Applications of Chemical Shift Imaging to Marine Sciences

The successful applications of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in medicine are mostly due to the non-invasive and non-destructive nature of MRI techniques. Longitudinal studies of humans and animals are easily accomplished, taking advantage of the fact that MRI does not use harmful radiation that would be needed for plain film radiographic, computerized tomography (CT) or positron emission (PET) scans. Routine anatomic and functional studies using the strong signal from the most abundant magnetic nucleus, the proton, can also provide metabolic information when combined with in vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). MRS can be performed using either protons or hetero-nuclei (meaning any magnetic nuclei other than protons or 1H) including carbon (13C) or phosphorus (31P). In vivo MR spectra can be obtained from single region of interest (ROI or voxel) or multiple ROIs simultaneously using the technique typically called chemical shift imaging (CSI). Here we report applications of CSI to marine samples and describe a technique to study in vivo glycine metabolism in oysters using 13C MRS 12 h after immersion in a sea water chamber dosed with [2-13C]-glycine. This is the first report of 13C CSI in a marine organism

Robust and Fast Whole Brain Mapping of the RF Transmit Field B1 at 7T

In-vivo whole brain mapping of the radio frequency transmit field B1+ is a key aspect of recent method developments in ultra high field MRI. We present an optimized method for fast and robust in-vivo whole-brain B1+ mapping at 7T. The method is based on the acquisition of stimulated and spin echo 3D EPI images and was originally developed at 3T. We further optimized the method for use at 7T. Our optimization significantly improved the robustness of the method against large B1+ deviations and off-resonance effects present at 7T. The mean accuracy and precision of the optimized method across the brain was high with a bias less than 2.6 percent unit (p.u.) and random error less than 0.7 p.u. respectively

Wirtschaftlich-technische Optimierung des Energieversorgungssystems der Bundesrepublik Deutschland anhand eines linearen multikriteriellen Optimierungsmodells

Available from Bibliothek des Instituts fuer Weltwirtschaft, ZBW, Duesternbrook Weg 120, D-24105 Kiel A 160428 / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekSIGLEDEGerman

Wirtschaftlich-technische Optimierung des Energieversorgungssystems der Bundesrepublik Deutschland anhand eines linearen multikriteriellen Optimierungsmodells

SIGLEAvailable from the library of Karlsruhe Univ. (T.H.) (DE) / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekDEGerman

Wirtschaftlich-technische Optimierung des Energieversorgungssystems der Bundesrepublik Deutschland anhand eines linearen mulktikriteriellen Optimierungsmodells

Copy held by FIZ Karlsruhe; available from UB/TIB Hannover / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekSIGLEDEGerman

Strategy for customer expansion

This study offers a description of Schenker Dedicated Services AB (SDS) and their current problem with identifying their most promising target markets and potential customers at these markets. The purpose of the thesis is to explore what possibilities SDS have to reach their objective to grow in terms of new customers, sales, profit and position at the market. The goal with the thesis is to generate a solution for SDS that lowers the costs and the long lead-time, which today is a perceived problem in the process of recruiting new customers. The recruiting time and costs were the underlying reasons that initiated this thesis. In this thesis general guidelines are presented to the management at SDS concerning how they should improve their customer recruiting processes. To reach the conclusions formed as guidelines several internal and external interviews were conducted. These interviews focused on exploring buying behavior and underlying factors that are of high importance for companies with a possible need for a dedicated transport solution. As a result of the conducted interviews, three market channels were identified, namely Tender Management, External Consultants and Account Managers at Schenker, and their suitability was examined. The examination of the market channels focused on `hard values' which represent measurable values concerning goods value, transport distance etc. The more abstract factors referred to as `soft values', such as corporate comparability and strategic willingness to form partnerships are more difficult to measure. Besides the market channels a selection process is presented. This selection process is based on several factors, which SDS should recognize before considering initiating any business negotiations. A selection process that identifies if the adequate hard values are fulfilled should be the first step in the recruiting process of any new customer for SDS. According to the authors SDS should not focus too much on the `hard values' but instead pay more attention to the `soft values' requirements that ought to be fulfilled for successful partnerships in the future. This could be summarized as if a potential customer expresses the right intention from the right strategic level to cooperate, the hard values could be seen as the second most important factor as long as they fit into the framework set up by SDS management