Effect of Preoperative Mastoid Ventilation on Tympanoplasty Success

Purpose. This study was conducted with the aim of investigating the relationship between mastoid air cell volumes and graft success after tympanoplasty. Material and Methods. This study was performed retrospectively with patients undergoing type I tympanoplasty and antrostomy. A total of 57 patients (20–35.09% female and 37–64.91% male) with a mean age of 29.69±SD (range 12–56 years) were included in the study. The patients were invited for a control at the 1st, 3rd, and 12th months, and otoscopic examinations and audiometric tests were performed. The temporal bone computed tomography images were screened with the 4800 Dpi optic resolution scanner and transferred to the computer environment in JPG format in order to calculate the mastoid air cell volume, and the volumes were calculated using the Autocad 2007 program. Results. Although, the graft success was determined to be better in the well-ventilated group, no significant difference could be found between the groups in terms of graft success at the 1st, 3rd, and 12th months (P>0.05). No statistically significant difference could be found between the three groups in terms of the preoperative and postoperative hearing gains (P>0.05)

Psammomatoid variant of juvenile ossifying fibroma

Juvenile ossifying fibroma (JOF) is a rare benign tumor of the craniofacial bones differing from other fibro-osseous lesions in terms of early age of onset, aggressive clinical behavior, and high recurrence rate. Histopathologically, it is divided into two as trabecular JOF (TrJOF) and psammomatoid JOF (PsJOF). In PsJOF, psammoma-like spherical ossicles constitute pathognomonic histopathological images, whereas TrJOF has trabeculae of fibrillary osteoid and woven bone. Despite the histopathologic separation, both lesions have similar clinical behavior, thus the treatment procedure is also the same. Complete surgical resection is preferred for the treatment. We report a rare case of PsJOF involving the maxillary sinus and resultant facial symmetry in a 13-year-old female child

The Impact of Type II Diabetes on Tongue Dysplasia and p16-Related Aging Process: An Experimental Study

Objective. To evaluate the effect of streptozotocin-induced experimental diabetes mellitus on p16, p53, Ki67, and Bcl2 expressions and histopathological changes in the tongue of the rats. Material and Methods. Twenty-two adult female Sprague-Dawley rats were used. The rats were randomly divided into 2 groups (n=14) as control (C) (n=8) and diabetic (DM) (n=6). The rats in the DM group were given streptozotocin as a single intraperitoneal dose for induction of diabetes. Histopathological and immunohistochemical evaluations of formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissue sections of the tongue were used. Results. Significant differences were observed between the DM group and the control group in terms of epithelial thickness, length of filiform papillae, and width of filiform papillae (p=0.005, p=0.001, and p=0.006, respectively). There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of mononuclear inflammatory cell infiltration, capillary proliferation, and dysplasia (p=0.204, p=0.244, and p=0.204, respectively). As a result of immunohistochemical studies, no significant difference was found between the groups in terms of p53, Ki67, and Bcl-2 expressions (p=0.588, p=0.662, and p=0.686, respectively). A significant difference was found between the groups when p16 expression was evaluated (p=0.006). Conclusions. In our study, streptozotocin-induced experimental diabetes mellitus induced p16 expression but did not show any difference in p53, Bcl-2, and Ki67 levels. It should be considered in the studies that the pathological changes at the early stages of the relationship between DM and oral cancer may be related to p16 expression; however, it may also be linked with p16-related aging process

Selenium partially prevents cisplatin-induced neurotoxicity: A preliminary study

Cisplatin is an anticancer drug and it has neurotoxic effects. On the other hand, the neuroprotective effectof selenium was observed in previous studies. However, the effect of selenium on cisplatin-inducedneurotoxicity has not been studied yet. Therefore, we aimed to investigate whether selenium preventcisplatin-induced neurotoxicity. Twenty-one male Wistar albino rats were divided into three groups:control (C), cisplatin (CS), cisplatin and selenium (CSE, n = 7 in each group). Cisplatin (12 mg/kg/day, i.p.)was administered for 3 days to CS and CSE groups. Also, CSE group received via oral gavage 3 mg/kg/day(twice-a-day as 1.5 mg/kg) selenium 5 days before of cisplatin injection and continued for 11consecutive days. The same volumes of saline were intraperitoneally and orally administered to C groupat same time. At the end of experimental protocol, electrophysiological and histopathologicalexaminations were performed. The nerve conduction velocity, amplitude of compound action potentialand number of axon of CS group were signi?cantly lower than the C group. However, the sameparameters of CSE group were signi?cantly higher than the CS group. Although, cisplatin has a peripheralneurotoxic effect in rats, this effect was partially prevented by selenium treatment. Thus, it appears thatco-administration of selenium and cisplatin may be a useful approach to decrease severity of peripheralneurotoxicity.</p