Penggunaan Metode Pembelajaran Kooperatif Student Team Achievement Division (STAD) dengan Motivasi Berprestasi pada Mahasiswa Statistika Praktikum Fakultas Psikologi

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk melihat efektivitas penggunaan metode pembelajaran kooperatif STAD terhadap motivasi berprestasi para mahasiswa yang mengikuti mata kuliah Statistika Praktikum. Matakuliah ini merupakan salah satu mata kuliah yang menjadi “momok” bagi para mahasiswa karena tidak pernah meluluskan 100% mahasiswanya. Melalui pembelajaran kooperatif STAD diharapkan dapat membantu para mahasiwa dalam memahami materi dengan lebih baik melalui bantuan orang yang lebih mampu. Dalam penelitian ini orang yang yang lebih mampu tersebut adalah dosen, asisten dosen dan teman satu kelompok. Hasil yang signifikan (p< 0,05) menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan motivasi berprestasi pada mahasiswa yang mengikuti mata kuliah Statistika Praktikum. Terlihat bahwa motivasi berprestasi para mahasiswa tersebut meningkat setelah mengikuti mata kuliah Statistika Praktikum yang menggunakan metode pembelajaran kooperatif STAD

Tradisi dan Lingkungan Sosial Memengaruhi Dukungan Menyusui pada Bayi Berat Badan Lahir Rendah di Kota Malang

Low birthweight (LBW) is one of main causes of infant mortality in the world. World Health Organization in 2003 had recommended breastfeeding for LBW handling. However, LBW mothers face many difficulties during early postpartum period. Moreover, breastfeeding in Indonesia is also influenced by social and cultural belief, so it may influence mothers' decision whether remain breastfeeding or not in early postpartum period. This study aimed to explore the meaning of the experience of mothers to remain breastfeeding their LBW infants. This qualitative study was conducted using phenomenological approach. Seven participants were mothers ever breastfeeding their LBW infants. Data were collected through semi-structured in-depth interview, observation and secondary data on May – June 2015. Data analysis used Colaizzi method (1978). There were four themes found namely introduction of breastfeeding since early for LBW infants, granting of early complementary feeding as an alternative to overcome breastfeeding problem, cultural belief and social environment influencing support for breastfeeding mothers as well as accepting breastfeeding as the very nature of woman. Breastfeeding LBW infants has higher difficulty le-vel, also any tradition family believe and social environment really affect support given to mothers in breastfeeding

Substraksi Background Dan Deteksi Bayangan Pada Citra Grayscale Sekuensial

Ekstraksi objek pada suatu citra grayscale dengan background yang tidak tetap merupakan hal yang rumit sehingga membutuhkan pendekatan dengan computer vision. Penelitian ini menerapkan proses substraksi background dan deteksi bayangan untuk mendapatkan bentuk dari objek yang diinginkan. Proses substraksi bayangan membutuhkan background model yang diperoleh dari pengolah citra sekuensial input dari pengguna. Tujuan dari background model ini adalah untuk menentukan pengelompokan piksel sebagai background atau sebagai objek. Proses deteksi bayangan akan mengkalkulasikan nilai piksel objek dengan background model menggunakan normalized cross-correlation (NCC) untuk melihat apakah nilai objek adalah suatu penguatan nilai dari background model yang menandakan piksel tersebut adalah bayangan. Penelitian ini akan mengimplementasikan metode tersebut dan menganalisa hasil serta pengaruh input pengguna untuk mendapatkan hasil substraksi background dan deteksi bayangan yang optimal

Protocol Study: Intervention Model of School Health Nursing for a Prevention of Adolescent Pregnancy

Adolescent pregnancy is a global concern. Pregnancies and births in adolescents bring them to get pregnancy complications. The interventions for pregnancy prevention in schools is one of the options that can be done. The purpose of the study is to determine the effect of school health nursing through the personal and social skills training for the primary prevention of adolescent pregnancy. This study is a quasi-experimental research design with nonequivalent (pretest and posttest) control group design. The outcome of the study was individual behavior change that includes confidence, a healthy dating, attitude in decision making, attitude on say no to premarital sex, and overcome the pressure of the group. This study will take place in high school A and Bin Yogyakarta that was selected based on purposive sampling. The study will be held from January to September 2016. At the intervention group, before the intervention, school nurses must first undergo a personal and social skills training. In addition, the school nurses are also trained to be a facilitator for adolescents. The school nurses will then retrain personal and social skills for adolescents in schools through theintervention of school health nursing for six months, while the control group will be given routine reproductive health education. If the school health nursing is effective, it will prevent adolescent pregnancy. This model can then be used widely in schools as an intervention for the prevention of adolescent pregnancy and the improvement of the quality of teenagers’ life. Keywords: Adolescent pregnancy, Adolescent pregnancy prevention, Health education, School health nursing, School nurs

Using highly time-resolved online mass spectrometry to examine biogenic and anthropogenic contributions to organic aerosol in Beijing

Organic aerosols, a major constituent of fine particulate mass in megacities, can be directly emitted or formed from secondary processing of biogenic and anthropogenic volatile organic compound emissions. The complexity of volatile organic compound emission sources, speciation and oxidation pathways leads to uncertainties in the key sources and chemistry leading to formation of organic aerosol in urban areas. Historically, online measurements of organic aerosol composition have been unable to resolve specific markers of volatile organic compound oxidation, while offline analysis of markers focus on a small proportion of organic aerosol and lack the time resolution to carry out detailed statistical analysis required to study the dynamic changes in aerosol sources and chemistry. Here we use data collected as part of the joint UK–China Air Pollution and Human Health (APHH-Beijing) collaboration during a field campaign in urban Beijing in the summer of 2017 alongside laboratory measurements of secondary organic aerosol from oxidation of key aromatic precursors (1,3,5-trimethyl benzene, 1,2,4-trimethyl benzene, propyl benzene, isopropyl benzene and 1-methyl naphthalene) to study the anthropogenic and biogenic contributions to organic aerosol. For the first time in Beijing, this study applies positive matrix factorisation to online measurements of organic aerosol composition from a time-of-flight iodide chemical ionisation mass spectrometer fitted with a filter inlet for gases and aerosols (FIGAERO-ToF-I-CIMS). This approach identifies the real-time variations in sources and oxidation processes influencing aerosol composition at a near-molecular level. We identify eight factors with distinct temporal variability, highlighting episodic differences in OA composition attributed to regional influences and in situ formation. These have average carbon numbers ranging from C5–C9 and can be associated with oxidation of anthropogenic aromatic hydrocarbons alongside biogenic emissions of isoprene, α-pinene and sesquiterpenes

Notes for genera: basal clades of Fungi (including Aphelidiomycota, Basidiobolomycota, Blastocladiomycota, Calcarisporiellomycota, Caulochytriomycota, Chytridiomycota, Entomophthoromycota, Glomeromycota, Kickxellomycota, Monoblepharomycota, Mortierellomycota, Mucoromycota, Neocallimastigomycota, Olpidiomycota, Rozellomycota and Zoopagomycota)

Compared to the higher fungi (Dikarya), taxonomic and evolutionary studies on the basal clades of fungi are fewer in number. Thus, the generic boundaries and higher ranks in the basal clades of fungi are poorly known. Recent DNA based taxonomic studies have provided reliable and accurate information. It is therefore necessary to compile all available information since basal clades genera lack updated checklists or outlines. Recently, Tedersoo et al. (MycoKeys 13:1--20, 2016) accepted Aphelidiomycota and Rozellomycota in Fungal clade. Thus, we regard both these phyla as members in Kingdom Fungi. We accept 16 phyla in basal clades viz. Aphelidiomycota, Basidiobolomycota, Blastocladiomycota, Calcarisporiellomycota, Caulochytriomycota, Chytridiomycota, Entomophthoromycota, Glomeromycota, Kickxellomycota, Monoblepharomycota, Mortierellomycota, Mucoromycota, Neocallimastigomycota, Olpidiomycota, Rozellomycota and Zoopagomycota. Thus, 611 genera in 153 families, 43 orders and 18 classes are provided with details of classification, synonyms, life modes, distribution, recent literature and genomic data. Moreover, Catenariaceae Couch is proposed to be conserved, Cladochytriales Mozl.-Standr. is emended and the family Nephridiophagaceae is introduced