Power System Stability Studies Using Matlab

The stability of an interconnected power system is its ability to return to normal or stable operation after having been subjected to some form of disturbance. With interconnected systems continually growing in size and extending over vast geographical regions, it is becoming increasingly more difficult to maintain synchronism between various parts of the power system. • In our project we have studied the various types of stability- steady state stability, transient state stability and the swing equation and its solution using numerical methods using MATLAB and Simulink . • We have presented the solution of swing equation for transient stability analysis using three different methods – Point-by-Point method, Modified Euler method and Runge-Kutta method. • Modern power systems have many interconnected generating stations, each with several generators and many loads. So our study is not limited to one-machine system but we have also studied multi-machine stability. • We study the small-signal performance of a machine connected to a large system through transmission lines. We gradually increase the model detail by accounting for the effects of the dynamics of the field circuit. We have analysed the small-signal performance using eigen value analysis. • Further a more detailed transient stability analysis is done whereby the classical model is slightly improved upon by taking into account the effect of damping towards transient stability response. Characteristics of the various components of a power system during normal operating conditions and during disturbances have been examined, and effects on the overall system performance are analyzed

Counter-Terrorism Efforts by Government in case of hostage taking by negotiation and bargaining: A Game Theoretic Analysis

This paper talks about the short term and long-term terrorist and the scenario of hostage taking. It takes into consideration whether the government should negotiate with them or not. It goes on to look into the expenditure by government on anti-terrorist activities depending upon the incidence of attacks and the political stability

Phytochemical Screening and Antioxidant Activity of Methanolic Extract of Ocimum Sanctum Linn. Leaves

The phytochemicals present in plants are responsible for preventing disease and promoting health have been studied extensively to establish their efficacy and to understand the underlying mechanism of their action. Such studies have included identification and isolation of the chemical components, establishment of their biological potency both by in vitro and in vivo studies in experimental animals and through epidemiological and clinical-case control studies in man. Study findings suggest that phytochemicals may reduce the risk of coronary heart disease by preventing the oxidation of low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, reducing the synthesis or absorption of cholesterol, normalizing blood pressure and clotting, and improving arterial elasticity. Phytochemicals may detoxify substances that cause cancer. They appear to neutralize free radicals, inhibit enzymes that activate carcinogens, and activate enzymes that detoxify carcinogens. They observed that, the Ocimum sanctum Linn has also been suggested to possess, anticancer, anti-diabetic, anti-fertility, antifungal, antimicrobial, cardio protective, analgesic, antispasmodic and adaptogenic actions. Eugenol (1-hydroxy-2methoxy-4-allylbenzene) is the active constituents present in Ocimum sanctum Linn. Indian traditional shrub tulsi (Ocimum sanctums): They unique medicinal plant. They observed that, Ocimum sanctum heals many diseases chronically due to its chemical constituent and believes that it has anti- ageing, immunomodulatory property along with antimicrobial and anticancer property. Phytochemical analysis of aqueous extract of Ocimum sanctum. They observed that, the plant is known to possess antiseptic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antistress, immunomodulatory, hypoglycemic, hypertensive and antioxidant properties. The dried powder of Tulsi (100g) was placed in the thimble of Soxhlet apparatus.500 ml of distilled water was used as a solvent

Threat to Ambient Air Quality Due to Poor Municipal Solid Waste Management: A Case Study in and around Vuasuni Dumping Site, Bhubaneswar, Odisha , India.

The objective of this study is to assess the state of air quality near municipal solid waste dumping site of the smart city Bhubaneswar, Odisha,India. Air Quality Index (AQI) in the study area has been calculated by measuring parameters like particulate matter (PM10, PM2.5), sulphur dioxide (SO2), oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and carbonmonoxide (CO). Air status from AQI study depicts moderately pollution at dumping site (AQI=51.9). Corelation study shows a strongly direct relation among AQI and PM10 (r=0.964). Regression study reflects PM10 is good at predicting AQI (R2=0.93065, p<0.0001). Multiple linear regression (MLR) study predicts AQI with very less error(rss=0.0003) where PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NOx and CO are independent variables. This study also identifies potential sources of pollution and the extent of air pollution. In addition, management strategies have been proposed to minimize the effects of pollutants. Key words: AQI, Air Pollution, PM10, MLR, Wind rose DOI: 10.7176/JEES/9-2-02

CFR: A Finite Volume Approach for Computing Incompressible Viscous Flow

An incompressible unsteady viscous two-dimensional Navier-Stokes solver is developed by using “Consistent Flux Reconstruction” method. In this solver, the full Navier-Stokes equations have been solved numerically using a collocated finite volume scheme. In the present investigation, numerical simulations have been carried out for unconfined flow past a single circular cylinder with both structured and unstructured grids. In structured grid, quadrilateral cells are used whereas triangular elements are used in unstructured grid. Simulations are performed at Reynolds number (Re) = 100 and 200. Flow simulation over a NACA0002 airfoil at Re = 1000 using unstructured grid based solver is also reported. The vortex shedding phenomena is mainly investigated in the flow. It is observed that the nature of flow depends strongly on the value of the Reynolds number. The present results are found to be in satisfactory agreement with several numerical results and a few experimental results available from literature

Селянське і шляхетне, селянське і міське: взаємозв’язок народної та елітарної культури в середземноморській баладі про шляхетну пастушку

The plot of the Mediterranean ballad in the Romance tradition, known under the title of Noble pastora (the Noble Shepherdess), is analysed in this paper, largely on the examples of Castillian and Dalmatian variants. It is emphasised that this ballad is one in which philological criticism has identified the existence of genetic affinity between Greek, Albanian, Croatian, Italian, French and Hispanic ballads.U članku autor istražuje mediteranske balade priču o plemenitih pastira, kao i tekst, što aktsentualizuyetsya semantički aspekt slike žena u smislu seljačkog mentaliteta nasuprot mentalitetu plemenite elite. Glavni ženski lik ove balade smatra se u pogledu obiteljskih i društvenih odnosa

An innervated skin 3D in vitro model for dermatological research

A 3D in vitro model of innervated skin would be a useful tool in dermatological research to study the effect of different chemicals and compounds on the sensory properties of skin. Current innervated skin models are limited in composition and often composed of ex vivo skin explants and/or animal-derived material. In this study, our aim was to develop a human innervated skin model with a better biomimicry composition for in vitro research. Fibrin hydrogel and aligned electrospun fibers of poly(ethylene oxide terephthalate)/poly(butylene terephthalate) (PEOT/PBT) were used as a scaffold to generate the 3D in vitro model. The skin component was made of primary human keratinocytes and primary human fibroblasts, while the neuronal component was composed of iPSC-derived sensory neurons. Our results showed that the dermal component consisted of fibroblasts and synthesized collagen. The epidermal component was characterized by the expression of keratins 10 and 14, and involucrin. Finally, sensory neurons extended axons throughout the scaffold and reached the epidermis. Treating the model with a capsaicin solution for 30 min, which was performed as a proof of concept test for sensitization studies, resulted into partial depletion of substance P and tubulin β3. This model could be used for studying skin-neuron interactions and cutaneous toxicity.</p

Three-dimensional full loop simulation of solids circulation in an interconnected fluidized bed

-D full loop CFD simulation of solids circulation is conducted in a complicated circulating-fluidized bed, which consists of a riser, a bubbling bed, a cyclone and a loop-seal. The effects of operating gas velocity, particle size and total solids inventory on the solids circulation rate are investigated based on the system pressure balance of an interconnected fluidized bed. CFD results indicate that the gas velocity in the riser plays a dominant role in controlling the solids circulation rate, whilst the gas velocity in the pot-seal influences in a narrow operating range. The solids circulation rate is strongly influenced by particle size and total solids inventory, but becomes insensitive to the operating conditions in the bubbling bed when the gas velocity is higher than the minimum fluidization velocity