Presenting a Population-based Multiple Sclerosis Registry for Iran

 Introduction: Worldwide prevalence of Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is growing, and given the huge burden on the patient, the community and the healthcare system, prevention interventions and symptom management in order to improving the quality of life of these patients are of utmost importance. One of the most important strategies in this regard is providing the existence of an MS population-based registry. Accordingly, this research was aimed at providing a population-based MS registry model.Materials and Methods: This is a qualitative study, carried out within the years 2016 and 2017. The population of the present study consisted of models of multiple sclerosis population registries. In this study, a model was provided using library resources, informational networks and information retrieval from databases of PubMed, Google Scholar, Springer, Science direct, and Wiley and also through studying the registry of developed countries. Then, this model using Delphi technique and questionnaire tool was validated and after data analysis, the final model was presented.Results: In the present study, a demographic MS registry model including the following eight main criteria was proposed: registry goals, data sources, minimum data set, data set, data processing, various types of reports, quality control measures and patient follow-up procedures. Conclusion: Considering the prevalence of MS in Iran and the need for optimal data management, it is recommended that measures be taken to establish and use a national MS population-based registry and be one of the priorities of the Ministry of Health and Medical Education. 

Lessons Learned from the Population-Based Multiple Sclerosis Registries in the Developed Countries

Context: The prevalence of Multiple Sclerosis (MS) in the world has grown and has attracted particular attention on the international level and governments, has considered prevention interventions and managing the symptoms of the disease to reduce the economic burden and has improved the quality of life of these patients necessary. One of the most important strategies in this field is MS population-based registry. Accordingly, this study was designed to identify the components of MS population-based registries within the developed countries.Evidence Acquisition: The present study is a review article that was conducted in 2018. The population of the study consisted of MS population-based registry systems of developed countries such as USA, France, and Denmark. Based on the combination of related keywords, about 60 papers appropriately and after extraction, categorization and integration were formulated in the form of proper sequence for the purpose of the study.Results: The main components of MS population-based registries in developed countries included registry goals, information resources, Minimum Data Sets (MDS), types of processes, types of reports, quality control measures, data transmission time limits, responsible for recording and collecting data, responsible organization and executor, data transmission method and the privacy practicesConclusion: With regard to the results, it is suggested that the developing countries must consider creating an MS population-based registry as a national program due to their health system and the MS population-based registries structure in developed countries, so that they can adopt a suitable strategy for preventing and controlling the disease

CO2 Laser Photothermal Effects on Rats Skin Tissues

Spectroscopic and histological study of CO2 laser interaction with rats tissues were carried out. We detected for the first time the changes in optical absorption spectra of rat's tissues with selective CO2 laser optical densities ranging from 20.64 to 34.40W/cm2. The laser exposed tissues show higher absorbance in hemoglobin than that for the unexposed tissue. Using the same laser and same optical densities, the absorption spectra of fresh blood were measured. Much intense peaks of hemoglobin than that for the corresponding peaks for the tissue were detected. A scheme based on recent experimental findings is proposed for explanation of this novel phenomenon. The histological study shows thermal damage of blood vessels localized at the dermis layer. At high laser optical densities a vessel rupture with hemorrhage were occurred. The results indicate a pronounced modification of skin absorption properties by laser irradiation. Such an effect is due to thermally induced biophysical and biochemical processes inside the highly heterogeneous tissue structure. Keywords: CO2 laser, Photothermal effects, Hemoglobin absorption, Histolog

Semantic Relations in the I of " The Statement Approach to Reveal the Meanings of the Holy Quran" Koran to Shibani

      أهمية هذا البحث تكمن في تسليط الضوء على كتاب مغمور وإخراجه للعلن، لما فيه من مادة علمية ولغوية تستحق الدراسة، فتناولنا فيه العلاقات الدّلالية التي لها أثر كبير في تأدية المعنى، فتضمن البحث عدة مظاهر، وهي: (التّرادف، والوجوه والنّظائر، والمشترك اللفظي، والأضداد، والفروق اللغوية).      The importance of this research lies in shedding light on a submerged book and taking it out to the public, because of the scientific and linguistic material worthy of study, we dealt with semantic relationships that have a significant impact in the performance of the meaning, the research included several aspects, namely: (Tandem, faces and isotopes, verbal, opposites, and linguistic differences)

The Contextual Effect in Interpreting " The Statement Approach for Revealing the Meanings of the Qur'an of Al-Shibani

      هذا البحث يشكل التّعريف بكتاب مغمور، لم تُسلّط عليه الأضواء، فهو بحث في كتاب تحتاجه المكتبة العربية، إذ يمكن أن يكون مرجعاً لدراسات مستقبلية قادمة، والمكتبة العلمية بحاجة إلى كتبلم تدرس بالعرض والتّحليل.تناولنا فيه السّياق؛ لغة واصطلاحاً، والسّياق اللغوي (سياق المقال) وأثره في تأدية المعنى، والسّياق غير اللغوي (سياق الحال)، وتضمّن عدة مظاهر، وهي: (أسباب النزول، والناسخ والمنسوخ، والمكي والمدني، وضرب الأمثال، وعقيدة المفسر).    This research constitutes the definition of an obscure book، which was not shed light on it، it is a search in a book needed by the Arab Library، as it can be a reference for future studies coming، and the scientific library needs books that were not studied by presentation and analysis، so we dealt with the context as a language and terminology، and the linguistic context (the context of the article) And its effect on the performance of the meaning and the non-linguistic context (context of the case)، and it included several aspects، namely: (the reasons for the descent، the burner and the abrogated، the Meccan and the civil، and the parable of proverbs، and the doctrine of the interpreter)

Information Governance Program: A Review of Applications in Healthcare

 Context: The healthcare in different countries faces challenges in enhancing the quality of services and reducing the costs. Information governance provides a tool for effective and efficient management of information, the use of which contributes to improved productivity, and effectiveness of services and reduced costs. Identifying the applications and benefits of using this tool paves the way for its accurate and effective deployment in a variety of healthcare organizations. This study was conducted to identify and classify the applications of information governance program within healthcare systems. Evidence Acquisition: The study reviewed English studies related to the information governance applications in healthcare published during 2000 and 2017. The publications were identified by searching the Pub Med, Google Scholar, ProQuest, Scopus and Science Direct databases. The key words included, but not restricted to, information governance, health information governance, information governance program and impacts of information governance in health care. Having completed the search, 128 studies were retrieved, of which 23 were reviewed. Results: The Information Governance program applications were categorized into five general groups, including improving healthcare and patient safety, reducing the costs, enhancing the quality of data and information healthcare, enhancing the security and confidentiality of patient information, improving the management of information and healthcare organizations.Conclusion: Through developing and implementing of Health Information Governance programs, updating information and upgrading information technologies, healthcare organizations could improve the quality of healthcare services and reduce the subsequent costs to achieve competitive advantages. 

The prophylactic effect of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) fruit extract on testicular toxicity induced by formaldehyde: An experimental study

Background: Formaldehyde (FA) is one of the most widely used materials in industries and in sciences. Prolonged contact with FA might have harmful effects on fertility due to the increase in the reactive oxygen species level. On the other hand, date palm (Phoenix Dactilifera L.) fruit extract (DPFE) contains a high concentration of natural antioxidants that could scavenge free radicals. Objective: The aim was to investigate the prophylactic effects of DPFE, with strong antioxidant properties, on FA-induced testicular toxicity in male mice. Materials and Methods: Thirty-two adult NMRI male mice with a weight range of 25- 35 gr (9-10 wk old) were randomly divided into four groups: control group (distilled water, orally for 35 days), FA group (FA; 0.25 mg/kg intraperitoneally (i.p.) for 20 days), treatment group (Date (DT) + FA; DPFE, 4 mg/kg for 35 days followed by FA administration, 0.25 mg/kg, i.p., for 20 days), date fruit extract group (DT; DPFE, 4 mg/kg, orally for 35 days). After this, blood was collected and left epididymis and testis tissues were isolated to evaluate the sperm parameters and histological examination, respectively. Results: The FA administration increased the sperm morphological anomalies and reduced the sperm count, viability and motility, and also testosterone compared to the control group (p ≤ 0.001). In addition, histological studies of the testes showed that FA causes changes in the testis seminiferous tubules such as destruction of germinal epithelium and vacuolization of the tubules. The DPFE consumption before FA administration could partially ameliorate the reduced testosterone, sperm, and testicular parameters due to FA. Conclusion: The DPFE use might have discount effects on FA-induced testicular toxicity. Key words: Formaldehyde, Date fruit, Testis, Toxicity, Sperm, Testosterone

Designing an Architectural Model of Crisis Management Information System for Natural Disasters in Iran

Introduction: The crisis management information system (CMIS) is a mission-critical system that enables the crisis management team for understanding, diagnosing, interpreting, analyzing, structuring, and making decisions faster by providing timely and high-quality information at the right time. The purpose of this research is to provide an architectural model of a CMIS for managing natural disasters in the process of finding trapped victims and relieving them. Materials and Methods: This applied study was conducted in 2020 in two stages. First, data on CMIS used in selected countries were collected from electronic resources and digital libraries and were then analyzed. Next, a preliminary model of CMIS architecture including three aspects of informational content, applications, and technological requirements, was prepared using these systems and experts’ interviews. Finally, the architectural model of CMIS validated by the Delphi technique and the focus group. Results: The analysis of experts in three rounds of Delphi test for three aspects of informational content, applications and technological requirements in the architectural model was performed with the presence of experts at the national level and the consensus rate over 75% was obtained for 7 modules and 28 proposed components of the CMIS. Conclusion: The architecture of information systems has a direct impact on the performance of these systems. Using an appropriate architecture for CMIS can be an effective step towards reducing the costs and consequences of crises in Iran and countries with similar conditions and have a significant impact on saving human lives in emergency situations

The Role of Hyposthenuria in Enuresis among Paediatric Patients with Sickle Cell Disease

Objectives: Enuresis in children with sickle cell disease (SCD) is common. Many risk factors have been postulated but its relation to hyposthenuria is debatable. This study aims to determine the prevalence of enuresis inchildren with SCD in Basrah, Iraq and to examine its relation with hyposthenuria. Methods: A cross-sectional epidemiological study was performed on children with SCD who met the inclusion criteria at the Basrah Center for Hereditary Blood Diseases over the period from the first of December 2020 through May 2021. A questionnaire was used to collect relevant data. Blood samples were tested for hemoglobin genotype, certain blood indices, and serum hemoglobin. Urine was tested for albumin and creatinine, and the specific gravity was measured using urine dipsticks. The relationships between enuresis and various sociodemographic and clinical variables were assessed. Binary logistic regression analysis was done to examine the independent risk factors of enuresis. Results: Out of 200 eligible children, 161 were studied after exclusion of 39 based on the exclusion criteria, yielding an 80.5% response rate, 60.9% of them were males. The mean age of the participants was 10.9 ± 2.9 years. Enuresis was reported in 50 (31.1%) patients. The independent risk factors for enuresis were; family history of enuresis (OR, 5.94; 95% CI, 2.54-13.89; P<0.001), hyposthenuria (OR, 3.76, 95% CI, 1.25-11.30; P= 0.018), and sleep disorders (OR, 2.90; 95% CI, 0.19-7.06; P= 0.019). Conclusion: Enuresis is common among children with SCD. Hyposthenuria was significantly associated with enuresis. Family history of enuresis, and sleep disorders were also found to be significantly related to enuresis. Keywords: Enuresis, sickle cell disease, children, prevalence, hyposthenuri