Sonar acoustics

The problem of producing a model to determine the beam pattern produced by a sonar set in the form of a circular cylinder with hemispherical end caps is studied. The beam width and the position of the beam centre are also considered and the results of the models are compared with experimental findings. Possible reasons for the discrepancies between these theoretical and experimental results are examined, providing insight into developing more sophisticated mathematical models. The beam patterns were produced using a combination of Matlab and Fortran 77 programs incorporating subroutines from the NAG library. Experimental results and data are included with the kind permission of Thomson Marconi Sonar Systems Ltd

Compact disk error measurements

The objectives of this project are as follows: provide hardware and software that will perform simple, real-time, high resolution (single-byte) measurement of the error burst and good data gap statistics seen by a photoCD player read channel when recorded CD write-once discs of variable quality (i.e., condition) are being read; extend the above system to enable measurement of the hard decision (i.e., 1-bit error flags) and soft decision (i.e., 2-bit error flags) decoding information that is produced/used by the Cross Interleaved - Reed - Solomon - Code (CIRC) block decoder employed in the photoCD player read channel; construct a model that uses data obtained via the systems described above to produce meaningful estimates of output error rates (due to both uncorrected ECC words and misdecoded ECC words) when a CD disc having specific (measured) error statistics is read (completion date to be determined); and check the hypothesis that current adaptive CIRC block decoders are optimized for pressed (DAD/ROM) CD discs. If warranted, do a conceptual design of an adaptive CIRC decoder that is optimized for write-once CD discs

Density functional scheme for calculating the pair density

The density functional scheme for calculating the pair density is presented by means of the constrained-search technique. The resultant single-particle equation takes the form of the modified Hartree-Fock equation which contains the kinetic contribution of the exchange-correlation energy functional as the correlation potential. The practical form of the kinetic contribution is also proposed with the aid of the scaling relations of the kinetic energy functionals.Comment: 5 page

Tanggunggugat Penerbit Buku Fanfiksi Yang Dikomersilkan Tanpa Seijin Tokoh Menurut Undang-undang No. 28 Tahun 2014 Tentang Hak Cipta

Penulisan ini membahas mengenai permasalahan buku Fanfiksi yang dikomersilkan tanpa seijin tokoh yang telah digunakan dalam cerita tersebut. Buku fanfiksi sendiri termasuk dalam perlindungan Hak Cipta. Perlindungan Hak Cipta mencakup hasil karya asli dibidang seni, sastra dan ilmu pengetahuan. Didalam buku Fanfiksi terdapat 2 pihak yang akan dibahas dalam penulisan ini, yaitu Penulis dan Penerbit Fanfiksi. Penulis Fanfiksi dan Penerbit adalah sebagai pihak yang mendapatkan keuntungan dari penjualan buku Fanfiksi. Penulis Fanfiksi selaku Pencipta, tidak meminta ijin terlebih dahulu kepada tokoh-tokoh yang digunakan dalam buku Fanfiksi tersebut. Sedangkan penerbit selaku Pemegang Hak Cipta, menyebarluaskan dan menginformasikan keberadaan buku Fanfiksi ke masyarakat. Yang mana didalam Hak Cipta yang dipunyai oleh pencipta terdapat hak eksklusif yang terdiri atas hak moral dan hak ekonomi. Oleh karena penulis Fanfiksi disebut sebagai pencipta, disebabkan karena penulis telah mengalihwujudkan Fanfiksi yang biasanya ditampilkan dalam satu tayangan di media sosial atau situs web ke dalam buku cerita berbentuk novel. Dengan demikian penerbit bertanggung gugat atas buku fanfiksi yang telah dikomersilkan tanpa adanya ijin dari tokoh yang bersangkutan karena hal tersebut adalah pelanggaran Hak Cipta yang diatur dalam Undang-undang Hak Cipta

Desiccants: Benefits for the Second Century of Air-Conditioning

Desiccant technology now stands where mechanical cooling stood in the 1930's. Desiccant systems have been used by industrial engineers to achieve productivity and energy benefits which far outweigh their installed cost. Now, with lower cost desiccant components, commercial buildings are using desiccant systems because they provide benefits beyond those of air cooling technology alone. In many ways, the rise of desiccant systems is parallel to the 80-year-old transition from fan-only cooling to mechanical cooling. Mechanical cooling did not reduce the need for fans and blowers. Likewise, desiccant technology may not reduce the need for mechanical cooling. And just as mechanical cooling adds cost to a fan-only system, desiccant equipment can sometimes cost more than mechanical cooling. But just as cooling coils add functionality to a ventilation system, desiccant systems provide benefits which are beyond the reach of mechanical cooling systems. Specifically, desiccant systems can provide: Total control of humidity, independent of temperature. Dew points below the practical limits of cooling technology. Humidity control in cold environments and cold air streams. Lower operating cost Lower peak electrical demand. Ability to use low-cost thermal energy to control both humidity and temperature. Dry duct systems in accordance with ASHRAE Standard 62, avoiding microbial and fungal growth associated with sick building syndrome

Momentum Correlations of Charmed Pairs Produced in π−−Cu\pi^{-}-Cu Interactions at 230 GeV/c

We study the production characteristics of 557 pairs of charmed hadrons produced in $\pi^{-}-Cu$\ interactions at 230~GeV/c using a momentum estimator for charmed hadrons with missing decay products. We find, the mean value of the transverse momentum squared of the charmed pairs is $=(1.98\pm 0.11\pm 0.09)\;$ GeV$^2$/c$^2$, the mean rapidity difference is $=0.54\pm 0.02\pm 0.24$, and the mean effective mass is $=(4.45\pm 0.03\pm 0.13)\;$ GeV/c$^2$. Comparing these results with the next-to-leading order QCD predictions we find an agreement for the \yd\ and \mef, whilst the measured mean value of \pts\ is significantly larger than the predicted value.Comment: 10 pages, LaTeX, 4 (pages) postscript figure

Heavy Top Quark Searches in the Di-Lepton Mode at the Tevatron

We present the results of a detailed study of the effects of $b$-tagging on the heavy top-quark signal and backgrounds for the modes of the di-lepton plus two high transverse energy jets at the Fermilab Tevatron. The general characteristics of the heavy top-quark signal events are also discussed so that a comparison can be made between $b$-tagging and imposing stringent kinematical cuts to eliminate backgrounds.Comment: uses PHYZZX and TABLES macros, 10 pages, four figures not included (available by request), FERMILAB-Pub-93/105-

Retrospective analysis of the quality of reports by author-suggested and non-author-suggested reviewers in journals operating on open or single-blind peer review models.

OBJECTIVES: To assess whether reports from reviewers recommended by authors show a bias in quality and recommendation for editorial decision, compared with reviewers suggested by other parties, and whether reviewer reports for journals operating on open or single-blind peer review models differ with regard to report quality and reviewer recommendations. DESIGN: Retrospective analysis of the quality of reviewer reports using an established Review Quality Instrument, and analysis of reviewer recommendations and author satisfaction surveys. SETTING: BioMed Central biology and medical journals. BMC Infectious Diseases and BMC Microbiology are similar in size, rejection rates, impact factors and editorial processes, but the former uses open peer review while the latter uses single-blind peer review. The Journal of Inflammation has operated under both peer review models. SAMPLE: Two hundred reviewer reports submitted to BMC Infectious Diseases, 200 reviewer reports submitted to BMC Microbiology and 400 reviewer reports submitted to the Journal of Inflammation. RESULTS: For each journal, author-suggested reviewers provided reports of comparable quality to non-author-suggested reviewers, but were significantly more likely to recommend acceptance, irrespective of the peer review model (p<0.0001 for BMC Infectious Diseases, BMC Microbiology and the Journal of Inflammation). For BMC Infectious Diseases, the overall quality of reviewer reports measured by the Review Quality Instrument was 5% higher than for BMC Microbiology (p=0.042). For the Journal of Inflammation, the quality of reports was the same irrespective of the peer review model used. CONCLUSIONS: Reviewers suggested by authors provide reports of comparable quality to non-author-suggested reviewers, but are significantly more likely to recommend acceptance. Open peer review reports for BMC Infectious Diseases were of higher quality than single-blind reports for BMC Microbiology. There was no difference in quality of peer review in the Journal of Inflammation under open peer review compared with single blind

Relative distributions of W's and Z's at low transverse momenta

Despite large uncertainties in the $W^\pm$ and $Z^0$ transverse momentum ($q_T$) distributions for q_T\lsim 10 GeV, the ratio of the distributions varys little. The uncertainty in the ratio of $W$ to $Z$ $q_T$ distributions is on the order of a few percent, independent of the details of the nonperturbative parameterization.Comment: 13 pages in revtex, 5 postscript figures available upon request, UIOWA-94-0

Towards a Precise Parton Luminosity Determination at the CERN LHC

A new approach to determine the LHC luminosity is investigated. Instead of employing the proton-proton luminosity measurement, we suggest to measure directly the parton-parton luminosity. It is shown that the electron and muon pseudorapidity distributions, originating from the decay of W+, W- and Z0 bosons produced at 14 TeV pp collisions (LHC), constrain the x distributions of sea and valence quarks and antiquarks in the range from about 3 x 10**-4 to about 10**-1 at a Q**2 of about 10**4 GeV**2. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that, once the quark and antiquark structure functions are constrained from the W+,W- and Z0 production dynamics, other quark-antiquark related scattering processes at the LHC like q-qbar --> W+W- can be predicted accurately. Thus, the lepton pseudorapidity distributions provide the key to a precise parton luminosity monitor at the LHC, with accuracies of about +-1% compared to the so far considered goal of +-5%.Comment: plain tex, 14 pages, 5 figure