Gestes Des Solliciteurs - A Sixteenth Century Metrical Account of the Abuses of Law Courts, By Eustorg De Beaulieu

One of the most popular subjects of late fifteenth century "Farces et sotties" was the abuses of every-day life, and of those abuses, the injustice of judges, lawyers and other court officials, and above al!, the long and tedious delays of court proceedings came in for a large share of popularity. Eustorg de Beaulieu, an obscure poet of the beginning of the sixteenth century, had a very personal experience with such law courts and left a vivid description of them in a poem entitled, "Les Gestes des Solliciteurs de Proces.

Analysis of the application of the generalized monod kinetics model to describe the human corneal oxygen-consumption rate during soft contact lens wear

This work is an analysis of the application of the generalized Monod kinetics model describing human corneal oxygen consumption during soft contact lens wear to models previously used by Chhabra et al. (J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater, 2009a;90:202-209, Optom Vis Sci 2009b; 86:454-466) and Larrea and Buchler (Invest Ophthalmol Vis € Sci 2009;50:1076-1080). We use oxygen tension from in vivo estimations provided by Bonanno [Bonanno et al., Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2002;43:371-376, and Bonanno et al 2009]. We consider four hydrogel and six silicone hydrogel lenses. The cornea is considered a single homogeneous layer, with constant oxygen permeability regardless of the type of lens worn. Our calculations yield different values for the maximum oxygen consumption rate Qc,max, whith differents oxygen tensions (high and low pc) at the cornea-tears interface. Surprisingly, for both models, we observe an increase in oxygen consumption near an oxygen tension of 105 mmHg until a maximum is reached, then decreasing for higher levels of oxygen pressure. That is, when lowering the pressure of oxygen, the parameter Qc,max initially increases depending on the intensity of the change in pressure. Which, it could be related with the variation of the pH. Furthermore, it is also noted that to greater reductions in pressure, this parameter decreases, possibly due to changes in the concentration of glucose related to the anaerobic respiration. The averaged in vivo human corneal oxygen consumption rate of 1.47 3 1024 cm3 of O2/cm3 tissue s, with Monod kinetics model, considering all the lenses studied, is smaller than the average oxygen consumption rate value obtained using the Larrea and Buchler model. The impact that these calculations € have on the oxygen partial pressure available at different depths in the corneal tissue is presented and discussed, taking into consideration previous models used in this studySIH is grateful to projects CONACYT SEP-2004-C01-47070, UNAM-DGAPA-PAPIIT IN113415, DGTIC-UNAM SC16-1-IR- 113, to the Red Tematica de la Materia Condensada BlandaCONACYT for a postdoctoral fellowship, and to CONACYT for a retention fellowship No. 207109. We thank Dr. Barry A. Weissman from the Southern California College of Optometry at Marshall B Ketchum University, Fullerton CA, USA for helpful comments and discussion

Diffusion and Monod kinetics model to determine in vivo human corneal oxygen-consumption rate during soft contact lens wear

PURPOSE: We present an analysis of the corneal oxygen consumption Qc from non-linear models, using data of oxygen partial pressure or tension (P(O2) ) obtained from in vivo estimation previously reported by other authors. (1) METHODS: Assuming that the cornea is a single homogeneous layer, the oxygen permeability through the cornea will be the same regardless of the type of lens that is available on it. The obtention of the real value of the maximum oxygen consumption rate Qc,max is very important because this parameter is directly related with the gradient pressure profile into the cornea and moreover, the real corneal oxygen consumption is influenced by both anterior and posterior oxygen fluxes. RESULTS: Our calculations give different values for the maximum oxygen consumption rate Qc,max, when different oxygen pressure values (high and low P(O2)) are considered at the interface cornea-tears film. CONCLUSION: Present results are relevant for the calculation on the partial pressure of oxygen, available at different depths into the corneal tissue behind contact lenses of different oxygen transmissibility.Del Castillo, LF.; Ferreira Da Silva, AR.; Hernández, SI.; Aguiella-Arzo, M.; Balado, A.; Mollá Romano, S.; Compañ Moreno, V. (2015). Diffusion and Monod kinetics model to determine in vivo human corneal oxygen-consumption rate during soft contact lens wear. Journal of Optometry. 8(1):12-18. doi:10.1016/j.optom.2014.06.002S12188

Changes in corneal structure with continuous wear of High-Dk Soft contact lenses : a pilot study

Despite numerous studies that have considered the effects of extended wear of high-Dk soft contact lenses on ocular physiology, little attention has been paid to the impact of such lenses on central or peripheral corneal thickness and curvature. The present study aims to report the time course of changes in corneal thickness and curvature that accompanies the 30-night continuous wear of new silicone hydrogel soft contact lenses in a neophyte population in a longitudinal study. Methods. Six subjects wore high-Dk lotrafilcon (Dk = 140) on a 30-night replacement schedule for 12 months. Only measurements from the right eye were considered for analysis. Topographical measurements of corneal thickness and curvature were taken. The same parameters were monitored for an additional period of 3 months after lens removal. Results. An almost homogenous increase in corneal radius of curvature was detected for all the locations studied, being statistically significant for the 4-mm cord diameter area. This effect was associated with a progressive thinning effect for the central cornea, whereas midperipheral and peripheral areas did not display such a thinning effect during continuous wear. These effects were still evident for the central cornea 3 months after contact lens wear discontinuation. Conclusions. Continuous wear of high-Dk silicone hydrogel contact lenses is associated with clinically appreciable changes in topographical corneal curvature, whereas only a reduction in corneal thickness is appreciated in the central area. This effect seems to be a result of mechanical pressure induced by these hybrid hyperpermeable materials, characterized by a higher modulus of elasticity. The small sample size compromises the conclusions addressed from this study, and further work will be necessary to confirm the present results.Supported, in part, by MEC (Spain) - PGC under contract PM98-0225

Biomedical applications of hydrogels: a review of patents and commercial products

Hydrogels have become very popular due to their unique properties such as high water content, softness, flexibility and biocompatibility. Natural and synthetic hydrophilic polymers can be physically or chemically cross-linked in order to produce hydrogels. Their resemblance to living tissue opens up many opportunities for applications in biomedical areas. Currently, hydrogels are used for manufacturing contact lenses, hygiene products, tissue engineering scaffolds, drug delivery systems and wound dressings. This review provides an analysis of their main characteristics and biomedical applications. From Wichterle’s pioneering work to the most recent hydrogel-based inventions and products on the market, it provides the reader with a detailed introduction to the topic and perspective on further potential developments

A Parallel between Le Roman de Flamenca and Dante's Purgatorio (IV, vv. 1-13)

The following parallel between the opening lines of Purgatorio IV and the Provençal narrative poem Le Roman de Flamenca is specially interesting, because, according to P. Meyer, "no one in the middle ages has ever spoken of the poem and but one manuscript of it is known." M. Meyer fixes the date of Flamenca between 1220 and l25o–early enough for Dante to have known the work, if it had found its way into Italy. From Dante's own statement we know that he was familiar with the poems of some of the most important and well known Provençal writers, such as Arnaut Daniel, Giraut de Borneil, Aimeric de Belenai, Bertran de Born, Peire d'Alvernhe and others, whose productions were a part of the intellectual heritage of the thirteenth century in Italy. The fact that Dante in no way makes mention of Flamenca, of which the author and original title are uncertain, does not of course exclude the possibility of his having known the poem as a whole or in part. But to draw more positive conclusions would be presumptuous

Eustorg de Beaulieu, a disciple of Marot, 1495 (1)-1552,

"Reprinted from the Romanic review, vol. v. no. 3 (1914), pp. 252-275; vol. VI, no. 1 (1915),pp. 42-59; no. 2, pp. 206-218; no. 3, pp. 298-326; vol. VII, no. 1 (1916), pp. 83-109; vol. IX, no. 3 (1918), pp. 319-344."Vita.Thesis (PH. D.)--Columbia university, 1913.Bibliography: p. 144-158.Mode of access: Internet