Therapeutic effect of bovine amniotic fluid in murine dry eye model

This study investigated the therapeutic effect of bovine amniotic fluid (BAF) in dry eye (DE) model in 60 female BALB/c mice divided equally into 6 groups. Control group (CG) received 5 μL formal saline and experimental groups 0.2% benzalkonium chloride in both eyes twice a day during 14 days. From 15 to 30 days while CG and DE group only was administered saline, other groups called BAF20, BAF35, BAF50 and BAF100 received 5 μL 20, 35, 50 and 100% BAF three times a day, respectively. On day 15, in all experimental groups tear production decreased, tear break-up time shortened, corneal fluorescein staining score increased compared to baseline; on day 30, for these parameters the most effective BAF concentrations were 35%, 50% and 100%. According to western blot analysis the lowest levels were obtained in CG and BAF35 groups for tumor necrosis factorα (TNF-α), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and cytokeratin 10 (K10); CG for adiponectin receptor-1 (AdipoR1); BAF35 and CG for adiponectin receptor-2 (AdipoR2) (P 0.05). In conclusion; moderate to high concentrations of BAF have the more beneficial effects on DE at molecular and clinical signs and it can be used for the treatment

Evaluation of the Therapeutic Effect of Bovine Amniotic Fluid in Dry Eye Mouse Model in Terms of Some Clinical and Histopathological Parameters

Bu çalışmada, kuru göz (KG) fare modelinde sığır amniyotik sıvısının (SAS) 4 farklıkonsantrasyonunun terapötik etkisinin bazı klinik ve histopatolojik parametreler yönündenaraştırılması amaçlandı. Çalışmanın materyalini rastgele ve eşit sayıda 6 gruba ayrılan 60 adetBALB/c ırkı dişi fare oluşturdu. Kontrol grubu hariç diğer 5 grubu oluşturan deneklerin her ikigözüne KG modeli oluşturmak amacıyla 14 gün süreyle günde 2 defa %0.2’lik BEK (benzalkonyumklorid)’den 5 µL damlatıldı. 15 ile 30. günler arasında ise II. gruba (KG grubu) %0.9’luk izotonikserum fizyolojik, III. gruba %20 SAS, IV. gruba %35 SAS, V. gruba %50 SAS, VI. gruba ise%100’lük SAS’tan günde 3 defa 5 µL damlatıldı. Tüm gruplar, çalışma boyunca göz kırpma sayısıve konjunktival goblet hücre sayısı; çalışma sonunda ise histopatolojik olarak korneal epitelyalkalınlık, korneal damarlaşma ve yangısal hücre sayısı parametreleri yönünden değerlendirildi.Çalışma sonunda en etkili sonuçlar, göz kırpma sayısı için %35, %50 ve %100 SAS, konjunktivalgoblet hücre sayısı için %35 SAS gruplarında alındı. KG grubu deneklerin korneal epitelyaltabakalarının kontrol grubuna göre belirgin şekilde inceldiği, korneal damarlaşma ve yangısal hücresayılarının ise arttığı saptandı. Bu parametrelere göre en etkili sonuçlar %35 ve %50 SASgruplarında alındı. Bu sonuçlar, SAS’ın orta ve yüksek konsantrasyonlarının KG’nin klinik vehücresel belirtileri üzerine faydalı etkileri olduğunu göstermektedir.In this study, we aimed to investigate the therapeutic effect of 4 different concentrations of bovine amniotic fluid (BAF) in a dry eye (DE) mouse model in terms of some clinical and histological parameters. The material of the study consisted of 60 BALB/c female mice that were randomly divided into 6 groups with equal numbers. In both eyes of the other 5 groups except the control were instilled 5 µL 0.2% BAC BAC (benzalkonium chloride),, twice a day for 14 days in order to form a DE model. Between 15th and 30th days, group 2 (DE group) received 5 µL 0.9% isotonic saline, group 3 20% BAF, group 4 35% BAF, group 5 50% BAF and group 6 100% BAF, three times a day. All groups were evaluated regarding blink rate and conjunctival goblet cell count during the study. Corneal epithelial thickness, corneal vascularization and inflammatory cells count were assessed by histopathological examination in all groups at the end of study. At the end of the study, the most effective results were obtained in 35%, 50% and 100% BAF for the blink rate; and in 35% BAF groups for conjunctival goblet cell count. It was determined that the corneal epithelial layers of the DE group subjects were significantly thinner and corneal vascularization and inflammatory cell count were increased. According to these parameters, the most effective results were obtained in 35% and 50% BAF groups. These results suggest that moderate and high concentrations of BAF have beneficial effects on clinical and cellular symptoms of DE

Evaluation of cardiac troponin I in serum and myocardium of rabbits with experimentally induced polymicrobial sepsis

Sepsis is a potentially life-threatening condition, and it is frequently complicated by myocardial damage. Data on myocardial damage in rabbit caecal ligation and puncture (CLP) models are limited, although numerous animal models have been used to study sepsis-associated myocardial damage. This study aimed to investigate the effect of CLP on cardiac muscle by measuring serum cardiac troponin I (cTnI) concentrations and by detecting both histopathological changes and cTnI immunoreactivity in cardiomyocytes in rabbits. After CLP was performed in rabbits, blood samples were taken from the jugular vein at 0, 4, 8, and 12 h for haematological and biochemical analyses. At the end of the experiment, all of the rabbits were euthanised to examine the histopathological changes and the cTnI immunoreactivity in cardiac muscle tissue. No changes in serum cTnI concentration were observed in the experimental group (EG) or control group (CG) at 0 and 4 h. In EG, the mean serum cTnI concentrations were 0.230 ± 0.209 and 1.177 ± 0.971 ng/ml at 8 and 12 h, respectively. In CG, the mean serum cTnI concentrations were 0.032 ± 0.014 and 0.031 ± 0.021 ng/ml at 8 and 12 h, respectively. Moreover, cytoplasmic cTnI immunoreactivity decreased in EG compared with that in CG (P<0.01). The results demonstrated that CLP induced a systemic inflammatory response and caused myocardial damage in rabbits

Subacute aflatoxicosis due to moldy bread consumption in a dog

Kaya, Ertugrul/0000-0003-0081-682XWOS: 000365546700003A 2-year-old male Anatolian shepherd dog was delivered to Firat University veterinary emergency service in a comatose state with a history of anorexia and was in poor general condition with icterus, epistaxis and melena. Marked elevation of alanine aminotransferase (474 IU/L), alkaline phosphatase (463 IU/L), hyperbilirubinemia (9.15 mg/dl) and blood urea nitrogen (192 mg/dl) were highly suggestive of hepato-renal failure. Despite intravascular supportive fluid administration, the dog died two hours after arrival. This patient was the fourth dog to die from the same farm within an eight day period. The necropsy revealed severe diffuse icterus, severe and diffuse intestinal intraluminal hemorrhage, unclotted hemorrhagic fluid in the thoracic and abdominal cavities, enhanced lobular pattern in the liver, mesenteric arterial thrombosis, diffuse splenic, pancreatic and gastrointestinal edema and plant material in the stomach. The main histological findings in the liver included centrilobular hemorrhagic necrosis, degenerative changes, moderate cytomegaly, cholestasis and regenerative nodule formation. Aflatoxin exposure was confirmed by determining the levels of aflatoxins (B1, B2, G1, G2) or their metabolite (M1) in the bread included in the dog's diet (AFB1: 326 mu g/kg, AFB2: 142 mu g/kg, AFG1: 1542 mu g/kg, AFG2:1151 mu g/kg, AFM1:72 mu g/kg), in the liver (AFB1: 0.35 mu g/kg, AFG1: 0.32 mu g/kg, AFG2: 0.75 mu g/kg, AFM1: 1.70 mu g/kg) and in the urine (AFG2: 2.55 mu g/kg, AFM1: 8.60 mu g/kg) by HPLC. Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus were isolated from bread samples. Tests for leptospirosis, adenovirus infection and mushroom intoxication (alpha, beta and gamma amanitins) were all negative. Unique morphological changes including mesenteric arterial thrombosis and renal tubular megalocytosis have not been reported before in association with canine aflatoxicosis

Biocompatibility of NiTi Alloy Implants in vivo

In this study, the powders of Ni and Ti with 50.5 at.% Ni for 12 h were blended and cold pressed at the different pressures (50, 75 and100 MPa).The porous product obtained after Ni-Ti compacts were synthesized by SHS (self-propagating hightemperature synthesis) in the different preheating temperatures (200, 250 and 300oC) and heating rates (30, 60 and 90oC/min). The effects of the pressure, preheating temperature and heating rate were investigated on biocompatibility in vivo. The porosity in the synthesized products was in the range of 50.7–59.7 vol. %. The pressure, preheating temperature and heating rate were found to have an important effect on the biocompatibility in-vivo of the synthesized products. Max. fibrotic tissue within the porous implant was found in vivo periods (6 months), in which compacting pressure 100MPa