6,619 research outputs found
Coronagraph particulate measurements. Skylab flight experiment T025
Major results of the Skylab T025 Coronagraph experiment designed to monitor the particulate contamination about the spacecraft and to study the earth's atmospheric aerosol distribution are presented. A model for comet outbursts based on the properties of amorphous ice and ground based narrow-band and white light photography of comet Kohoutek ten days to perihelion are included. The effect of atmospheric refraction on the analysis of the T025 atmospheric data was also investigated
Quantum Phase Transitions in Anti-ferromagnetic Planar Cubic Lattices
Motivated by its relation to an -hard problem, we analyze the
ground state properties of anti-ferromagnetic Ising-spin networks embedded on
planar cubic lattices, under the action of homogeneous transverse and
longitudinal magnetic fields. This model exhibits a quantum phase transition at
critical values of the magnetic field, which can be identified by the
entanglement behavior, as well as by a Majorization analysis. The scaling of
the entanglement in the critical region is in agreement with the area law,
indicating that even simple systems can support large amounts of quantum
correlations. We study the scaling behavior of low-lying energy gaps for a
restricted set of geometries, and find that even in this simplified case, it is
impossible to predict the asymptotic behavior, with the data allowing equally
good fits to exponential and power law decays. We can therefore, draw no
conclusion as to the algorithmic complexity of a quantum adiabatic ground-state
search for the system.Comment: 7 pages, 13 figures, final version (accepted for publication in PRA
Strain induced half-metal to semiconductor transition in GdN
We have investigated the electronic structure and magnetic properties of GdN
as a function of unit cell volume. Based on the first-principles calculations
of GdN, we observe that there is a transformation in conduction properties
associated with the volume increase: first from halfmetallic to semi-metallic,
then ultimately to semiconducting. We show that applying stress can alter the
carrier concentration as well as mobility of the holes and electrons in the
majority spin channel. In addition, we found that the exchange parameters
depend strongly on lattice constant, thus the Curie temperature of this system
can be enhanced by applying stress or doping impurities.Comment: 9 pages, 3 figure
Microbial effects
Includes bibliographical references (pages 167-176).The recommendations for microbiological research needs are based on the following general scenario: a) increased atmospheric CO2 will increase crop productivities by 10-40%, depending on crop and geographic area, which in turn will increase biomass and soil organic matter by 5-40%; b) additional root-derived materials and crop residue in the soil will increase soil microbial activities, producing a greater flux in most major cycles and possibly some changes in pool sizes of -10% to +30%; c) these effects will increase biological Nz fixation, and the increased demand for N will place significant limitations on phosphorus and other mineral nutrients; d) no significant changes will occur in soil O2 or CO2. The postulated doubling of atmospheric CO2 is not likely to have a direct effect on soil microbial activity because during the growing season, the concentration of CO2 in the soil atmosphere is already ten to fifty times higher than existing atmospheric CO2. Based on all available experimental information, it is estimated that a doubling of atmospheric CO2 will cause an increase in primary productivity of ten to forty percent, depending on locale. The increase in biomass will, in turn, produce a limitation of available soil nutrients, especially nitrogen and phosphorus. Increased organic carbon together with nitrogen and/or phosphorus limitation will result in a preferential increase in nitrogen fixation and mycorrhizal activities as the expedient means for supplying required nutrients to sustain the predicted increase in primary productivity. Therefore, increased emphasis should be placed on fundamental research related to soil microbiology with special reference to nitrogen-fixing, nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria, and to the mycorrhizal fungi
Magneto-elastic coupling and unconventional magnetic ordering in triangular multiferroic AgCrS2
The temperature evolution of the crystal and magnetic structures of
ferroelectric sulfide AgCrS2 have been investigated by means of neutron
scattering. AgCrS2 undergoes at TN = 41.6 K a first-order phase transition,
from a paramagnetic rhombohedral R3m to an antiferromagnetic monoclinic
structure with a polar Cm space group. In addition to being ferroelectric below
TN, the low temperature phase of AgCrS2 exhibits an unconventional collinear
magnetic structure that can be described as double ferromagnetic stripes
coupled antiferromagnetically, with the magnetic moment of Cr+3 oriented along
b within the anisotropic triangular plane. The magnetic couplings stabilizing
this structure are discussed using inelastic neutron scattering results.
Ferroelectricity below TN in AgCrS2 can possibly be explained in terms of
atomic displacements at the magneto-elastic induced structural distortion.
These results contrast with the behavior of the parent frustrated
antiferromagnet and spin-driven ferroelectric AgCrO2
On the order of summability of the Fourier inversion formula
In this article we show that the order of the point value, in the sense of Łojasiewicz, of a tempered distribution and the order of summability of the pointwise Fourier inversion formula are closely related. Assuming that the order of the point values and certain order of growth at infinity are given for a tempered distribution, we estimate the order of summability of the Fourier inversion formula. For Fourier series, and in other cases, it is shown that if the distribution has a distributional point value of order k, then its Fourier series is e.v. Cesàro summable to the distributional point value of order k+1. Conversely, we also show that if the pointwise Fourier inversion formula is e.v. Cesàro summable of order k, then the distribution is the (k+1)-th derivative of a locally integrable function, and the distribution has a distributional point value of order k+2. We also establish connections between orders of summability and local behavior for other Fourier inversion problems
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