Lightweight solar panel development

Preliminary design, fabrication, and test of lightweight solar panel of built-up beryllium structure with 29 sq ft active cell are

Mariner Venus 67 solar panel

Design, assembly, tests, and postflight analysis of Mariner Venus 67 solar pane

Precision Study of Positronium: Testing Bound State QED Theory

As an unstable light pure leptonic system, positronium is a very specific probe atom to test bound state QED. In contrast to ordinary QED for free leptons, the bound state QED theory is not so well understood and bound state approaches deserve highly accurate tests. We present a brief overview of precision studies of positronium paying special attention to uncertainties of theory as well as comparison of theory and experiment. We also consider in detail advantages and disadvantages of positronium tests compared to other QED experiments.Comment: A talk presented at Workshop on Positronium Physics (ETH Zurich, May 30-31, 2003

alpha^2 corrections to parapositronium decay: a detailed description

We present details of our recent calculation of alpha^2 corrections to the parapositronium decay into two photons. These corrections are rather small and our final result for the parapositronium lifetime agrees well with the most recent measurement. Implications for orthopositronium decays are briefly discussed.Comment: 18 pages, late

Climate change, social dreaming and art: Thinking the unthinkable

Beyond the Scientific Fact The problem of how people can accept the reality of climate change and its effects on our daily lives is central in climate psychology. Scientific facts have proved remarkably ineffective in leading to necessary changes in lifestyle required on both an individual and a social level. For many, the facts are either traumatic or unacceptable. The requirement posed by global warming to change people’s deeply held desires for ever-increasing economic prosperity and the assumed concomitant wellbeing leads to shared and generalised disavowal and denial. In the world of climate change deniers or disavowers the status of scientific factual reality is a significant issue: the scientific facts backed by 97% of the scientific community are not ‘fact-enough’ for meaningful social change: information, debates, surveys, focus groups and suchlike fail to open the way to significant action. In the case of climate change we are in a zone of gut rejection: even if it is, it cannot be. Al Gore’s ‘inconvenience’ (Gore 2006) is more than that: it is something so inconvenient that it cannot be countenanced. Psycho-social approaches to climate change, therefore, tend to take a containing approach to people’s fears, traumas and deep concerns. For example, Randall and Brown’s (2015) ‘carbon conversations’ project provides practical and experiential psycho-social approaches designed to create contained spaces for reflection and transformation. Through conversation, according to Westcott (2016), there is a chance for denial and disavowal to be converted into hope and trust, without which climate anxieties are repressed and ignored rather than confronted. Such approaches have been positively evaluated by Büchs, Hinton and Smith (2015) who summarise the emotions that can be discussed through conversation related to climate change as fear and anxiety, grief, guilt, helplessness and feeling threatened in one’s identity/status (Büchs et al. 2015, p. 622). It is through the careful containment of shared conversations that people are given an opportunity to be released from the isolation, loneliness, guilt and even horror that scientific facts point to. These conversations change the nature and quality of the climate fact through each person’s relation to the facts. In a sense, the reality of the fact is given a potential for being re-experienced, almost as if it were not a factual entity in and of itself. Climate facts are thus subjectivised and their reality is found in the transactions between external and internal world experiencing. This chapter concentrates on a different way of knowing, focusing on the shared visual and affective aspects of people’s relationship to climate change. It uses the data from an art and social dreaming event to explore how the use of affect-laden images in a shared ‘unconscious’ context, hidden or unknown, can help us to recognize the reality of climate change. Social dreaming is a method that allows new knowledge to emerge in a gathering of people who share their dreams, associations and feelings together. The method creates a non-threatening, non-judgmental space where difficult thoughts and feelings can be expressed through images (Lawrence 2005; Manley 2014, 2018). In Social dreaming and the visual arts, the realm of worded communication is subsumed into a world of image and affect. Both involve what Donald Meltzer calls the ‘poetry of the dream’ whose role in thinking is that it ‘catches and gives formal representation to the passions which are the meaning of our experience so that they may be operated upon by reason’ (Meltzer 2009 p.47)