Pengaruh Persepsi Siswa Tentang Penggunaan Media Pembelajaran dan Metode Mengajar Guru terhadap Prestasi Belajar Ekonomi Siswa Kelas XI IPS SMA Negeri I Bayang Kabupaten Pesisir Selatan

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh persepsi siswa tentang penggunaan media pembelajaran dan persepsi siswa tentang metode mengajar guru terhadap prestasi belajar ekonomi siswa kelas XI IPS SMA N 1 Bayang. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif asosiatif yang artinya untuk mengetahui pengaruh antara dua variabel atau lebih. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas XI IPS SMA Negeri 1 Bayang. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik Total Sampling dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 91 orang. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis deskriptif dan analisis induktif yaitu uji kelayakan model, uji prasyarat analisis, analisis regresi berganda, koefisien determinasi, dan uji hipotesis menggunakan uji t dan uji F. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: 1) persepsi siswa tentang penggunaan media pembelajaran berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap prestasi belajar ekonomi siswa kelas XI IPS SMA N 1 Bayang. 2) persepsi siswa tentang metode mengajar guru berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap prestasi belajar ekonomi siswa kelas XI IPS SMA N 1 Bayang. 3) persepsi siswa tentang penggunaan media pembelajaran dan metode mengajar guru secara bersama-sama berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap prestasi belajar ekonomi siswa kelas XI IPS SMA N 1 Bayang

Manajeman Pemerintahan Desa Dalam Meningkatkan Produktivitas Bumdes (Studi Di Desa Purwasari Kecamatan Purwasari Kabupaten Karawang)

Dalam mencapai tujuan pembangunan nasional, desa merupakan agen pemerintah terdepan yang dapat menjangkau kelompok sasaran riil yang hendak disejahterakan, yaitu dengan membentuk suatu badan usaha yaitu Badan Usaha Milik Desa yang sesuai dengan permendagri nomor 39 tahun 2010 tentang badan usaha milik desa, yang menyebutkan bahwa Badan usaha milik desa ini usaha desa yang dibentuk atau didirikan oleh pemerintah desa yang kepemilikan modal dan pengelolaannya dilakukan oleh pemerintah desa dan masyarakat. Pembentukan badan usaha milik desa ini juga berdasarkan pada Permendagri nomor 39 tahun 2010 pada bab II tentang pembentukan badan usaha milik desa. Pembentukan ini berasal dari pemerintah kabupaten/kota dengan menetapkan peraturan daerah tentang pedoman tata cara pembentukan dan pengelolaan BUMDes. Selanjutnya, pemerintah desa membentuk BUMDes dengan peraturan desa yang berpedoman pada peraturan daerah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengatahui manajemen pemerintah desa dalam meningkatkan produktivitas desa. Dalam penelitian ini penulis menggunakan Metode kualitatif dan teknik pengumpulan data melalui wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi terkait masalah yang di telit

Bioaccumulation surveillance in Milford Haven Waterway

Biomonitoring of contaminants (metals, organotins, PAHs, PCBs) was carried out along the Milford Haven Waterway (MHW) and at a reference site in the Tywi Estuary during 2007-2008. The species used as bioindicators encompass a variety of uptake routes - Fucus vesiculosus (dissolved contaminants); Littorina littorea (grazer); Mytilus edulis and Cerastoderma edule (suspension feeders); and Nereis diversicolor (omnivore which often reflects contaminants in sediment). Differences in feeding strategy and habitat preference have subtle implications for bioaccumulation trends though, with few exceptions, contaminant body burdens in Milford Haven (MH) were higher than those at the Tywi reference site, reflecting inputs. Elevated concentrations of metals were occasionally observed at individual MH sites, whilst As and Se (molluscs and seaweed) were, for much of MHW, consistently at the higher end of the UK range. However, for the majority of metals, distributions in MH biota were not exceptional by UK standards. Several metal-species combinations indicated increases in bioavailability at upstream sites, which may reflect the influence of geogenic or other land-based sources – perhaps enhanced by lower salinity (greater proportions of more bioavailable forms). TBT levels in MH mussels were below OSPAR toxicity thresholds and in the Tywi were close to zero. Phenyltins were not accumulated appreciably in Mytilus, whereas some Nereis populations may have been subjected to localized (historical) sources. PAHs in Nereis tended to be evenly distributed across most sites, but with somewhat higher values at Dale for acenaphthene, fluoranthene, pyrene, benzo(a)anthracene and chrysene; naphthalenes tended to be enriched further upstream in the mid-upper Haven (a pattern seen in mussels for most PAHs). Whilst concentrations in MH mussels were mostly above reference site and OSPAR backgrounds, it is unlikely that ecotoxicological guidelines would be exceeded. PCBs in mussels were between upper and lower OSPAR guidelines and were unusual in their distribution in that highest levels occurred at the mouth of MH. Condition indices (CI) of bivalves (mussels and cockles) were highest at the Tywi reference site and at the seaward end of MH, decreasing upstream along the Waterway. There were a number of significant (negative) relationships between CI and body burdens and multivariate analysis indicated that a combination of contaminants could influence the pattern in condition (and sub-lethal responses such as MT and TOSC) across sites. Cause and effect needs to be tested more rigorously in future assessments

STUDI KASUS ATAS ISTRI-NELAYAN BEKERJA DI DESA GEBANG MEKAR KECAMATAN GEBANG KABUPATEN CIREBON

ABSTRAK Fajar Harino, Nim 1708305070, “Studi Kasus Atas Istri-Nelayan Bekerja Di Desa Gebang Mekar Kecamatan Gebang Kabupaten Cirebon”. Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi oleh kondis sosiali ekonomi keluarga nelayan di Desa Gebang Mekar. Nelayan yang ada di Desa Gebang Mekar mempunyai permasalahan yaitu itu tidak mempunyainya modal untuk mereka berangkat melaut. Sehingga, mengakibatkan mereka berhubungan dengan para tengkulak dan menjual hasil tangkapannya kepada tengkulak tersebut. Dengan penghasilan para nelayan yang kurang dalam memenuhi kebutuhan keluarga. Membuat buat para istri nelayan ikut andil dalam mencari penghasilan guna memenuhi kebutuhan keluarga. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk : 1) kenapa istri nelayan turut serta membantu kebutuhan ekonomi keluarga. 2) untuk mengetahui bentuk kegiatan apa saja yang dilakukan istri nelayan dalam memenuhi kebutuhan ekonomi. 3) bagaimana pembagian waktu sebagai ibu rumah tangga dan sebagai pekerja. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif, data yang digunakan penelitian ini terdiri dari data primer dan data skunder dengan teknik pengumpulan datanya yaitu observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi, kemudian analisis data yang digunakan yaitu, reduksi data, penyajian data dan verifikasi data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) Istri bekerja karena ekonomi, pendapatan suami yang tidak memenuhi kebutuhan keluarga, budaya. (2) Bentuk kegiatan istri nelayan di Desa Gebang Mekar yaitu buruh pengupas rajungan dan membuka warung. (3) Pembagian waktu para istri dibagi menjadi tiga yaitu pagi hari, siang dan sore hari, dan pada waktu malam hari. (a) Nelayan sangat bergantung kepada faktor cuaca jika ingin berangkat ke laut (b) Nelayan tidak mempunyai modal, sehingga mengakibatkan para nelayan bergantung kepada tengkulak (c) Gaya hidup nelayan yang boros, sehingga tidak bisa menabung untuk modal para nelayan. Kata kunci: Istri nelayan bekerja, Studi kasus i

Life history-related organotin body burden in the catadromous eels Anguilla marmorata and A. bicolor pacifica in Vietnam.

In order to understand the ecological risks caused by organotin compounds (OTs) in diadromous fish migrating between sea and freshwater, tributyltin (TBT) and triphenyltin (TPT) compounds, and their breakdown products, were determined in the catadromous eels Anguilla marmorata and A. bicolor pacifica, collected in Vietnam waters. Ontogenic changes in otolith strontium (Sr) and calcium (Ca) concentrations were examined along life history transects in order to determine habitat use in the eel. There were generally no significant correlations between TBT and TPT accumulation and various biological characteristics such as total length (TL) and body weight (BW). In A. bicolor pacifica, TBT and the total butyltin (BT) concentrations of yellow-stage eels (immature eels) were significantly higher than those in silver-stage eels (mature eels). This suggests that yellow-stage eels have a higher risk of contamination by TBT than silver-stage individuals. Positive linear relationships were found between Sr:Ca ratios, total BTs and total phenyltins. These results suggest that the ecological risk of OTs in these eels increases with increasing sea residence period. Thus, migratory history and maturation stage are the most important factor for OT accumulation in catadromous eels

Contamination profiles of antifouling biocides in selected coastal regions of Malaysia

The concentrations of butyltins (BTs) in sediment from Peninsular Malaysia along the Strait of Malacca and their spatial distribution are discussed. The concentrations of BTs were high in the southern part of Peninsular Malaysia where there is a lot of ship traffic, because trade is prosperous. The concentrations of monobutyltin (MBT), dibutyltin (DBT), and tributyltin (TBT) in sediment from the coastal waters of Peninsular Malaysia were in the range 4.1-242 microg/kg dry weight (dw), 1.1-186 microg/kg dw, and 0.7-228 microg/kg dw, respectively. A higher percentage of TBT was observed in the area where TBT concentrations were high. The concentrations of monophenyltin (MPT), diphenyltin (DPT), and triphenyltin (TPT) were in the range <0.1-121 microg/kg dw, 0.4-27 microg/kg dw, and 0.1-34 microg/kg dw in sediment from Peninsular Malaysia, respectively. MPT was the dominant phenyltin species. MBT, DBT, and TBT in green mussel (Perna viridis) samples were detected in the range 41-102 microg/kg, 3-5 microg/kg, and 8-32 microg/kg, respectively. A tolerable average residue level (TARL) was estimated at 20.4 microg/kg from a tolerable daily intake (TDI) of 0.25 microg TBTO/kg body weight/day. The maximum value of TBT detected in green mussel samples was the value near the TARL. TPTs were not detected in green mussel samples. The concentrations of Diuron and Irgarol 1051 in sediment from Peninsular Malaysia were in the range <0.1-5 microg/kg dw and <0.1-14 microg/kg dw, respectively. High concentrations of these compounds were observed in locations where the concentrations of TBT were high. Sea Nine 211, Dichlofluanid, and Pyrithiones were not detected in sediment. The concentrations of antifouling biocides in Melaka and the Strait of Johor were investigated in detail. BTs were found in similar concentrations among all sampling sites from Melaka, indicating that BT contamination spread off the coast. However, Sea Nine 211, Diuron, and Irgarol 1051 in the sediment from Melaka were high at the mouth of the river. BT concentrations at the Strait of Johor were higher than those in Peninsular Malaysia and Melaka and were high at the narrowest locations with poor flushing of water. The concentrations of antifouling biocides were compared among Malaysia, Thailand, and Vietnam. A higher concentration and wide variations of TBT and TPT in sediment from Malaysia were observed among these countries. The Irgarol 1051 concentrations in sediment from Malaysia were higher than those in Thailand and Vietnam

Differences in bioaccumulation and transfer ability between tributyltin and triphenyltin from parental female to offspring in viviparous surfperch Ditrema temmincki

To examine the risk of transgenerational transfer of organotin compounds (OTs) in fish, tributyltin (TBT) and triphenyltin (TPT) compounds and their breakdown products were determined in both parental females and offspring of viviparous surfperch Ditrema temmincki collected from Japanese coastal waters. TBT concentrations (Mean ± SD) in the offspring (34 ± 5.7 ng Sn g−1 wet wt) were significantly higher (10–17 times) than in the parental females (2.8 ± 1.0 ng Sn g−1 wet wt). In the offspring, TBT was the predominant butyltin compound (82 ± 1.6% ∑BTs = TBT + DBT + MBT), and represented a greater proportion than in the parental females (51 ± 9.3% as TBT). TPT concentrations were significantly lower than TBT, and the ratio of TPT in parental females, relative to offspring, was different from TBT. TPT concentrations in the offspring (0.8 ± 0.3 ng Sn g−1 wet wt) were almost identical to those in the parental females (1.0 ± 0.5 ng Sn g−1 wet wt). TPT was the predominant phenyltin (∑PTs = TPT + DPT + MPT) in both offspring (73 ± 12% as TPT) and parental females (72 ± 18% as TPT). Results suggest that the transfer rate of TBT from parent to offspring could be much faster than its degradation rate in the offspring, accounting for higher accumulation of TBT in the latter. In contrast, the transfer rate of TPT is slower than its biodegradation, leading to a lower concentration of TPT in the offspring. It is therefore likely that the offspring might be at a higher risk from TBT than the parental females during their early growth stage in ovary in the viviparous surfperch whereas exposure to TPT is comparable in both generations

ショウカキ ガン ノ カガク リョウホウチュウ ニ ショウジタ pinch-off syndrome ノ 3ショウレイ

Recently Implanted central venous catheter ports（CV ports）are more commonly used inpatients with cancer when long-term venous access is needed for the administration of chemotherapy,antibiotics and nutritional support. Pinch-off syndrome occurs when chronic compressionforces between the clavicle and the first rib. We report three patients with pinch-off syndrome.Case 1 : Two months after placement, the chest radiograph showed grade 2 pinch-off sign. Case 2 :Two months after placement, the chest CT showed complete transection of the catheter at thelevel of the clavicle. The distal fragment was in the hepatic vein, the inferior vena cava and theright atrium. Case 3 : A palpable mass was noticed below the right clavicle when the port wasaccessed. The chest radiograph showed grade 2 pinch-off sign. Removing the catheter, it wasfractured. The distal fragment was in the superior vena cava. Six months after replacement,complete transection of the catheter was occurred. The distal fragment was in the right ventricle.All this distal fragment of the catheter could be retrieved percutaneously with a transvenous snare.Pinch-off syndrome is the potential for serious complication, we study how to prevent pinch-offsyndrome

スイトウ ジュウニシチョウ セツジョ オ オコナッタ カン スイ ジュウニシチョウ シンジュン, ナイロウ ケイセイ ケッチョウ ガン

In spite of approach with hepatic flexure of the colon and Ⅱ nd portion of the duodenum, theevent of colo-duodenal fistula due to colon cancer is rare. We report a case of colo-duodenal fistuladue to colon cancer, invade with liver, pancreas and duodenum, 62-year-old female with severeanemia. She underwent right hemicolectomy with pancreatoduodenectomy and partial hepatectomy.On postoperative 2 years, the recurrence of the solitary lymphnode-metastasis was appearedon the left-side cervix

Imposex in Thais gradata as a biomarker for TBT contamination on the southern coast of Peninsular Malaysia

Thais gradata samples were collected from six locations along the southern shores of Peninsular Malaysia and analyzed for imposex incidence and organotin (butyltins (BTs), including tributyltin, dibutyltin, and monobutyltin, and phenyltins (PTs), including triphenyltin, diphenyltin, and monophenyltin concentrations), in tissue burden. On average, the BT levels were found to be higher than the levels reported a year before for other biota. In contrast, the PT compounds were found to be lower than in the previous report. The present study also classified the morphological expressions of the imposex scheme for this species into seven stages (stage 0 to stage 6) by observing the development of vas deference sequence (VDS) and penis bulk. This latest imposex scheme clearly indicates the mechanism of VDS growth, the structural changes from penis bulk to a penis with flagellum, and from a normal vaginal opening to a swollen vaginal opening. The degree of imposex was assessed using the vas deference sequence index and the percentage of females possessing the imposex characteristics. It was found that locations possessing high imposex levels also tended to show high BT levels in the snail tissue samples. However, correlation analysis did not show a significant relationship among the two parameters. A better result could be obtained if more samples and sampling locations were added in order to prove the hypothesis. The nonsignificant correlation between the shell height and any of the organotin compounds, along with no significant differences between BT levels in female and lower imposex stage samples, suggests that the BT concentration detected was a recent contamination