SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY FOR THE REGION OF CAMBAI SUB-DISTRICT, PRABUMULIH ADMINISTRATIVE CITY

Science and technology for the region of Cambai sub-district,  Prabumulih Administrative city communities have been conducted from February to December 2010.  The programs included training and demonstration  as well as establishment of “Demplotâ€.  The programs which have been conducted were training and demonstration of organic horticultural farming system, integrated organic farming, organic fertilizer, fish farming, chicken stock (ayam arab), and processing of fish feed and poultry feed. The programs were conducted integratedly with related institution of local goverment, university partner (Universitas Palembang) and Sriwijaya University.  Several academic staff and students were also involved during implementation programs. The results showed that there were significantly increased in skills and knowledge of farmers especially in producing organic fertilizer, organic vegetables, integrated organic farming system, fish farming  and chicken stock (ayam arab) in  better ways.  Vegetable productions especially Kangkung, bayam, timun, terung were increased significantly compared to previous farming activitities which were not using organic fertilizer.  In addition, farmers have capabilities to produce self fish feed and poultry feed without purchasing from the stores which were very expensive.  Furthermore, the activity of  target farmer groups were also improved in such a way which could make them more established in order to increase their income in agriculture production activities

Peningkatan Toleransi Rendaman Padi Lokal Rawa Lebak dengan Introgresi Gen Sub1

ABSTRACTOne of efforts to increase rice production at swamp area which is frequently flooded is the use of submergence tolerant rice varieties. The objectives of this research was to improve plant tolerance after submergence stress for 14 days in BC1F1 of crosses between local superior varieties and Sub1 gen donor (FR13A). The studies were carried out in two stages: 1) Crossing local superior varieties, i.e., Pegagan (Pgn), Siam (Sm), Payak Selimbuk (Pys), dan Pelita Rampak (Plr) to submergence tolerant variety FR13A; and 2) submergence tolerance evaluation of the progeny. The first study was conducted at green house of Graduate Study Sriwijaya University, Palembang. The second study was carried out at field experiment of Central Research and Development of Agricultural Biotechnology and Genetic Resources in Bogor. All studies were conducted from March 2011 until March 2013. The first study was the introgression of Sub1 gene into local genotypes Payak Selimbuk, Pegagan, Siam and Pelita Rampak from FR13A. The second study was evaluation of BC1F1 plant performance after submergence treatment for 14 days. The results showed that introgression of Sub1 gene into local varieties improved submergence tolerance as indicated by higher percentage of survived plants, lower decrease of plant dry weight, and lower decrease of grain weight per panicle compared to parents.Keywords: Sub1 gene, local swamp rice, submergence toleran

Increasing the Growth and Production of Irrigated Rice Through the Integrated Application of Rice–Duck–Azolla

The application of integrated agriculture is an effort to reduce dependence up on agrochemicals and increase the absorption of nutrients, especially nitrogen, to increase plant growth and production. Azolla is an algae that can provide nitrogen for rice, while ducks can increase the availability of N, P, and K, as well as the efficiency of nitrogen use. This research aimed to evaluate the role of ducks and Azolla in increasing the growth and production of rice plants. This research was conducted from October 2018 to February 2019 using an experimental method with a nonfactorial randomized block design. The combinations of nitrogen fertilizers, Azolla, and ducks (K) were as follows: K1 = 115 kg N ha−1, without ducks, without Azolla; K2 = 86 kg N ha−1, without ducks, 1,000 kg Azolla ha−1; K3 = 86 kg N ha−1, 3,000 ducks ha−1, 1,000 kg Azolla ha−1; K4 = 58 kg N ha−1, 3,000 ducks ha−1, 1,000 kg Azolla ha−1; K5 = 29 kg N ha−1, 3,000 ducks ha−1, 1,000 kg Azolla ha−1; and K6 = without N fertilizer, 3,000 ducks ha−1, 1,000 kg Azolla ha−1. The results showed that the application of 58 kg N ha−1, 3,000 ducks ha−1, and 1,000 kg Azolla ha−1 (K4) was able to decrease the N fertilizer application by 50% and increase the rice growth and yield by 12.17% and 20.32%, respectively. Therefore, the integrated application of rice–duck–Azolla would support sustainable agriculture

The Effect of Plant Growth Regulator on Duku (Lansium domesticum Corr.) Flower for Fruit Formation

Plant growth regulators have a significant impact on increasing both quality and quantity of plant yield for either mixed or separated application. The research was aimed to identify the effect of spraying  plant growth regulators on duku flowers for fruit formation. The research was conducted from December 2014 to May 2015 in Sijacarana Local Technical Implementation Unit (UPTD) of Propagation, South Sumatra Province in Ogan Komering Ulu (OKU) Timur Regency. Duku tree used was 15 years old with the height around 10 meter. Complete Randomized Design was used with 3 replications where duku trees as the replicates. The spraying  consisted of 3 single plant growth regulator treatments and 6 mixed treatments which were P1 (BAP 300 mg.L-1), P2 (NAA 300 mg.L-1), P3 (GA3 300 mg.L-1), P4 (BAP 100 mg. L-1 + GA3 200 mg.L-1), P5 (BAP 200 mg.L-1 + GA3 100 mg.L-1), P6 (BAP 150 mg.L-1 + GA3 150 mg.L-1), P7 (NAA 100 mg.L-1 + GA3 200 mg.L-1), P8 (NAA 200 mg.L-1 + GA3 100 mg.L-1), P9 (NAA 150 mg.L-1 + GA3 150 mg.L-1). Spraying was applied twice with a half dosage for each application. First application was performed about one month after flowering, and the second was one and a half month after flowering. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance and least significance difference at α 5%. The measurement of parameters were carried after harvest or 3 months after treatment. Results showed that plant growth regulator positively affected duku fruit formation. GA3 treatment then was considered as the best treatment as it had a unison in fruit maturity, the highest number of fruit per bunch, weight per fruit and total fruit weight per bunch, and had the lowest number of green fruit and seed per fruit

In-situ Evaluation of Growth Rate and Yield Components of Several Non-tidal Swamp Rice Accessions in South Sumatera

Halimi et al. 2012. In-situ Evaluation of Growth Rate and Yield Components of  Several Non-tidal Swamp Rice Accessions in South Sumatera. JLSO 1(2):107-115Rapid increase of agricultural land conversion has led to the intensified utilization of  non-tidal swamp. The objective of this research was to identify growth rate and yield components of several rice accessions of non-tidal lowland swamp of South Sumatera. This research incorporated the cultivation of nine rice accessions  in  non-tidal swamp area. Research plots were prepared  by local farmers to include  27 plots of 280 cm x 80 cm following the Complete  Randomized Block Design.  Research indicated that rice accessions might be classified into 3 groups of Low Growth Rate (LGRA), Intermediate Growth Rate (IGRA), and High Growth Rate (HGRA) accessions.  Each group has different growth rate according to the field water level during flooding season of < 5 cm, 5 to 6 cm, and >6 cm  per week, respectively. The LGRA group consisted of  Petek (A5) and Senia (A6), the IGRA group consisted of Bone (A1), Pelita Rampak (A2), and Sawo Rimbo (A7) and the HGRA group consisted of Kuning (A3), Siam (A4), Sawah Beling (A8) and Putih Olak (A9). Some yield components tended to decrease as the growth rate increased, and some varied depending on the accessions. For effective and efficient cultivation, farmers should apparently consider growth rate and yield potential to decide which rice accessions to grow

Rice Seedling Resistance due to Seed Priming and Seeding Density under Submergence Stress Condition

The study of rice seedling resistance due to seed priming and seeding density under submergence stress condition was carried out to evaluate the effect of seed priming and also to estimate proper seeding population density to improve rice seedlings vigor under submergence stress condition. The experiment was conducted in tidal freshwater swamp of Sako in Rambutan District, Banyuasin Regency (3.067° S, 104.8616° E). Randomized block design was used where the seeds were soaked into ZnSO4.7H2O solution as priming treatment, and then sown with three different seeding rates: 30, 40 and 50 kg ha-1. Three cultivars consisted of Inpara 3, Inpara 5 and Ciherang were tested. The observation was carried out until 4 weeks after sowing to measure the seedling height, shoot dry weight, carbohydrate content in stem, and leaf chlorophyll. Results showed that all treatments indicated insignificant effect to all parameters. However, the highest result from all parameters was obtained from priming treatment. The higher seeding density the lower dry weight, carbohydrate and chlorophyll content. All three tested cultivars, Inpara 3 gave the best performance.

Karakter Agronomi dan Fisiologi Varietas Cabai Merah pada Kondisi Cekaman Genangan

The research objective was to study the agronomic and physiological characteristics of red chilli (Capsicum annuumL.) varieties under waterlogging stress. These studies were conducted at two locations: in Palembang, South Sumatra, from February to August 2010 and in Bogor in West Java, from September to November 2010. Experiments in Palembang was using split plot design with three replications. The main plot was waterlogging treatment for 1, 2, 3 and 4 days. The subplot was red chilli varieties: Kiyo F1, Riawan, Ferosa, Bravo F1 and Laris. Experiments in Bogor was conducted without the use of experimental design; the same plant varieties were waterlogged for 2 and 4 days. The results showed that waterlogging caused root damages on all varieties. Kiyo F1 had better agronomic characters and high levels of tolerance than other varieties. The content of ethylene in all varieties increased with increasing time of waterlogging, except for Laris. In all varieties both leaf chlorophyll and tissue N content tend to decline with the increase in waterlogging duration. However Bravo F1 experienced an increase in the chlorophyll content whereas Kiyo F1 had an increase in N in the plant tissue. Keywords: agronomic character, physiological character, red chili, waterloggin

Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Bayam (Amaranthus sp) pada Berbagai Komposisi Nutrisi Alternatif Pengganti AB Mix dengan Sistem Hidroponik Deep Flow Technique

Gustiar F, Munandar M, Aprilia NR, Hasmeda M, Amar M, Arsi A. 2021. Growth and Yield of Spinach (Amaranthus sp) in various compositions of Alternative Nutrients to replace AB Mix with Hydroponic System.  In: Herlinda S et al. (Eds.), Prosiding Seminar Nasional Lahan Suboptimal ke-9 Tahun 2021, Palembang  20 Oktober 2021. pp. 931-940 . Palembang: Penerbit & Percetakan Universitas Sriwijaya (UNSRI). The high cost of AB Mix hydroponic nutrients, so there is a need for alternative growth nutrients that are cheaper and easily available. Aim of this research was to determine the hydroponic nutrition substitute for AB mix for the growth of spinach (Amaranthus sp). This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) method with four hydroponic nutrition treatments with different ingredients. The treatments given were AB mix fertilizer, NPK-based nutrition, single fertilizer-based nutrition, and organic nutrients. hydroponic nutrient constituents are calculated based on the needs of leaf vegetable plants. Needs Parameters observed were plant height (cm), number of leaves, leaf greenery level, leaf area (cm2), root volume (ml3), plant fresh weight (g), plant dry weight (g), and nitrogen concentration (N) at leaf. Based on the observation of growth parameters, AB mix nutrition treatment showed the best results. However, the fresh weight parameter of the single fertilizer-based nutrient treatment showed results that were not significantly different from the ABmix treatment. In addition to providing the highest yield, the lowest cost requirement is 1 liter of concentrate at a cost of 44,302 IDR so that single fertilizer-based hydroponic nutrients can be recommended as an alternative to AB Mix nutrition

Priming Benih Padi (Oryza Sativa L.) dengan Zn untuk Meningkatkan Vigor Bibit pada Cekaman Terendam

Seed priming has been widely used to improve seedling vigor of several crops such as corn, wheat, and rice. Seed priming with zinc to increase seedling tolerance on submergence stress had never been evaluated. The objective of this research was to identify agronomical and physiological characteristics of several rice genotypes during seedling stage at submergence stress following zinc priming treatment. This research used factorial randomized block design with three replications. The first factor was rice genotypes and second factor was zinc solution of ZnSO4.7H2O. Seeds were soaked with Zn solution at different concentrations namely 0, 2.5, dan 5.0 mM respectively for 24 hours. After that the seeds were germinated on soil media in side the plastic box. Fourteen days-old seedling were submerged in water for 5 days and then return to normal condition for recovery. Parameters being observed included seedling dry weight, shoot carbohydrate, and leaves chlorophyl which were measured after 10 days of recovery. Seedling height was measured once a week from 2nd to 4th week. Results showed that intolerant genotypes to submergence stress grew faster but seedling dry weight, shoot carbohydrate and leaves chlorophyll content were lower compared to those tolerant genotypes. Local and national varieties which were not tolerant to submergence stress could be improved by priming treatment with 5.0mM zinc

Upaya Peningkatan Pemulihan Tanaman Padi Terhadap Cekaman Terendam Melalui Perlakuan Pemupukan Setelah Terendam

Plants get stressed shortly after submerged, to improve the recovery and subsequent metabolic processes as well as internal repairs required plant availability of adequate carbohydrate reserves after submerged. Giving fertilization treatment after being submerged is an effort to improve plant recovery after being submerged. This study was aimed to obtain the best fertilization to increase rice recovery to submergence stress through the fertilization after being submerged. The experimental design used was factorial completely randomized design with three replications. The factor consists of rice varieties (Inpara 3 dan IR 64) and treatment (N): Without soaking, basic fertilization (N1), submerged 7-14 DAP (fertilization of N, P2O5, K2O (N2), and fertilization of N, P2O5, K2O + (Si + Zn) (N3), as well as fertilization of N, P2O5, K2O + PPC micro (N4)) given 7 days after submerged, the submerged 7-14 and 28-35 DAP (N, P2O5, K2O (N5), and fertilization of N, P2O5, K2O + (Si + Zn) (N6) and fertilization of N, P2O5, K2O + PPC micro (N7)) given 7 days after the first submerged. The results showed that the growth and grain yield decreased with more frequent of rice plants in stress submerged condition. Fertilization can improve recovery after being submerged rice plants, where the best recovery obtained on varieties of rice plants treated with fertilization of N, P2O5 and K2O + PPC micro 7 days after being submerged