Teachers' Formative Assessment Practices for Early Addition and Subtraction: Is Teachers' Awareness of a Learning Trajectory Related to How They Respond to Students?

This dissertation is an investigation into the nature of teachers’ formative assessment responses to students as they learn addition and subtraction. Teachers’ background experiences, including classroom experience and professional learning opportunities, were considered as factors which could play a role in accounting for that variation, both when teachers responded to individual students’ thinking and when they determined goals for group discussion based on students’ thinking. In particular, this study investigates whether the responses from teachers who had been trained in a learning trajectory for early addition and subtraction reflected a quality that had the potential to extend student learning opportunities. Data for the study came in the form of practicing elementary teachers’ responses to a multimedia scenario-based survey. In a series of classroom scenarios, participant teachers were shown instances of students solving problems of early addition and subtraction. Those teachers were asked to describe those instances of student thinking, indicate how they would respond to the student, and what learning goal they would set forth for the student. After seeing two individual students’ solutions, the teachers were also asked to choose a problem and set an instructional goal for a discussion of the problem with a group of students that included the two just observed. Twenty-two teachers teaching at the time in elementary schools in a Midwestern state participated; some of those teachers had previously participated in professional development related to a learning trajectory for early addition and subtraction. The results of the study indicate that teachers’ classroom and professional learning experiences were associated with higher rates of teachers interpreting student thinking. In addition to this, those teachers who taught in an early elementary classroom and had training in a learning trajectory were more likely to describe responses to student thinking that showed a potential to extend learning opportunities. Some differences were found among the instructional goals set for the group discussion of addition and subtraction word problems: Some early elementary teachers were open to students’ use of multiple methods, and a small number of early elementary teachers who had been trained in the learning trajectory discussed those multiple methods by connecting them in discussion in ways that attended to the mathematical sophistication of those methods. The findings suggest that when supporting or studying teachers’ formative assessment practices, a content-specific lens may be useful for informing and analyzing those practices. In addition, the findings may provide insight into teachers’ mathematical knowledge for teaching and the measures used to determine quality of teaching responses.PHDEducational StudiesUniversity of Michigan, Horace H. Rackham School of Graduate Studieshttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/144087/1/khanby_1.pd

The Widow, A Leader in Women\u27s Education, Wife of the Song Writer, Author Of Darling Nelly Gray; Experiences of Her Remarkable Life of Ninety-Seven Years

The Widow by Brainerd Hanby. This self-published book contains Brainerd\u27s recollections of his mother, Mary Katherine Winter Hanby. She was one of the first two graduates of Otterbein University (1857), the wife (and shortly thereafter the widow) of Benjamin Russell Hanby (class of 1858), composer of Up on the Housetop and Darling Nelly Gray. The book deals primarily with Kate\u27s life after Ben\u27s death, and her struggles raising two children as a single woman in the late nineteenth century.https://digitalcommons.otterbein.edu/archives_hanby/1000/thumbnail.jp

Monitoring physical and chemical parameters of Delaware Bay waters with an ERTS-1 data collection platform

The author has identified the following significant results. Evaluation of the probe performances during the initial phase indicates that the dissolved oxygen sensor available as part of the package is not sufficiently reliable for long term operation. The turbidity probe requires frequent visits to the site to maintain it in proper operating condition. The cost of these visits would have to be weighed against the information obtained. The conductivity/salinity, temperature, pH, and depth indicators have worked extremely well over the course of the study. Monthly cleanings would maintain all these probes in top operating condition. Currently the accuracy of each measurement returned via satellite is being compared to the accuracy of the probe reading and water samples analyzed in the laboratory

CFD modelling of double-skin facades with venetian blinds

This paper describes CFD modelling of Double Skin Façades (DSF) with venetian blinds inside the façade cavity. The 2-D modelling work investigates the coupled convective, conductive and radiative heat transfer through the DSF system. The angles of the venetian blind can be adjusted and a series of angles (0, 30, 45, 60 and 80 degrees) has been modelled. The modelling results are compared with the measurements from a section of façade tested within a solar simulator and with predictions from a component based nodal model. Agreement between the three methods is generally good. Discrepancies in the results are generally caused by the simplification of the CFD model resulting less turbulence mixing within the façade cavity. The CFD simulation output suggests that the presence of the venetian blinds has led up to 35 percent enhancement in natural ventilation flow for the façade cavity and 75 percent reduction in heat loads for the internal environment. It was also found that little changes of the convective heat transfer coefficients on the glazing surfaces have been caused by the venetian blinds with different angles

Private Equity (PE) Performance in The United States

We use the Thomson Reuters Venture Capital and Thomson Reuters Buyout indices as proxies for U.S. Private Equity (PE) performance and compare them to U.S. stocks and bonds. Both PE indices have outperformed stocks and bonds and they have higher average and median monthly returns. However, PE indices also had higher risk compared to stocks and bonds. On a risk-adjusted basis, PE has outperformed stocks but underperformed bonds. PE has also created more wealth compared to stocks and bonds. Both the PE indices also have significantly positive four-factor alpha. Our results indicate that PE has created tremendous value

Evolutionary Synthesis of HVAC System Configurations: Algorithm Development.

This paper describes the development of an optimization procedure for the synthesis of novel heating, ventilating, and air-conditioning (HVAC) system configurations. Novel HVAC system designs can be synthesized using model-based optimization methods. The optimization problem can be considered as having three sub-optimization problems; the choice of a component set; the design of the topological connections between the components; and the design of a system operating strategy. In an attempt to limit the computational effort required to obtain a design solution, the approach adopted in this research is to solve all three sub-problems simultaneously. Further, the computational effort has been limited by implementing simplified component models and including the system performance evaluation as part of the optimization problem (there being no need in this respect to simulation the system performance). The optimization problem has been solved using a Genetic Algorithm (GA), with data structures and search operators that are specifically developed for the solution of HVAC system optimization problems (in some instances, certain of the novel operators may also be used in other topological optimization problems. The performance of the algorithm, and various search operators has been examined for a two-zone optimization problem (the objective of the optimization being to find a system design that minimizes the system energy use). In particular, the performance of the algorithm in finding feasible system designs has been examined. It was concluded that the search was unreliable when the component set was optimized, but if the component set was fixed as a boundary condition on the search, then the algorithm had an 81% probability of finding a feasible system design. The optimality of the solutions is not examined in this paper, but is described in an associated publication. It was concluded that, given a candidate set of system components, the algorithm described here provides an effective tool for exploring the novel design of HVAC systems. (c) HVAC & R journa

Up on the Housetop

According to William Studwell in The Christmas Carol Reader, Up on the House Top was the second-oldest secular Christmas song, outdone only by Jingle Bells , which was written in 1857 (although the latter was originally intended as a Thanksgiving song). It is also considered the first Yuletide song to focus primarily on Santa Claus. In fact, according to Readers Digest Merry Christmas Song Book, Hanby was the first to offer up the idea that Santa and his sleigh land on the roof of homes. Benjamin Russell Hanby was born in 1833 near Rushville, Ohio, the son of a minister involved with the Underground Railroad. During his short life, he wrote some 80 songs before dying of tuberculosis in 1867. Other than Up on the House Top his best-known song is Darling Nelly Gray . Performance in December 2014 by the a cappella student group Ottertuned. Their version commemorates the 150th anniversary of Benjamin Hanby\u27s composition. Members include Tim Andrews,Sammie Becker, Lane Conley, Benjamin Graber, Kristin Gramza, Michael Grimm, Allison Hunter, Katie Jump, Alyx Lynham, Austin Miller, Victoria Morin, Koryn Naylor, Kaitlin Steinour and Adam Sullivan.https://digitalcommons.otterbein.edu/hanby_scores/1000/thumbnail.jp

Ole Shady - The Song of the Contraband

The song \u27Ole Shady\u27 or the Song of the Contraband, composed by Benjamin Russel Hanby, was published in 1861. It is 6 pages long and measures 10 by 13.5 (25.4 by 34.29 cm). Composer Benjamin Russel.https://digitalcommons.otterbein.edu/hanby_scores/1001/thumbnail.jp

We\u27ll All Meet Again in the Morning - The Revellers\u27 Chorus

The occurrence which prompted this song actually occurred recently in a city of California. Some nineteen abandoned inebriates had been for days and nights together carousing in a fireman\u27s club house until delirium tremens ensued. As soon as reason began to return, one of them stung, with feeling of deep self reproach, declared his intention never to drink another drop, and urged his comrads to join him. His proposition was heartily agreed to, and a league was formed which from that day to the present has rapidly increased in its membership ‘till it now numbers several thousand staunch confederates.https://digitalcommons.otterbein.edu/hanby_scores/1002/thumbnail.jp