Human development index of Turkey, economic development, relationship nutrition and comparison with selected countriesTürkiye’nin insani gelişme endeksi, ekonomik gelişmişlik, beslenme ilişkisi ve farklı ülkelerle karşılaştırılması

In this study, relationship of human development index, economic development and nutrition was evaluated. Data of Turkey, Norway, Korea, Italy, Greece, Bulgaria, Iran and the United States was compared. General situation in Turkey is evaluated and Solution proposals was presented. In the study, economic size and geographical proximity and similar features with Turkey, high Human Development Indexed countries was selected to compare with many parameters. Comparisons of the countries in terms of human development index and nutritional deficiency, showed similar characteristics with Iran, however, Turkey is dissociated from European countries, Korea and the US. As a result, the economic development level of countries have not seen that much more accurate results in the comparison of the human development index. ÖzetBu çalışmada insani gelişme endeksi, ekonomik gelişmişlik ve beslenme ilişkisi değerlendirilmiştir. Türkiye, Norveç, Kore, İtalya, Yunanistan, Bulgaristan, İran ve Amerika’ya ait veriler karşılaştırılmıştır. Türkiye’nin genel durumu değerlendirilmiş ve çözüm önerileri sunulmuştur. Çalışmada, Türkiye ile ekonomik büyüklük ve coğrafi yakınlık gibi özellikleri benzer ülkeler ve insani gelişmişlik endeksi yüksek olan ülkeler birçok parametre için karşılaştırılmıştır. Karşılaştırmalar, ülkemizin insani gelişmişlik endeksi ve beslenme yetersizliği açısından, İran ile benzer özellikler gösterdiğini ancak Avrupa ülkeleri, Kore ve ABD’den ayrıştığını göstermiştir. Sonuç olarak, ekonomik kalkınmışlık seviyesinin değil ülkeleri karşılaştırmada insani gelişmişlik endeksinin çok daha doğru sonuçlar verdiği görülmüştür

The Impact of Urbanization Development on Economic Growth: the Case of Turkey

Kentleşme, sadece kentlerin sayı ve nüfusunun artması de-ğil, aynı zamananda bu artışla birlikte yaşanan sosyal, kültürel, ekonomik ve siyasi dönüşümler ve bütün bunların doğurduğu sonuçlar, günümüzde toplumun en önemli problemleri arasın-dadır. Bu bağlamda kentleşme bir yandan bireyler için cazip hale gelirken bir yandan önemli boyutta toplumsal ve yapısal bir değişime sürüklemektedir. Türkiye’de kentleşme kavramı önceleri sadece sosyo-ekonomik ve sebepler ile gerçekleşmiştir. Bireyler açısından, sanayileşmenin getirdiği etkiler ile kentler daha çekici hale gelmiştir. Fakat 1980 yıllardan sonra kentlere yönelik göçlerin sebebi terör olayları etkili olmuştur. Çeşitli se-beplerle kırdan kente göç artmaktadır. Bu çalışma Türkiye’de kentleşme sürecinden ve süreçte geçirdiği toplumsal ve yapısal değişikliklerden söz edilecektir. Çalışmada kentleşme ve eko-nomik büyüme değişkenleri arasındaki ilişki Granger nedensel-lik analizi ile test edilecek olup, kentleşmenin yıllar içerisinde Türkiye ekonomisine yaptığı katkı ele alınacak ve politika öne-rileri geliştirilecektir.Urbanization is not only to increase the number and population of the city but also career that increases with expe-rienced social, cultural, economic and political transformations and all of its consequences, is today among the most important problems of society. Urbanization in this context, on the one hand, is attractive to the individual, while at the same time it is driving social and structural change at a significant level. The concept of urbanization in Turkey formerly only been realized with the socio-economic and reason. In terms of individuals, ci-ties have become more attractive with the effects brought by the industrialists. However, after the 1980s, the terrorist move-ments were influenced by the migration to the cities. Immigra-tion to the city is increasing for various reasons. The relations-hip between urbanization and economic growth variables in the study will be tested by Granger causality analysis and will be discussed and the process of social and structural modification in the urbanization process in Turkey. Urbanization of the year is to be discussed in his contribution to Turkey's economy will develop policy recommendations

KONYA-SELÇUKLU İLÇESİNDE 112 ACİL SERVİS İSTASYONLARI YERLEŞİM MODELİ

Emergency (112) health service are vitally important for people. The most important performance indicator of 112 ambulance call system is intervention period of time to the case. It is natural that the duration is closely related to the location of 112 stations. As a result it can be said the shorter duration of intervention to the case is the higher quality of service under given the satisfactory health service assumption. In this study, it is proposed a set covering model to locate the stations optimally in order to minimize the duration of interventions of 112 stations in Selçuklu, Konya. The existent locations of stations are marked on the target area and added new candidate points then calculated the distances between points in time for the formulation of set covering model. The model ran on the GAMS software. The possible improvements are recommended with respect to results.Acil Servis (112) sağlık hizmeti, insanlar için hayati öneme sahiptir. 112 ambulans çağrı sisteminin en önemli performans göstergesi vakaya ulaşım süresidir. Bu süre doğal olarak 112 istasyonlarının konumu ile sıkı bir ilişki içerisindedir. Vakaya ulaşıldığında yeterli sağlık hizmetinin verildiği varsayıldığında, ne kadar kısa müdahale süresi o kadar kaliteli hizmet sonucuna ulaşabiliriz. Bu çalışmada, Konya-Selçuklu ilçesindeki 112 istasyonlarının vakalara müdahale zamanlarını en küçüklemek için en uygun yerleşim yerlerinin belirlenmesine yönelik bir model önerilmektedir. Bu amaçla, hedef bölge üzerinde mevcut istasyonların yerleri işaretlenmiş, eklenilen yeni noktalar ile aralarındaki süreler bulunarak bir küme kapsama modeli elde edilmiştir. Model GAMS yazılımı kullanılarak çözülmüştür. Çözüm sonuçlarına göre yapılabilecek iyileştirmeler önerilmiştir

Evaluation the oral hygiene conditions, oral Candida colonization and salivary Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacilli density in a group of ?-thalassemic children and adolescence

In this study, the prevalence and distribution of dental caries and oral hygiene conditions in a group of patients with ?-TM are evaluated and the results compared to age-and gender-matched healthy patients. In addition, oral candida colonization and the density of Streptococcus mutans (S.mutans) and Lactobacilli in the total saliva are assessed. This study involved 59 ?-TM patients between 6-16 years old (mean:11.59±3.22), who applied to the Department of Pedodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Akdeniz University, with ongoing follow-up, treatment and regular blood transfusions. All enrolled patients were diagnosed with ?-TM by the Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz University. As a control group, age-and gender-matched healthy 50 patients were included to the study. Plaque (p=0.001), DMFT (p=0.009) and DMFS (p=0.039) indices were significantly higher in the ?-TM patients, whereas, the oral hygiene status was significantly lower (p=0.004). Saliva buffering capacity average was insignificantly but slightly more in ?-TM patients(p=0.131). While S.mutans values were significantly higher in the ?-TM patients (p=0.002), no significant difference was found in the Lactobacillus (p=0.131) and Candida values (p=0.33). DMFT, DMFS, Plaque and oral hygiene indices and S.mutans values were found significantly different in ?-TM patients than healthy, control group patients, in this study

Pollution profile and waste minimization study for a corn processing industry

Bu çalışmada Marmara Bölgesi’nde faaliyet gösteren büyük bir mısır işleme endüstrisi için kirlenme profili oluşturularak, çeşitli atık azaltım önerileri getirilmiştir. Bu amaçla söz konusu tesiste oluşan atıksu kaynak ve miktarları ile atıksu dışındaki atıkların tür, miktar ve özellikleri incelenmiştir. Tesiste üretim sürekli olup, ıslak öğütme ve rafineri olmak üzere iki temel proses mevcuttur. Tesisin üretim kademesindeki her bir işlem esnasında oluşan kirlilik konsantrasyonu belirlenerek kirlilik profili oluşturulmuştur. Endüstrinin biyolojik ve kimyasal kısımdan oluşan üç kademeli ileri atıksu arıtma tesisinin verimi ile deşarj suyunun kalitesi incelenerek ulusal ve uluslararası deşarj standartlarıyla kıyaslanmıştır. Kirlenme profilinin oluşturulmasında 2004-2005 dönemine ait bir yıllık kompozit numune bazlı analiz sonuçları dikkate alınmıştır. Kirlenme profili için KOİ yükü, deşarj suyunun değerlendirilmesinde ise KOİ, amonyak, nitrat, toplam fosfor ve askıda katı madde parametreleri incelenmiştir. Tesis için oluşturulan kirlenme profili incelendiğinde birim ürün başına oluşan atıksu miktarının rafineri prosesinde literatürle uyumlu olduğu; ıslak öğütme prosesinde ise literatür değerinin üstünde olduğu görülmüştür. Birim ürün başına KOİ yükleri incelendiğinde ise tesis değerlerinin literatür değerinin altında kaldığı görülmüştür. Atıksu oluşumu ve kirlilik açısından en önemli payı ıslak öğütme prosesinde yer alan evaporatör kondanse suyu oluşturmaktadır. İşletmenin arıtma tesisi performansına bakıldığında ise çıkış suyu değerlerinin ilgili ulusal ve uluslar arası yönetmelik limitlerini rahatlıkla sağladığı görülmektedir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Atık azaltımı, ileri atıksu arıtımı, kirlenme profili, mısır işleme endüstrisi.Products such as starch, gluten, glucose, dextrin, fructose etc. can be obtained from corn processing. Corn based glucose products are key ingredients in the growing international markets. As the intermediate products, the vegetable oil is bought by catering factories, protein and whole-wheat are bought by the farmers for animal feed, and fructose obtained from the starch is bought by food processing industries for sweetening and beverage. Effluent from corn milling industry is known as high strength wastewater due to its high protein and starch content. Wastewater from corn wet mill industries has high COD?s (chemical oxygen demand) mainly of soluble and biodegradable character, with an initial inert COD content of less than 15%. This character has promoted the application of biological processes as appropriate treatment technology. Anaerobic and/or aerobic biological treatment systems have been used to treat these types of effluents. In this paper, a pollution profile study for a corn processing industry located in Marmara Region as 21 ha was performed and some waste minimization approaches were proposed. For this purpose, the sources and the quantities of wastewater and other types of wastes generated in the industry were investigated. Around 264000 tons of corn are processed and 997000 tons of water are used annually in the investigated industry. The mean specific water usage can be calculated as  about 3.8 m3/t-corn including regeneration and washing waters. The studied industry has a three-stage advanced wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) including anaerobic expanded granular sludge bed reactor (EGSB), intermittently aerated single sludge activated sludge system for biological nitrogen (N) removal and chemical post treatment unit for phosphorus (P) removal. Simultaneous C and N removal is achieved by the aerobic treatment stage. Chemical P removal has been performed by using FeCl3 as the coagulant in the third stage. The final effluents from the WWTP are discharging to a nearby creek. The related corn processing plant has two main production steps including wet mill and starch slurry production. In the wet mill process, corn germ, fiber, gluten and starch slurry are produced from corn by steeping. The starch slurry is further processed to produce glucose, fructose and dextrin in the starch slurry derivatives units. Efficiency of the existing three stage advanced wastewater treatment plant and the quality of effluents from the WWTP were investigated and compared with national and international discharge standards. One year data set (2004-2005) was considered to generate the pollution profile. All analytical measurements have been carried out by APHA standard methods at the wastewater laboratory of the industry. Control analyses have also been performed by Environmental Engineering Department of Istanbul Technical University on monthly basis. COD parameter for the pollution profile and parameters including COD, ammonium, nitrate, total phosphorus, suspended solids and pH were considered for the evaluation of effluents from the WWTP. The identified three wastewater sources from the wet mill process and seven wastewater sources from refinery process were characterized and the pollution profile was generated. The pollution profile have shown that the amount of wastewater generated per ton of raw material in the refinery process is consistent with the related literature, however in wet milling process the corresponding value is above the literature figure. The COD loading values are also in agreement with the previous works. According to pollution profile, wastewater generation and pollutant loads as COD are mainly originated from evaporator vapor condensate. The efforts should be on the way to minimize the pollution loading and wastewater generation of this process. Some advices were given for this purpose in the study. For example, recycled cooling water from evaporator may be treated by mechanically instead chemical treatment to reduce energy and water consumptions in the plant. The quality of the final effluent meets the discharge limits of Aquatic Products and Water Pollution Control Regulations of Turkey and European Union (EU) Urban Wastewater Directive for Sensitive Regions. The whole WWTP has been operated very successfully and it is one of the best plants in this sector. The biosolids from the WWTP is planning to produce compost by mixing the residual corn wastes by applying windrow composting. Keywords: Advanced wastewater treatment, corn processing industry, pollution profile, waste minimization

The Effect of Mixture Parameters on the Surface Properties of Roller Compacted Concrete (RCC) Pavements

In Turkey, the use of RCC pavements is increasing in urban and rural roads. However, a detailed study examining the effect of RCC mixture parameters on the pavement surface properties that affect road driving comfort and safety is not available in literature. In this study, in order to cover that gap in literature 12 RCC mixtures prepared with different cement dosages, aggregate gradations and water amounts were compacted by "Superpave-Gyratory-Compactor" at different levels. Later, the surface characteristics were evaluated with British pendulum and sand patch tests. It was concluded that cement dosage, water content and gradation have an effect not only in terms of strength but also in terms of pavement surface properties, and recommendations were made for RCC mixture optimization.Ülkemizde SSB kaplamaların şehir içi ve köy yollarında kullanımı gittikçe artmaktadır. Fakat yol sürüş konforunu ve güvenliğini etkileyen kaplama yüzey özelliklerine, karışım parametrelerinin etkisini inceleyen detaylı bir çalışma uluslararası literatürde mevcut değildir. Bu eksikliği gidermeye yönelik yapılan bu çalışmada, farklı çimento dozajları, agrega gradasyonları ve su oranları ile hazırlanan 12 SSB karışımı, “Superpave-Yoğurmalı-Presi” ile farklı seviyelerde sıkıştırılıp yüzey özellikleri, İngiliz pandülü ve kum yama testleriyle değerlendirilmiştir. Yapılan istatistiksel analizlerde, yoğurma sayısının etkisi görülmezken; SSB çimento dozajı, su muhtevası ve gradasyonun yalnızca mukavemet yönünden değil aynı zamanda yüzey özellikleri bakımından da etkili olduğu sonucuna varılmış ve SSB karışım optimizasyonu için öneriler getirilmiştir

Antimicrobial, cytotoxic, antiviral wffects, and apectroscopic characterization of metabolites produced by fusarium oxysporum YP9B

The goal of the work is to determine the bioactive pharmaceutical metabolites produced by the Fusarium oxysporum YP9B isolate. Ten new natural compounds were isolated from the ethyl acetate extract of the F. oxysporum YP9B strain. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods using 1D and 2D NMR, UV, FT-IR, and mass spectra (LC-QTOF MS and GC-FID/MS). Identified compounds were named as; (1-benzyl-2-methoxy-2-oxoethyl)-2-hydroxy-3-methylbutanoate (1), 2-oxo-8-azatricyclo[9.3.1.1(3,7)]-hexadeca-1(15),3(16),4,6,11,13-hexaen-10-one (2), 2,3-dihydroxypropanoic, hexadecanoic anhydride (3a), 2,3-dihydroxypropanoic (9Z)-octadecenoic anhydride (3b), 2,3-dihydroxy-propanoic (9Z,12Z)-octadecadienoic anhydride (3c), 2,3-dihydroxypropanoic (11Z)-octadecenoic anhydride (4a), 2,3-dihydroxypropanoic, (9E,12E)-octadecadienoic anhydride (4b), 3-hydroxy-1,2,6,10-tetramethylundecyl hexzadecanoate (5a), 3-hydroxy-1,2,6,10-tetramethylundecyl (9E)-octadecaenoate (5b), and 3-hydroxy-1,2,6,10-tetramethylundecyl octadecanoate (5c). Antimicrobial activities of the isolates obtained from the YP9B strain were determined. Cytotoxic and antiviral activities were tested for the isolates against VERO, MCF-7, PC-3, and A549. Compounds 5a-c, 1, and 3a-c showed bacteriostatic activity at low concentrations, and 4a-b and 2 were found to be bactericides. MIC and MBC values against Mycobacterium smegmatis for the compounds 5a-c and 1 were determined to be <0.5 mu g/mL and 0.46 mu g/mL, respectively. The experimental result showed that compounds 2, 5a-c and 1 have strong cytotoxic (7.51 +/- 1.38 and 19.13 +/- 0.68 (mu M) IC50) activity. The antiviral activity against HSV type-1 was determined to be 1.25 mu M for compounds 4a-c and 0.312 mu M for compound 1

Quality of Life and Self - Efficacy of Adolescents with Chronic Health Conditions

Objective: Chronic Health Conditions (CHC) and problems among adolescents have recently become more frequent. CHC may have an influence on their perception of quality of life and self-efficacy. This research aimed to compare quality of life and self-efficacy among adolescents with CHC and without CHC. Methods: The research was conducted with 778 adolescents from a high school. Students were asked as follows: “Have you had any health condition which requires a doctor supervision and/or which requires continuous medication (pills, injection, oral or nasal usage) at least for 6 months or more?” All students completed the Self - Efficacy Questionnaire for Children (SEQ-C) and Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL). Results: All diseases declared by the students are accepted as chronic health conditions. The frequency of having chronical health condition is 19.5% among the high school students. PedsQL for adolescents with CHC were significantly lower compared to those without CHC (p0.05). Conclusion: It has been observed that the PedQL of students with chronic health problems was negatively affected as a result of our work. Lower QoL associated with school functioning of adolescents with chronic health problems suggests the importance of school-related factors (friends, teachers and physical structure) in the intervention of improving quality of life

Stereotactic body radioablation therapy as an immediate and early term antiarrhythmic palliative therapeutic choice in patients with refractory ventricular tachycardia

Background: Stereotactic body radioablation therapy (SBRT) has recently been introduced with the ability to provide ablative energy noninvasively to arrhythmogenic substrate while reducing damage to normal cardiac tissue nearby and minimizing patients’ procedural risk. There is still debate regarding whether SBRT has a predominant effect in the early or late period after the procedure. We sought to assess the time course of SBRT’s efficacy as well as the value of using a blanking period following a SBRT session. Methods: Eight patients (mean age 58 ± 14 years) underwent eight SBRT sessions for refractory ventricular tachycardia (VT). SBRT was given using a linear accelerator device with a total dose of 25 Gy to the targeted area. Results: During a median follow-up of 8 months, all patients demonstrated VT recurrences; however, implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) and anti-tachycardia pacing therapies were significantly reduced with SBRT (8.46 to 0.83/per month, p = 0.047; 18.50 to 3.29/per month, p = 0.036, respectively). While analyzing the temporal SBRT outcomes, the 2 weeks to 3 months period demonstrated the most favorable outcomes. After 6 months, one patient was ICD therapy-free and the remaining patients demonstrated VT episodes. Conclusions: Our findings showed that the SBRT was associated with a marked reduction in the burden of VT and ICD interventions especially during first 3 months. Although SBRT does not seem to succeed complete termination of VT in long-term period, our findings support the strategy that SBRT can be utilized for immediate antiarrhythmic palliation in critically ill patients with otherwise untreatable refractory VT and electrical storm

Misel Arayüzü Polimerizasyon Yöntemi İle Mikrokristal Selüloz Yüzeylerin Sulu Ortamda Hidrofobik Modifikasyonu ve Karakterizasyonu

Nowadays, plastics account for a significant fraction of municipal solid waste. Significant amount of these plastic wastes are polyolefins: LDPE, LLDPE, HDPE, PP, PET, PS and PVC. Recovery of these polyolefins for recycling causes reduction in their mechanical strength. This situation limits their use in a number of applications. If recycled polyolefins are combined with natural fibers in a composite structure, their mechanical properties can be improved substantially. By this means, their usage areas and market share can be extended while their fraction of solid waste can be reduced. In the use of natural fibers in composites, incompatibility between hydrophilic fibers and the hydrophobic polymers results in a poor compatibility and in poor ability to transfer stress from the matrix to reinforcing fiber. Among many uses of cellulose, it also commonly serve as natural fiber in polymer composites. Because of its polarity and hydrophilicity, cellulose is less compatible with hydrophobic and nonpolar polyolefins. This causes poor dispersion of fillers and weak interaction between matrix and cellulose filler. Cellulose fiber composites can also have poor mechanical properties due to swelling. Cellulose's hidrophilicity renders its potential usage as a filler. The aim of this study is to reduce the hydrophilicity of cellulose surface and increase the compatibility of cellulose with polyolefins as well as its usage in composites. Although many hydrophobization methods applied to cellulose in literature, admicellar polymerization, an easy, clean and cost efficient method that comprises water as a solvent, and less purification steps, has not been investigated adequately, yet. Thus the subject of this thesis work is using admicellar polymerization in hydrophobization of microcrystalline cellulose, in order to obtain a coast efficient, water and moisture resistant filler. The product can be used as micro filler in polyolefin based composites and in applications of hidrophobic cellulose. By use of ammonium persulfate as an initiator, microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) surface is modified with PMMA and PnBMA polymers by admicellar polymerization. Percent modification yield is gravimetrically investigated for each modification parameter. ATR - FTIR analysis are carried out to characterize surface functional groups of modified polymers. Water contact angle of MCC surface is increased from 33.5° to 57.0° by modification. TGA is used for investigation of the thermal decomposition of pure MCC, modified MCC and modified polymers alone. By XPS analysis, the elements of alkyl methacrylates modified on surface, are analyzed. With SEC measurements, molecular weights, molecular weight distributions and polydispersity indexes of surface polymers are investigated. PDI's are measured 1.87 and 1.46 for PMMA and PnBMA polymers, respectively. Glass transition temperatures of PMMA and PnBMA polymers measured as 82° and 21° by DSC measurements. Finally by SEM analysis, the topography of PMMA and PnBMA modified MCC surface is revealed that surface modifications are successfully achieved.Günümüzde plastik atıklar, kentsel katı atıkların büyük bir kısmını oluşturmaktadır. Plastik atıkların büyük bir kısmını da poliolefinler olarak adlandırılan LDPE, LLDPE, HDPE, PP, PET, PS ve PVC gibi polimerler oluşturmaktadır. Bu polimerler geri dönüşüme uğradıklarında, mekanik özelliklerinde belirgin bir gerileme gözlenmektedir. Bu da kullanım alanlarını kısıtlamaktadır. Geri dönüşüme uğramış plastiklerle doğal fiberler kompozit yapıldığı takdirde, dayanıklılık ve sürtünme direnci önemli oranda arttırılarak kullanım alanları genişletilebilir. Bu sayede katı atık oluşumu azaltılabilir. Doğal fiberlerin kompozitlerde kullanımında hidrofobik polimerlerle hidrofilik fiberlerin uyumluluğunun az olması sonucu, polimer matriksten dayanımı sağlayan fibere stres transferi zayıf olmaktadır. Pek çok kullanım alanı arasında selüloz, polimer kompozitlerinde doğal fiber olarak yaygın bir şekilde kullanılmaktadır. Selüloz, polaritesi ve hidrofilikliği yüzünden hidrofobik ve polar olmayan poliolefinlerle çok az uyumludur. Bu da dolgu maddesi olarak zayıf karışmaya ve matriksle dolgu arasında zayıf etkileşime neden olmaktadır. Selüloz fiber kompozitler ayrıca şişmeye bağlı olarak zayıf mekanik özelliklere sahip olmaktadır. Selülozun hidrofilik oluşu hidrofobik poliolefinlerde dolgu maddesi olarak kullanımını azaltmaktadır. Bu tez çalışmasının amacı, selüloz yüzeyinin hidrofilikliğini azaltarak poliolefinlerle uyumluluğunu arttırmak, bu sayede kompozitlerde dolgu maddesi olarak kullanımını arttırmaktır. Selülozun hidrofobik hale getirilmesi için literatürde çok çeşitli yöntemler çalışıldığı halde, çözücü olarak suyun kullanıldığı, ekstra saflaştırma basamakları gerektirmeyen, düşük maliyetli, kolay ve temiz bir yöntem olan misel arayüzü polimerizasyonu üzerine yeterince çalışma yapılmamıştır. Bu nedenle bu tezin konusu olarak misel arayüzü polimerizasyon yöntemi ile mikrokristal selülozdan (MKS) düşük maliyetli, suya ve neme dayanıklı, hidrofobik yeni bir katkı maddesi elde edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Elde edilen ürün poliolefin esaslı kompozitlerde mikro dolgu maddesi olarak kullanılabilmesinin yanında, selülozun hidrofobik olması istenen farklı uygulamalarda da kullanılabilecektir. Mikrokristal selüloz yüzeyi amonyum persülfat başlatıcı kullanılarak misel arayüzü polimerizasyon yöntemiyle poli(metil metakrilat) (PMMA) ve poli(n-bütil metakrilat) (PnBMA) polimerleri ile kaplanmıştır. Her bir modifikasyon için gravimetrik olarak yüzde modifikasyon verimi araştırılmıştır. ATR-FTIR analizleri ile yüzeydeki polimerlere ait fonksiyonel gruplar karakterize edilmiştir. MKS yüzeyin su temas açısı 33,5°’den 57,0°’ye çıkarılarak hidrofobik karakteri arttırılmıştır. Termogravimetrik Analiz (TGA) ile MKS yüzeyinde elde edilen PMMA ve PnBMA polimerlerinin sıcaklıkla bozunma davranışları incelenmiştir. X-ışını Fotoelektron Spektroskopisi (XPS) ile selüloz yüzeye modifiye edilen polimerler analiz edilmiştir. Büyüklükçe Ayırma Kromatografisi (SEC) ölçümleri ile MKS yüzeyine kaplanan PMMA ve PnBMA polimerlerinin molekül ağırlıkları belirlenmiş ve polidispersite indeksleri (PDI) sırasıyla 1,87 ve 1,46 olarak ölçülmüştür. Diferansiyel Taramalı Kalorimetri (DSC) ile MKS yüzeyinde elde edilen PMMA ve PnBMA polimerlerinin camsı geçiş sıcaklıklarının 82° ve 21° olduğu görülmüştür. Taramalı Elektron Mikroskobu (SEM) ile PMMA ve PnBMA kaplanan MKS yüzeyin topoğrafyası incelenerek kaplamanın yüzeyde meydana getirdiği değişimler gözlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak, MKS yüzeylerin misel arayüzü polimerizasyon yöntemi kullanılarak PMMA ve PnBMA ile modifikasyonu başarılı bir şekilde gerçekleştirilmiş ve yüzey hidrofobikliği arttırılmıştır