviyesinde önemli bulunmuştur. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre; en yüksek tohum verimi 1233 kg ha-1 ile Arslanbey çeşidinden elde edilirken, en düşük tohum verimi ise 574 kg ha-1 ile 3 no’lu hattan elde edilmiştir.This research was conducted in order to determine the second crop performances of some sesame lines and varieties of Arslanbey and Özberk-82 under the Harran Plain conditions at the GAP Agricultural Research Institute Talat Demirören Research Station in 2010 and 2011 growing seasons. Trials were established as randomized complete block design with three replications. Plots lengths were 6 m, each plot formed of 4 rows, row spacing was 70 cm and intra-row distance was 15 cm and plots are arranged in size of 6 x 2.8 m. In the experiments were taken the plant height, number of lateral branches per plant, number of capsules per plant, seed yield and 1000-grain weight as the herbal properties of the observations. In the two years of combined analysis; the differences between genotypes were found significant at the level of 1% in all examined plant characteristics. According to the research results; the highest seed yield was obtained from the variety of Arslanbey with 1233 kg ha-1 and the lowest seed yield from the no.3 line with 574 kg ha-1

Determination Suitable Sowing Time of Different Safflower (Carthamus Tinctorius L.) Cultivars on Sanliurfa Conditions

This research was carried out to determine at suitable sowing time of different safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) cultivars on Sanliurfa conditions. The research was conducted at Koruklu Research Station of GAP Agricultural Research Institute at the three growing seasons (2007- 2008, 2008-2009, 2009-2010). The trial was established Dincer and Remzibey-05 as the kind for sub treatment and sowing time (October 30, November 15, November 30, December 15, February 20, March 7, March 22 and April 5) for the main treatment in the experiment designed as split plots in randomized blocks as 4 replications. As a result, plant height, branch number, number of heads, head 2 diameter, thousand seed weight and seed yield differences is significant (p <0.01) in terms of planting dates. The highest yield (426 kg/da) is taken I. sowing on October 30 while the lowest yield (98 kg/da) was obtained XIII. sowing on April 5 among planting dates according to the three-year averages. According to sowing time x cultivar interaction, the highest yield (447 kg/da) is taken from Remzibey – 05 variety on October 30 while the lowest yield (95 kg/da) was obtained Dincer sowing on April 5 among planting dates according to the three-year averages

Determination suitable sowing time of different safflower (Carthamus Tinctorius L.) cultivars on Sanliurfa conditions

Farklı aspir (Carthamus tinctorius L.) çeşitlerinin Şanlıurfa koşullarında uygun ekim zamanlarının belirlenmesi amacıyla yapılan bu çalışma, GAP Tarımsal Araştırma Enstitüsü Koruklu Araştırma İstasyonunda; üç farklı yetiştirme sezonunda (2007–2008, 2008–2009, 2009–2010) yürütülmüştür. Araştırma, tesadüf blokları bölünmüş parseller deneme desenine göre 4 tekrarlamalı olarak kurulmuş ve ekim zamanları (30 Ekim, 15 Kasım, 30 Kasım, 15 Aralık, 20 Şubat, 7 Mart, 22 Mart ve 5 Nisan) ana parsellere; çeşitler (Remzibey–05, Dinçer) ise alt parsellere yerleştirilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda, ekim zamanları bakımından, bitki boyu, yan dal sayısı, tabla sayısı, tabla çapı, bin tane ağırlığı ve tohum verimi arasındaki farklılıklar istatistiksel olarak önemli (p<0.01) bulunmuştur. Üç yıllık ortalamalara göre ekim zamanları arasında en yüksek tohum verimi 426 kg/da ile 30 Ekim tarihindeki I. ekim zamanından alınırken; en düşük tohum verimi ise 98 kg/da ile 5 Nisan tarihindeki VIII. ekim zamanından elde edilmiştir. Ekim zamanı x çeşit interaksiyonu bakımından üç yıllık ortalamalara göre en yüksek tohum verimi 447 kg/da ile 30 Ekim tarihinde ekilen Remzibey–05 çeşidinden alınırken, en düşük tohum verimi 95 kg/da ile 5 Nisan tarihinde ekilen Dinçer çeşidinden elde edilmiştir.This research was carried out to determine at suitable sowing time of different safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) cultivars on Sanliurfa conditions. The research was conducted at Koruklu Research Station of GAP Agricultural Research Institute at the three growing seasons (2007- 2008, 2008-2009, 2009-2010). The trial was established Dincer and Remzibey-05 as the kind for sub treatment and sowing time (October 30, November 15, November 30, December 15, February 20, March 7, March 22 and April 5) for the main treatment in the experiment designed as split plots in randomized blocks as 4 replications. As a result, plant height, branch number, number of heads, head diameter, thousand seed weight and seed yield differences is significant (p <0.01) in terms of planting dates. The highest yield (426 kg/da) is taken I. sowing on October 30 while the lowest yield (98 kg/da) was obtained XIII. sowing on April 5 among planting dates according to the three-year averages. According to sowing time x cultivar interaction, the highest yield (447 kg/da) is taken from Remzibey – 05 variety on October 30 while the lowest yield (95 kg/da) was obtained Dincer sowing on April 5 among planting dates according to the three-year averages

Kızıltepe Koşullarına Uygun Kolza Çeşitlerinin saptanması

This study was conducted to determine the suitable rapeseed cultivars on the experimental field of Mardin Province, Kızıltepe Town, Çagıl Villiage conditions in 2006-2007 growing season. According to findings of experiment, the highest plant height (175.0 cm) was obtained from Licord and the lowest plant height (131.0 cm) was obtained from Elvis, the highest 1000 seed weight (3.40 g) was obtained from Egc-102 and the lowest (2.73 g) was obtained from Licrown, the highest seed yield (203.7 kg/da) was obtained from Orkan and the lowest seed yield (171.6 kg/da) was obtained from Egc-102. The highest protein content (24.08 %) was obtained from Jura and the lowest protein content (18.40 %) was obtained from Licrown. Results from this study indicated that Orkan, and Licord cultivars in respect to yield and investigated agricultural characreristics can be grown in Mardin conditions