Development of Higher Education in Albania: The Case of the Public University Libraries in Efforts to Build Digital and Electronic Services for the Academic Community

Between the obligation of carrying out their mission to ensure the quality development of higher education and the right to function as important centers where knowledge is taken, developed and transmitted, this paper will examine the technological developments of university libraries as an important part of higher education. Digital and electronic experiences applied in Albanian universities libraries will be brought to the attention of the public. This paper is based on the questionnaire survey conducted at public university libraries in Albania. Opinions of librarians regarding ICT application were elicited using a structured questionnaire, followed up with interviews. In the case of non-response by libraries is consulted their official web sites to have a more complete information. In addition, secondary sources were consulted as domestic and foreign literature in this field. Results show that: 1) the level of application information technology in public university libraries in Albania is acceptable. The most important and serious problem is the lack of the unique University Library ICT Policy; 2) serious handicap is the lack of educated librarians in using information technology; 3) the proportion of university library activity goes more digital, so the digital collection becomes reality in the public university libraries. This paper brings conclusions that contribute to: a) national information communication technology policy for university libraries and b) the creation of an integrated system for management and transmission of knowledge at the national level for all Albanian university libraries

PENGARUH WEBSITE MARKETINGTERHADAP KEPUTUSAN MENGINAP DI HOTEL IBIS BANDUNG PASTEUR : survei terhadap tamu individu yang menginap dan melakukan booking online di website Hotel Ibis Bandung Pasteur

Industri perhotelan merupakan industri yang penting dalam kegiatan pariwisata karena dapat memberikan kontribusi besar bagi sektor pariwisata. Hotel Ibis Bandung Pasteur sebagai salah satu international chainhotel bintang tiga di Kota Bandung selalu berupaya untuk mempertahankan dan meningkatkan segala aspek penting yang menyangkut tujuan utama hotel salahsatunya mendapatkan profitabilitas. Masalah yang dihadapi oleh Hotel Ibis Bandung Pasteur adalah penurunanjumlahtamu yang melakukanbooking onlinemelaluiwebsite dan tidak mencapai target. Oleh karena itu Hotel Ibis Bandung Pasteur harus memiliki strategi untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut. Dengan demikian peneliti memilih website marketing sebagai salah satu solusi yang dapat diterapkan untuk meningkatkan tingkat keputusan menginap. Dalam penelitian ini variabel indipenden (X) yang digunakan yaitu website marketing yang terdiri dari information, communication, dan transaction. Variabel dependen (Y) yaitu keputusan menginap tamu individu. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif dan verifikatif dengan metode yang digunakan adalah explanatory surveydanpendekatancross sectional.Sampeldalampenelitianinisebanyak 110 respondenyaitutamu individu yang menginap danmelakukanbooking onlinemelaluiwebsite Hotel Ibis Bandung Pasteurdenganteknikpenarikan yang digunakanyaituprobability sampling. Teknikanalisis data yang digunakanadakahregresiberganda.Pelaksanaanwebsite marketingdi Hotel Ibis Bandung Pasteurberada pada kategoritinggi, dimensitransactionmendapatkanpenilaiantertinggi dan penilaian terendah yaitu information. Kemudian tanggapan mengenai keputusan menginap di Hotel Ibis Bandung Pasteur berada pada kategori tinggi,dimensi pemilihan penyalur mendapatkan penilaian tertinggi dan dimensi lama menginap mendapatkan penilaian terendah.Hasil penelitian menunjukkanadanyapengaruhantarawebsite marketingdankeputusanmenginap. Kata Kunci : Website Marketing, Keputusan Menginap, Hotel Ibis Bandung Pasteur, Hospitality industry is an important industry in tourism activities since it can provide substantial contribution for tourism sector. Ibis Bandung Pasteur Hotelas one of three-star international chain hotel in Bandung which always strive to maintain and improve all the important aspects related to the main purpose of the hotel, one of which is to obtain profitability. The problems encountered by Hotel Ibis Bandung Pasteur is guest who booked online via websitecontinued to decline and did not reach the target. Hence Ibis Bandung Pasteur Hotel must have a strategy to overcome the problem. Therefore the researcher choosed website marketing as one of the solution that can be implemented to improve the occupancy level. In this study, the independent variable (X) used are website marketing consisting of information, communication and transaction. Dependent variable (Y) is decision of stay of the individual guest. The type of research used are descriptive and verificative with method used are explanatory survey and cross sectional approach. The sample in this study of 110 respondents that individual guests who stay and booked online via website Ibis Bandung Pasteur Hotel, the sampling technique used is probability sampling.The data analysis technique used is multiple regression. Implementation of website marketing at Ibis Bandung Pasteur Hotel is located in the high categor, the dimension of transaction get the highest ratings and lowest ratings is information.Then the feedback regarding the decision of stay at Ibis Bandung Pasteur Hotel is located in the high category, the dimension of the dealer choice get the highest ratings and the dimension of length of stay to get the lowest ratings. The results showed there isa influenceof website marketing and the decision of stay. Key words :Website Marketing, Decision of Stay, Hotel Ibis Bandung Pasteu

Investigation of Students’ Attitudes Towards Entrepreneurship, Career Path Abroad and Their Life Satisfaction

Youth entrepreneurship is considered an essential tool to unleash the economic growth of countries and diminish the high rates of youth emigration in southeast Europe. This paper is based on the data collected as part of the INTERGEN project on the attitudes of young people related to entrepreneurship and the development of family businesses carried out at twelve universities in six countries (Pavlov & Zagorcheva, 2020). The main objective of the paper is to reveal findings of the entrepreneurial attitude of students and the differences between this attitude and variables such as sex, age, the field of study, and country. Also, the paper presents the desire of students to pursue a career abroad, their life satisfaction, and analyze differences between these attitudes and variables such as age, gender, the field of study, and country. Data were generated by a sample of 1382 students from 12 universities in Albania, Bulgaria, Poland, Romani, Russia, and Serbia. Responses from the survey were statistically analyzed using descriptive statistics. The findings disclose those female students, older students, and those who pursue business studies are more inclined to become entrepreneurs compared to their peers. The results show that there is no significant difference between the desire to develop a career abroad and variables such as age, gender, and field of study. Findings prove that there is a statistically significant positive relationship between the students’ entrepreneurial attitude and life satisfaction. The paper clearly shows that students from different countries expressed different levels of entrepreneurial attitudes, life satisfaction, and desire to develop a career abroad

INDUCING THE IN VITRO ROOTING OF SAGO PALM (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.) USING AUXIN

Tanaman sagu (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.) memiliki potensi yang besar sebagai sumber pangan, energi dan bahan baku industri. Kultur jaringan tanaman sagu telah dilakukan di Balai Pengkajian Bioteknologi BPPT dalam rangka perbanyakan genotipe atau aksesi unggul secara massal. Namun demikian, kendala utama yang dihadapi pada perbanyakan in vitro tanaman sagu adalah sulitnya pembentukan akar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan kombinasi hormon yang tepat dalam menginduksi perakaran tanaman sagu in vitro. Tunas anakan muda (15-20 cm) yang diperoleh dari daerah Rangkasbitung, Provinsi Banten digunakan sebagai eksplan. Dalam penelitian ini perakaran in vitro diinduksi dengan berbagai perlakuan jenis dan konsentrasi hormon auksin, konsentrasi medium dan jenis agar. Sebagai medium dasar digunakan medium Gamborg. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi IBA dan NAA yang terbaik adalah pada taraf 35 ppm. Selanjutnya Gelrite memberikan respon yang positif dengan munculnya perakaran pada pangkal eksplan.Kata Kunci: Induksi perakaran,  jenis agar, kultur in vitro, auksin, sagu ABSTRACTSago palm (Metroxylon sagu Rottb) has huge potential as food, energy and industrial bioresources. In vitro culture of sago palm was performed in Biotech Center, BPPT in order to obtain a large-scale of mass clonal propagation of superior genotypes. Nevertheless, the main obstacle for the sago palm in vitro propagation was rooting formation. The purpose of our study was to obtain the best hormones combination for root induction on sago palm shoots in vitro. The young suckers (15-20 cm) obtained from Rangkasbitung area, Banten Province, were used as explants. In our study, in vitro rooting was induced by different types and concentrations of auxin, medium strength and solidifying agents. The shoots were cultured on Gamborg media. The result showed that the best level of both hormones IBA and NAA for root induction was 35 ppm. Moreover the solidifying agent of Gelrite gave positive response by stimulating root at the basal-end.Keywords: Rooting induction, solidifying agent, in vitro cultures, auxin, sago pal

A REVISED METHOD FOR SUCKER STERILIZATION TO SUPPORT THE IN VITRO PROPAGATION OF SAGO PALM (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.)

Hutan sagu (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.) dapat ditemukan dalam area yang cukup luas di wilayah Maluku dan Papua. Besarnya keanekaragaman hayati dari pohon sagu dapat dilihat di areal ini. Pohon sagu tumbuh secara alami terutama di daerah dataran atau rawa dengan sumber yang air melimpah. Tanaman sagu dapat diperbanyak dengan metode generatif melalui biji, dan vegetatif melalui tunas anakan. Dalam rangka mendukung perbanyakan pohon induk yang unggul secara in vitro dalam skala besar, perbaikan metode sterilisasi tunas anakan mutlak diperlukan. Tunas anakan muda (15-20 cm) yang diperoleh dari Propinsi Papua digunakan sebagai eksplan. Tujuan percobaan sterilisasi ini dilakukan untuk mendukung perbanyakan pohon sagu secara in vitro. Pada percobaan ini antibiotik digunakan untuk membersihkan jaringan internal eksplan dari jamur dan bakteri. Hasil percobaan ini menunjukkan bahwa campuran alkohol dan antibiotik dapat menekan pertumbuhan kontaminan.Kata kunci: Antibiotik, kontaminan jamur dan bakteri, kultur in vitro, metode sterilisasi, sagu ABSTRACTNatural sago (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.) forest can be found in large area in Maluku and Papua regions. There are wide genetic diversities of sago palm found in these areas. This palm grows along riverbanks and in swampy areas which are not suitable for other crops. Sago palm is propagated generatively by seed and vegetatively by suckers. With the purpose of establishing the in vitro culture method for a large-scale of mass clonally propagation of superior genotypes of sago palm, generating sterilized explants are very important. Young suckers (15-20 cm) obtained from areas of Papua Province were used as explants. The sterilization experiments were carrying out to support the tissue culture of sago palm. Sterilization was conducted using antibiotics in order to get rid of fungi and bacteria from inner part of explants tissues. The results showed that from all sterilization methods tested, the best result was treatment using alcohol and antibiotic as disinfectant agents.Keywords: Antibiotics, fungi and bacteria contaminants, in vitro culture, sterilization method, sago pal

THE COMBINATION OF GROWTH HORMONES INCREASED THE IN VITRO SHOOTS MULTIPLICATION ON SAGO PALM (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.)

Pohon sagu (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.) mempunyai banyak keunggulan dibanding dengan tanaman-tanaman penghasil pati lainnya, khususnya karena memiliki produktivitas yang tinggi, tumbuh di area bantaran sungai dan rawa, yang merupakan lingkungan tidak sesuai bagi pertumbuhan tanaman-tanaman lain. Dalam rangka membangun suatu perkebunan sagu di area yang luas, maka sangat dibutuhkan anakan-anakan sagu yang ukurannya seragam dalam jumlah yang besar. Namun demikian, terbatasnya jumlah anakan yang seragam telah menjadi kendala bagi pengembangan perkebunan sagu. Sebagai alternatif, perbanyakan in vitro dengan induksi tunas langsung dilakukan untuk mendapatkan bibit-bibit sagu dengan genotip unggul secara masal. Anakan sagu yang diperoleh dari Propinsi Maluku digunakan sebagai sumber eksplan. Eksplan dikultur pada media MS dan B5 yang mengandung kombinasi hormon auksin dan sitokinin. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan BAP 2.0 ppm dan NAA 2.0 ppm menghasilkan jumlah tunas terbanyak.Kata kunci: Auksin, sitokinin, in vitro, sagu, inisiasi tunas ABSTRACTSago palm (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.) has many advantages over other starch-producing crops especially for its higher yield, ability to grow along riverbanks and on swampy areas not suitable for other crops. With the purpose of establishing large-scale plantations, a large amount of uniform sago palm suckers are required. However, limited availability of uniform suckers has hindered the mass propagation and development of cultivated Sago palm. Alternatively, in vitro cultures were performed in order to obtain a large-scale of mass clonally propagation of superior genotypes of sago palm. The young suckers obtained from areas of Maluku Province were used as explants. In vitro culture was carried out through direct shooting. The explants were cultured on two kinds of media, which were MS and B5 media containing various growth hormones of auxins and cytokinins. The results showed that the treatment with BAP 2.0 ppm and NAA 2.0 ppm produced the highest number of shoots.Keywords: Auxin, cytokinin, in vitro, sago palm, shoot initiatio

PENANGANAN ANAKAN MUDA PADA KULTUR EX VITRO UNTUK MENGHASILKAN BIBIT SAGU (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.) SIAP TANAM

To fulfill market demand and prevent its extinction, sago palm plantation need to be developed by planting elite varieties in other areas. For these reasons the large number of seedling is needed. In this study we developed the method for an ex vitro propagation technique combining with maintaining samples freshness for several days. Young suckers were treated using aquades, Na-hypochlorite or alcohol. After 3 days, suckers were sterilized, followed by dipping in vitamin solutions and IBA for an hour. The shoots were then planted in the mixture of soil and organic fertilizer. The results of our study showed that young sucker treated with alcohol 96% was the best treatment for maintaining the freshness of samples upto 3 days. During 20 weeks of culture, the optimum root induction was achieved after applying IBA 50 mg/L. Our result may serve as a base for mass propagation of sago palm.Keywords: Ex vitro, IBA, root induction, sample freshness, young suckers ABSTRAKUntuk memenuhi kebutuhan pasar serta mencegah kepunahannya, perkebunan sagu perlu dikembangkan dengan menanam tanaman sagu berkualitas di daerah lain yang sesuai. Untuk mendukung program ini, bibit sagu dibutuhkan dalam jumlah yang sangat besar. Dalam studi ini kami mengembangkan perbanyakan bibit sagu dengan teknik ex vitro yang dikombinasikan dengan metode untuk menjaga kesegaran sampel selama beberapa hari. Anakan muda sagu diberi perlakuan dengan aquades, Na-hipoklorit atau alkohol. Setelah disimpan selama 3 hari, anakan yang terlihat tetap segar dilanjutkan ke tahap sterilisasi, dan selanjutnya direndam dalam larutan campuran vitamin dan IBA selama 1 jam. Akhirnya anakan muda ditanam dalam media campuran tanah dan pupuk kandang. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan dengan alkohol 96% adalah yang terbaik untuk menjaga kondisi anakan tetap segar setelah disimpan hingga 3 hari. Selanjutnya setelah dikultur selama 20 minggu, induksi akar yang optimal dapat dicapai dari perlakuan IBA 50 mg/L. Hasil yang kami peroleh dapat menjadi acuan dalam perbanyakan bibit sagu secara masal.Kata kunci: Ex vitro, IBA, induksi akar, kesegaran sampel, anakan mud

PENGARUH PENERAPAN STANDAR PELAPORAN AKUNTANSI SEKTOR PUBLIK DAN PENGAWASAN KUALITAS LAPORAN KEUANGAN TERHADAP AKUNTABILITAS KINERJA INSTANSI PEMERINTAH (STUDI KASUS DISPENDA PROV, DISPENDA KOTA, DAN DISHUB PROV)

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh Standar Pelaporan Akuntansi Sektor Publik dan Pengawasan Kualitas Laporan Keuangan terhadap Akuntabilitas Kinerja Instansi Pemerintah dimana studi kasus dalam penelitian ini yaitu di Dispenda Kota, Dispenda Prov dan Dishub Prov. Sampel dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 35 responden yang diambil dengan tehnik sampling jenuh. Instrumen dalam penelitian ini menggunakan kuesioner dan pengujian hipotesis dengan program IBM SPSS versi 22. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa variabel X1 dan X2 berpengaruh positif dan signifikan baik secara simultan dan parsial terhadap variabel Y. Hal ini ditunjukkan dengan hasiluji parsial untuk variabel x1 dengan nilai 2,326 > 2,037signifikansi 0,027 2,037 signifikansi 0,000 3,285 signifikansi 0,000 < 0,05. Berarti, jika standar pelaporan akuntansi sektor publik dan pengawasan kualitas laporan keuangan dapat ditingkatkan maka akan menghasilkan kinerja akuntabilitas yang bai

Pengaruh Risiko Investasi, Return on Equity (Roe) Dan Proceeds Terhadap Underpricing Dengan Reputasi Underwriter Sebagai Variabel Moderasi Pada Perusahaan Non-keuangan Yang Ipo Di Bei Periode 2010-2014

This study aimed to examine the effects of the investment risk, return on equity (ROE), and proceeds on underpricing and also to test underwriter\u27s reputation as a moderating variable and how its influences the independent variables. The population in this study is a non-financial companies are experiencing underpricing in initial public offering (IPO) at the Indonesian Stock Exchange (IDX) in the period 2010-2014, which amounted to 86 companies. The amount of samples are 73 companies that were taken by using purposive sampling method. The type of data in this research is secondary data, which is the prospectus that published by the company. In terms of data analysis, this study using moderate regression analysis (MRA) with SPSS 21.0. The results of this study showed that: 1) the risk of investment have a negatif influence and significant impact to underpricing with coefficient value 4,606, 2) ROE have a negatif influence and significant impact to underpricing with coefficient value 1,342, 3) proceeds having a negatif significant influences too towards underpricing with coefficient value 4,953. After moderated by underwriter reputation variable, only investment risk and proceeds that have a significant effect on underpricing. For simultaneous effects, all variables are significantly influence the underpricing with 38,8% coefficients determination value