Adventist Information Ministry: Historical-Missiological Foundations and an Evaluation of the Chaplain\u27s Role

Purpose The aim of this dissertation was to: (1) investigate and record historical and missiological foundations of Adventist Information Ministry; (2) survey, analyze, describe, and evaluate perceptions about the AIM chaplain\u27s role and present resulting recommendations; and (3) provide summaries and conclusions for the major topics and methodology revealed in the main body of this report. Method Following an investigation of historical documents, a qualitative survey based on Dillman\u27s Total Design Method was implemented with six different groups of individuals associated with Adventist Information Ministry. Recorded input from sixty-five telephone interviews was analyzed and described according to pertinent group perceptions regarding the principle subjects of the study. The historical probes and phone interview findings were augmented with observations from the author\u27s two and a half years of work experience as senior chaplain at Adventist Information Ministry. Results A treatise of trends spanning a fifteen-year period of time leading up to the birth of Adventist Information Ministry is now available under one cover. The display of documented contributions reveals that a host of foundational proclamations, formative ideas, technological inventions, and key institutions were involved. For the Adventist Information Ministry chaplain, six fundamental functions are ranked according to survey results for the importance and time spent for each function. Discoveries among the chaplain interviewees includes intercession receiving the place of greatest importance but least time spent, administration voted least important but second in time spent, and counseling looked upon with lower importance but claiming the most time spent. Conclusions The variety of foundational sources made clear the delivery of Adventist Information Ministry was not the result of any one human being\u27s work. It was concluded that the governing source behind these multiple developmental factors was the working of God through His Holy Spirit. Given the blend of widely differing perspectives pertaining to the counseling component of the chaplain\u27s role, a concluding recommendation was directed to current leadership, staff, and chaplains at Adventist Information Ministry to meet together and work through the likelihood of ongoing misunderstandings in this important area

The liability of directors for fraudulent and/or reckless trading: Section 424 of the Companies Act 61 of 1973

One of the chief principles of company law is that a company is a separate legal personality and that the liability of a member in a company, limited by shares, is limited to the amount, if any, unpaid on his shares. A problem down the years has been to prevent these principles being exploited by the controllers of the company, largely its directors and thereby to protect creditors of the company. Although judges have at times regarded certain companies whose misdemeanours have come under the_ spotlight as a 'cloak' and a 'sham', 1 the fact remains that a company as a separate legal personality comes into existence on the date of incorporation and that no recourse can be f6unded on the proposition that a company's misdemeanours cause it ipso facto to forfeit its existence. The most important statutory incursion into the principle of the separate personality of a company is contained in what are commonly known as the fraudulent or reckless trading provisions of the Companies Act 61 of 1973, namely s 424. This provision replaces s 185 bis (1) of the Companies Act 46 of 1926 which was derived from what is presently s 630 of the Companies Act (1985) of the United Kingdom (s 332 of the Companies Act 1948) which is still limited to fraudulent trading only

The 100 and 160 micron maps of the dust reemission from the nucleus and inner-arm regions of NGC 6946

Dust reemission from the Scd galaxy NGC 6946 has been measured at 100 and 160 microns with the 32-channel University of Chicago Far-Infrared Camera. Researchers present fully sampled maps of the nucleus and inner spiral arms at 45 seconds resolution. The far-infrared morphology of the galaxy is a bright peak centered on a diffuse disk, where the peak occurs about 24 seconds NE of the Dressel and Condon optical center. The 100/160 micron color temperature is correlated with the H alpha surface brightness. Assuming the distance from Earth to the galaxy is 10.1 Mpc, researchers determine that Tc is 32 K at the nucleus and at radius 5.4 kpc, where there is a concentration of H II regions. In the intermediate annulus of relatively low H alpha surface brightness, the temperature drops to a local minimum of 25 K at radius 3 kpc. The ratio of reradiated to transmitted stellar luminosity is approx. 3.0 at the nucleus and approx. 0.9 for the disk. The optical depth at 100 micron increases from .0005 at the edges of our map to .0035 at the far infrared radiation (FIR) peak. Combining our observations with a fully sampled map of similar spatial extent in CO(1 greater than 0), researchers determine that the ratio F sub IR/I sub CO at the center of the galaxy is almost twice that for the disk, where the value is more or less constant

A Chromosomal Deletion and New Frameshift Mutation Cause ARSACS in an African-American

Autosomal Recessive Spastic Ataxia of Charlevoix-Saguenay (ARSACS) is a rare, progressive, neurodegenerative disease characterized by ataxia, spasticity and polyneuropathy. First described in the French-Canadian population of Quebec in 1978, ARSACS has since been identified in multiple patients worldwide. In this clinical case report, we describe the evaluation of an 11-years-old African-American male who presented to neuromuscular clinic for assessment of a gait abnormality. He had a history of gross motor delay since early childhood, frequent falls and a below average IQ. Chromosomal microarray revealed a 1.422 megabase loss in the 13q12.12 region, which includes the SACS gene. Next Generation Sequencing then showed a novel, predicted to be pathogenic missense mutation (c.11824dup) of this gene. His clinical presentation and neurological imaging further confirmed the diagnosis of ARSACS. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of this disease in the African-American population of the United States. This case report further highlights the growing trend of identifying genetic diseases previously restricted to single, ethnically isolated regions in many different ethnic groups worldwide

Abstract Models of Memory Management

Most specifications of garbage collectors concentrate on the low-level algorithmic details of how to find and preserve accessible objects. Often, they focus on bit-level manipulations such as "scanning stack frames," "marking objects," "tagging data," etc. While these details are important in some contexts, they often obscure the more fundamental aspects of memory management: what objects are garbage and why? We develop a series of calculi that are just low-level enough that we can express allocation and garbage collection, yet are sufficiently abstract that we many formally prove the correctness of various memory management strategies. By making the heap of a program syntactically apparent, we can specify memory actions as rewriting rules that allocate values on the heap and automatically dereference pointers to such objects when needed. this formulation permits the specification of garbage collection as a relation that removes portions of the heap without affecting the outcome of the evaluation. Our high-level approach allows us to specify in a compact manner a wide variety of memory management techniques, including standard trace-based garbage collection (i.e., the family of copying and mark/sweep collection algorithms), generational collection, and type-based, tag-free collection. Furthermore, since the definition of garbage is based on the semantics of the underlying language instead of the conservative approximation of inaccessibility, we are able to specify and prove the idea that type inference can be used to collect some objects that are accessible but never used.Engineering and Applied Science

Formation and emplacement of the Josephine ophiolite and the Nevadan orogeny in the Klamath Mountains, California-Oregon: U/Pb zircon and ^(40)Ar/^(39)Ar geochronology

Cordilleran ophiolites typically occur as basement for accreted terranes. In the Klamath Mountains, ophiolitic terranes were progressively accreted by underthrusting beneath North America. The Josephine ophiolite is the youngest of the Klamath ophiolites and forms the basement for a thick Late Jurassic flysch sequence (Galice Formation). This ophiolite-flysch terrane forms an east dipping thrust sheet sandwiched between older rocks of the Klamath Mountains above and a coeval plutonic-volcanic arc complex below. The outcrop pattern of the roof (Orleans) thrust indicates a minimum displacement of 40 km, and geophysical studies suggest >110 km of displacement. The basal (Madstone Cabin) thrust is associated with an amphibolitic sole and has a minimum displacement of 12 km. A rapid sequence of events, from ophiolite generation to thrust emplacement, has been determined using ^(40)Ar/^(39)Ar and Pb/U geochronology. Ophiolite generation occurred at 162–164 Ma, a thin hemipelagic sequence was deposited from 162 to 157 Ma, and flysch deposition took place between 157 and 150 Ma. Tight age constraints on thrusting and low-grade metamorphism associated with ophiolite emplacement (Nevadan orogeny) are provided by abundant calc-alkaline dikes and plutons ranging in age from 151 to 139 Ma. Deformation and metamorphism related to the Nevadan orogeny appears to have extended from ∼155 to 135 Ma. Most of the crustal shortening took place by thrusting, constrained to have occurred from ∼155 to 150 Ma on both the roof and basal thrusts. Minimum rates of displacement are 2.4 and 3.6 mm/year for the basal and roof thrusts, respectively, but correlations with coeval thrusts yield rates of 8.4 and 22 mm/year (within the range of plate velocities). The high displacement rates and synchronous movement along the basal and roof thrusts suggest that the ophiolite may have behaved as a microplate situated between western North America and an active arc from ∼155 to 150 Ma. A steep thermal gradient was present in the Josephine-Galice thrust sheet from ∼155 to 150 Ma, with amphibolite facies conditions developed along the basal thrust. After accretion of the ophiolite by underthrusting, the ophiolite and overlying flysch underwent low-grade dynamothermal regional metamorphism from 150 to 135 Ma. The upper age limit is tightly constrained by a 135 Ma K-feldspar cooling age, syntectonic plutons as young as 139 Ma, and a Lower Cretaceous angular unconformity. Very rapid exhumation is indicated by the late Valanginian to Hauterivian age (∼130 Ma) of the unconformably overlying strata, suggesting unroofing by extensional tectonics

Time relations and structural-stratigraphic patterns in ophiolite accretion, west central Klamath Mountains, California

New geochronological data and published structural and stratigraphic data show that two distinctly different ophiolitic assemblages formed in general proximity to one another at nearly the same time and were subsequently imbricated along a regional thrust zone. The Josephine ophiolite constitutes a complete oceanic crust and upper mantle sequence which lies within the western Jurassic belt of the Klamath province. Within the study area the Josephine ophiolite was formed by seafloor spreading at about 157 m.y. before present. It was immediately covered by a thin pelagic and hemipelagic sequence which grades into a thick flysch sequence, both of which comprise the Galice Formation. The Galice flysch was derived from volcanic arc and uplifted continental margin orogenic assemblages. A major nonvolcanic source for the Galice flysch appears to have been the western Paleozoic and Triassic belt of the Klamath province exposed to the east. Proximal volcanic arc activity migrated to the site of the Josephine-Galice section by 151 m.y. and is represented by numerous dikes and sills which intrude the ophiolite and Galice Formation. The Preston Peak ophiolite is a polygenetic assemblage consisting of (1) a pre-mid-Jurassic tectonitic peridotite-amphibolite substrate which represents disrupted and unroofed basement of the western Paleozoic and Triassic belt and (2) an upper mafic complex which was intruded through and constructed above the tectonite substrate at about 160 m.y. The mafic complex consists primarily of diabase hypabyssal rocks that are overlain by diabase-clast breccia and hemipelagic deposits. A major arc-plutonic complex was emplaced into the Preston Peak ophiolite in at least two pulses at 153 and 149 m.y. Major phases of this complex consist of wehrlite, gabbro, pyroxene diorite, and hornblende diorite. The Josephine ophiolite is interpreted as the remnants of interarc basin crust. The Preston Peak ophiolite is interpreted as either a primitive remnant arc complex or a rift edge facies for the Josephine interarc basin. The Galice Formation represents a submarine fan complex that was built on juvenile crust of the Josephine basin floor. During the time interval of 153 to 149 m.y. the locus or arc magmatism migrated to an area which included the interarc basin floor and the remnant arc or basin edge. The basin shortly thereafter closed by convergent tectonics during the Nevadan orogeny resulting in the imbrication of the Josephine and Preston Peak ophiolites and their superimposed arc assemblages. The transition from seafloor spreading generation of Josephine ophiolite to its tectonic accretion by convergence and basin closure occurred within 5 to 10 m.y. The process of rifting and ophiolite formation in series with convergence and ophiolite accretion is considered an important mechanism for generating and displacing allocthonous terranes in the Klamath Mountains-Sierra Nevada region, and perhaps throughout the western cordillera