49 research outputs found
âMaking us see scienceâ : visual images in popular science articles and science journalism
The article explores how scientific research and scientists are
represented visually in popular science and science journalism.
It discusses communicative functions and cultural meanings of
visual elements in science stories. Drawing on concepts from the
visual grammar developed by Gunther Kress and Theo van Leeuwen,
the author indicates how different kinds of modality are used to
address the audience in popular science articles in Scientific
American and Illustrert Vitenskap (a Scandinavian magazine).
It is argued that the visual elements in popular scientific magazines
are conventionally arranged in a manner coinciding with a pedagogical/
educational intent typical of much popular science, taking the
readers from a reality they are presumed to have experienced towards
more abstract scientific knowledge. However, the two magazines
analyzed differ markedly with respect to the audience competence
that they implicate in their visual representations. The level
of visual abstraction in Scientific American contributes to creating
an identity for its audience as belonging to well-educated and advanced
elites, as opposed to the images of Illustrert Vitenskap,
where the emphasis is to a larger extent on a naturalistic coding.
The author goes on to discuss how photographs, visual composition
and verbal text work together in a multimodal rhetoric typical of
many science and health stories in Norwegian newspapers
FĂžrti Ă„r i forskningens tjeneste : presentasjon av en studie av forskningsomtale i A-magasinet og VG
Artikkelen presenterer en studie som analyserer artikler om "fremvoksende" medisinsk eller
naturvitenskapelig forskning i VG og A-magasinet. Artikler fra 1966, 1986 og 2006 er valgt
ut for nÊranalyse av verbale og visuelle dimensjoner. Analysen antyder hvordan mÄten Ä
representere forskningen pÄ endrer seg fra betydelig troskap mot vitenskapens egne diskurser
og mot en tydeligere journalistisk bearbeiding av forskningen, der denne tilpasses
journalistiske krav til vinkling og godt stoff. Men studien tyder ikke pÄ at denne
journalistikken har utviklet et selvstendig stÄsted hvorfra den kan belyse utviklinger i
forskning pÄ en kritisk mÄte
"Pandemisk paranoia"? En analyse av nyhetsomtalen av "svineinfluensaen" i norske aviser
The study analyzes how a selection of Norwegian newspapers represented the swine flu in two critical phases in 2009. The analysis suggests how the news coverage was one-dimensional. Little space was provided for critical perspectives. With some exceptions in the subscription-based Stavanger Aftenblad and Aftenposten, the newspapers barely included lay perspectives. Information from health authorities was amplified in a crisis discourse, a key function seemingly being to scare people into precautionary action. A rhetoric of fear was most pronounced in the tabloids Dagbladet and VG, whereas Aftenpostenâs coverage could appear as a confusing mixture of alarming and comforting messages. However, the analysis indicates how Stavanger Aftenblad in a different way than the other papers could represent lay persons as responsible citizens. To a greater extent, Stavanger Aftenbladâs coverage lived up to dialogical ideals of risk communication and journalism.RĂ„det for anvendt medieforsknin
Dialogue as a Journalistic Ideal
Discussions and practices related to participatory and interactive journalism emphasize the dialogical aspects of journalism. However, throughout history, the idea of dialogue in journalism has taken a variety of forms. This paper places dialogue as a journalistic ideal under scrutiny. Our aim is twofold: first, we map out the development and different functions of the ideal in some decisive eras in the history of journalism and in the current context of digital journalism; second, we present a model of how to best capture and understand the significance of dialogue to contemporary journalism. The model is based on an exploration of philosophical preconditions for dialogue as an ideal in journalism. We will also look at the significance of dialogue in different genres and in interactive dimensions of journalism
The Literary Journalist as Fellow Human Being
Three contemporary Norwegian literary journalists discuss the responsibilities of the literary journalist, and the problematic ideals of their genr
âAdd Twitter and Stirâ:The Use of Twitter by Public Authorities in Norway and UK during the 2014-15 Ebola outbreak
This article examines how Norwegian and UK health authorities used social media, and especially Twitter, during the 2014-15 Ebola outbreak. The microblogging service has been regarded as a promising medium for crisis communicators due to its immediacy and dialogical potential. Twitter allows communicators to respond directly to users? concerns and provide them with more precisely tailored information. However, scholars have raised questions over organizations? ability to respond to the the medium. We address these questions in two ways: 1. we examine the social media strategies adopted by the health authorities at the time of the outbreak. 2. we conduct an analysis of tweets produced by health authorities concerning the Ebola outbreak. Our analyses display some differences between UK and Norwegian authorities in terms of the strategies they adopted and the tweets they produced. However, neither country fully exploited Twitter?s dialogical potential. Both countries authorities preferred a vertically integrated approach with minimal opportunities for the public to engage and little monitoring of the wider Twitter ?conversations?. We conclude that the emergence of social media has not led to a paradigm shift in crisis communication for these countries? health authorities, rather to an evolution and adaption of practices and policies.publishersversionPeer reviewe
FĂžrti Ă„r i forskningens tjeneste. Fremvoksende naturvitenskapelig og medisinsk forskning i A-magasinet og VG i 1966, 1986, 2006
Hva kjennetegner journalistiske representasjoner av forskere og forskning i forskjellige
perioder fra 1966 til 2006? PÄ hvilke mÄter har representasjonene endret seg?
Denne studien presenterer en sammenliknende kritisk diskursanalyse av artikler som tar
for seg "fremvoksende" medisinsk eller naturvitenskapelig forskning i VG og A-magasinet.
Eksemplariske artikler fra 1966, 1986 og 2006 er valgt ut for nĂŠranalyse av verbale og
visuelle dimensjoner. Analysen belyser fÞlgende spÞrsmÄl: Hvilket vitenskapsbilde skaper
artiklene i utvalget? Hvor sikker/usikker fremstÄr kunnskapen i den forskningen som omtales?
Hvilket bilde skaper artiklene av forholdet mellom ulike aktĂžrer (som forskerkilder, journalist
og det impliserte publikum)?
Analysen antyder blant annet at en monologisk "forsiktighetsdiskurs" dominerte i denne
typen artikler i 1966. I 1986 er artiklene preget av en mer lovprisende diskurs som fremstiller
forskning som en aktivitet med et betydelig potensial for innovasjon og problemlĂžsning. I
2006 er det bÄde i A-magasinet og VG typisk Ä presentere en blanding av kategoriske
ytringer pÄ fremtredende steder i layout og en mer forsiktig og forbeholden diskurs pÄ mindre
fremtredende steder i oppslagene.
MÄten Ä representere forskningen pÄ endrer seg fra en stor grad av en troskap mot
vitenskapens egne diskurser og mot en mer tydelig journalistisk bearbeiding av forskningen,
der denne tilpasses journalistiske krav til vinkling og godt stoff â og krav til salgbarhet pĂ„ et
marked. I trÄd med dette skjer det en endring fra et fokus pÄ forskningens problemstillinger
og prosesser og til en stĂžrre oppmerksomhet rettet mot forskningens resultater og
anvendelser. Tilsvarende er det en tendens som gÄr fra Ä fremstille forskning som en
teorimodifiserende prosess/grunnforskning og mot Ă„ fremstille forskning som en virksomhet i
"applikasjonskonteksten" som avdekker sammenhenger, og utvikler innovasjoner,
anvendelser og "nyttig" kunnskap.
Trass i at omtalen av forskning de siste 40 Ă„rene i stigende blir underlagt journalistikkens
egne struktureringsformer og talemÄter, tyder ikke denne studien pÄ at journalistikken om
forskning i Norge har utviklet et selvstendig stÄsted hvorfra den kan belyse utviklinger i
forskning pÄ en kritisk mÄte
Journalistisk langtidsvarsel: Narrativ analyse av framtidsfortellinger i norske nyhetsmedier
Journalistic stories about the future occur frequently in Norwegian and international news media. But what techniques do journalists use to narrate truthfully about something that has not yet happened? The article discusses how narratological categories can be used to understand and analyze future narratives in contemporary journalism. A key concept is prior narration, i.e. a narrative position where the reported reality does not yet exist, but may arise. A basic premise is that journalistic narratives go beyond the traditional conception of narrative journalism, that is, retrospective reportage written in a fictional form. Even conventional news journalism has narrative elements, and such narratives do not have to be about events that have ended. The climate crisis, the coronavirus pandemic and the war in Ukraine are examples of topics that have generated journalistic narratives about the future. The article develops a conceptual framework for analysing such future narratives. We analyse three different texts that illustrate the difference between what we call stories about the future, stories from the future and evocations of the future.Journalistiske fortellinger om framtiden preger bÄde norske og internasjonale nyhetsmedier. Men hvilke teknikker bruker journalistene til Ä fortelle sannferdig om noe som ennÄ ikke har skjedd? Artikkelen diskuterer hvordan narratologiske kategorier kan brukes til Ä forstÄ og diskutere framtidsfortellinger i vÄr tids journalistikk. Et sentralt begrep er foranstilt narrasjon, altsÄ en fortellerposisjon der den rapporterte virkeligheten forelÞpig ikke finnes, men kan komme til Ä oppstÄ. Et grunnleggende premiss er at journalistiske narrativer er noe mer enn den tradisjonelle oppfattelsen av narrativ journalistikk som tilbakeskuende reportasjer skrevet i en skjÞnnlitterÊr form. OgsÄ konvensjonell nyhetsjournalistikk har narrative elementer, og fortellingen behÞver ikke handle om hendelser som er avsluttet. Klimakrisen, koronapandemien og krigen i Ukraina er eksempler pÄ temaer som har generert journalistiske fortellinger om framtiden. Artikkelen utvikler et begrepsapparat for analyse av slike framtidsfortellinger. Vi analyserer tre ulike tekster som illustrerer forskjellen mellom det vi kaller fortellinger om framtiden, fortellinger fra framtiden og frammaninger av framtiden
Reading the national: shifting subjectivities in a stateless nation
"Putting a Face on It analyses and discusses how subjectivity and exposure of individuals now affect most journalistic topics and genres: from politics to sports journalism, from science journalism to journalism about terrorism. Individual exposure and subjectivity affect news and features, photos and front pages, and are at the core of an increasing dialogue with digital media users. One aim of this book is therefore to present some of this variation. Another is to contribute to the discourse about the present state of journalism and where it is heading. Putting a Face on It will appeal to researchers, teachers, students, writers, journalists and other media-interested readers.