Provision of reactive power services by energy communities in MV distribution networks

The paper presents a procedure for the optimal operation of a community of prosumers connected to a medium voltage distribution network equipped with generation and storage units that considers the penalization for low power factor operation, the exploitation of direct exchanges of both active and reactive power between the prosumers and the provision of reactive power services by the community to the local distribution system operator and the transmission system operator. The proposed procedure calculates the maximum and minimum reactive power deviations that each community participant can provide with respect to the reference profile. A deterministic day-ahead scheduling problem is considered assuming the forecast of load and photovoltaic production known without uncertainties. The formulation of the optimization problems and the solution computational requirements are suitable for the inclusion in a stochastic approach. The effectiveness of the approach is supported by numerical simulations of the daily scheduling for different test cases

The concentration parameter thermal microstresses as the thermophysical characteristics of two-phase materials

The increase in the emission of greenhouse gases (GHG) is one of the most important problems in the world. Decreasing GHG emissions will be a big challenge in the future. The transportation sector uses a significant part of petroleum production in the world, and this leads to an increase in the emission of GHG. The result of this issue is that the population of the world befouls the environment by the transportation system automatically. Electric Vehicles (EV) have the potential to solve a big part of GHG emission and energy efficiency issues such as the stability and reliability of energy. Therefore, the EV and grid relation is limited to the Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) or Grid-to-Vehicle (G2V) function. Consequently, the grid has temporary energy storage in EVs’ batteries and electricity in exchange for fossil energy in vehicles. The energy actors and their research teams have determined some targets for 2050; hence, they hope to decrease the world temperature by 6 °C, or at least by 2 °C in the normal condition. Fulfilment of these scenarios requires suitable grid infrastructure, but in most countries, the grid does not have a suitable background to apply in those scenarios. In this paper, some problems regarding energy scenarios, energy storage systems, grid infrastructure and communication systems in the supply and demand side of the grid are reviewed

Test case data of the paper Optimization model for the analysis of multiple energy communities in the same distribution network with different providers, accepted for the presentation at the IEEE PowerTech Conference, Belgrade, June 25-29, 2023

The test cases of the paper 'Optimization model for the analysis of multiple energy communities in the same distribution network with different providers' refer to a deterministic day-ahead optimization. The file contains the per unit load profiles used in all the test cases obtained by the CREST tool using various numbers of dwellings, the profiles of (πbuy) and (πsell) for the two different power providers, and the profile of the ratio between power output and panel surface assumed the same for all PV units

Data of paper "Provision of reactive power services by energy communities in MV distribution networks"

Data file of the paper:Provision of reactive power services by energy communities in MV distribution networksby Tohid Harighi, Alberto Borghetti, Fabio Napolitano, Fabio TossaniAccepted for publication in Sustainable Energy, Grids and Networks, 2023https://doi.org/10.1016/j.segan.2023.101038The numerical tests included in the paper consider three different test cases. The complete set of data of the 3 test cases is included in the Excel file. The file contains also the schemes of the networks, the 96 period per unit load profiles used in all the test cases obtained by the CREST tool using different numbers of dwellings, the daily profiles of (πbuy) and (πsell), and the daily profile of the ratio between power output and panel surface, assumed the same for all PV units.THIS DATASET IS ARCHIVED AT DANS/EASY, BUT NOT ACCESSIBLE HERE. TO VIEW A LIST OF FILES AND ACCESS THE FILES IN THIS DATASET CLICK ON THE DOI-LINK ABOV

Test case data of the paper Optimization model for the analysis of multiple energy communities in the same distribution network with different providers, accepted for the presentation at the IEEE PowerTech Conference, Belgrade, June 25-29, 2023

The test cases of the paper 'Optimization model for the analysis of multiple energy communities in the same distribution network with different providers' refer to a deterministic day-ahead optimization. The file contains the per unit load profiles used in all the test cases obtained by the CREST tool using various numbers of dwellings, the profiles of (πbuy) and (πsell) for the two different power providers, and the profile of the ratio between power output and panel surface assumed the same for all PV units.THIS DATASET IS ARCHIVED AT DANS/EASY, BUT NOT ACCESSIBLE HERE. TO VIEW A LIST OF FILES AND ACCESS THE FILES IN THIS DATASET CLICK ON THE DOI-LINK ABOV

Optimization Model for the Analysis of Multiple Energy Communities in the Same Distribution Network with Different Providers

The current regulatory framework allows the presence of more than one community in the same distribution network. Participation in a community allows direct power exchanges with the other members. Users are free to take part in a community or not and they can also choose a different energy provider from those of the other participants. By means of a specifically developed optimization model, the paper analyzes the effects of the presence of multiple communities and of different providers. The model defines the price of the transactions among the community participants as shadow prices of the relevant balance constraints. The day-ahead scheduling for different numbers and configurations of energy communities are presented for the IEEE 123-bus feeder test system. The results show that procurement costs increase as the number of communities increases. Scheduling of transactions among participants in the same community is affected by the tariffs set by different providers

Electric vehicle charge stations location analysis and determination—Ankara (Turkey) case study

Locating electric vehicle charge stations has always been an important problem for electric distributers. Many basic and complex solutions have been provided by algorithms and methods to solve this problem in real and assumed grids. However, the data, which has been used in those algorithms, are not consistent with the diversity of locations, thus, do not meet the expected results. Grid locations are the most important aspects of this issue in the eyes of designers, investors, and the general public. Locating charge stations must be determined by plans which have influenced majority in the society. In some countries, power quality has been increased by storages, which are used in vehicle-to-grid (V2G) and similar operations. In this paper, all of the variables for locating charging stations are explained according to Ankara metropolitan. During the implemented analysis and literature reviews, an algorithm, based on location and grid priorities and infrastructures, are 154 kV and 33 kV, have been designed. Genetic algorithms have been used to demonstrate this method even though other algorithms can also be adopted to meet the priority

Voltage Optimization in Distribution Networks using EV Parking Lots and PV systems as flexibility options

This paper focuses on the exploitation of the flexibility service that can be provided by photovoltaic units and parking lots equipped with electric vehicle charging stations for the optimization of the voltage profile in a medium voltage distribution network. The flexibility options are constituted by: curtailment of active power injection as well as reactive power injection/absorption of the photovoltaic units, and variation of the power consumption by parking lots. The flexibility service is activated by a request of the distribution system operator. The paper presents a short-term optimization model that minimizes the voltage deviations, including the typical constraints of the distribution system operation and a limit on the procurement expenses of the flexibility services. The characteristics and performances of the proposed approach are illustrated by using the 123-bus test feeder