Web-based learning environment based on students’ needs

Traditional learning needs to be improved since it does not involve active learning among students. Therefore, in the twenty-first century, the development of internet technology in the learning environment has become the main needs of each student. One of the learning environments to meet the needs of the teaching and learning process is a web-based learning environment. This study aims to identify the characteristics of a webbased learning environment that supports students’ learning needs. The study involved 542 students from fifteen faculties in a public higher education institution in Malaysia. A quantitative method was used to collect the data via a questionnaire survey by randomly. The findings indicate that the characteristics of a web-based learning environment that support students’ needs in the process of learning are online discussion forum, lecture notes, assignments, portfolio, and chat. In conclusion, the students overwhelmingly agreed that online discussion forum is the highest requirement because the tool can provide a space for students and teachers to share knowledge and experiences related to teaching and learning

Strategic factors on interpreting remanufacturing quality- Certifying framework to address warranty aftermarket for Malaysian industry

While the concept of remanufacturing is gaining popularity globally, literature and theory on strategic decision-making on certifying for warranty in this area remain limited. A strategic and establish concept flow is developed based on extensive literature review and surveys with experienced experts who are dealing with remanufactured, reconditioned, rebuilt and reused components. The remanufacturing research on evaluating quality assurance of remanufactured component targets macro-level parameters and the indicators which must be confirmed for evaluation. The strategic remanufacturing factors identified from the literature review are discussed in a brainstorming session with a number of remanufacturing researchers and academic experts. The study is further broadened by industrial surveys and case studies to justify the inputs on developing a framework to certify remanufactured components. Preliminary results have established the key factors of remanufacturing quality control that might lead to the strict quality assurance of remanufactured components. Later, the developed framework can be used as a benchmarking tool to certify remanufactured components and warranty issuance. The findings serve as the foundation for further research concerning Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM) or Original Equipment Remanufacturer (OER) and Independent Equipment Remanufacturer (IER) in the Malaysian Remanufacturing Industry

Studi Hksa Senyawa Pirazolo-(3,4-d)-pirimidin Sebagai Inhibitor Axl Dan Tyro3 Serta Perbandingannya Deskriptornya Dengan Inhibitor Mer Tirosin Kinase

Mer Tyrosine Kinase is ectopically expressed in T and B cells of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) patient, but is not expressed in normal human T and B cells at any stage of its development. Therefore Mer Tyrosine Kinase can be a treatment target ALL with a good selectivity. Phosphorylation inhibition of Mer receptor by signal transduction inhibitor decreases cell proliferation and increases apoptosis, thereby suppressing the development of leukemia cells. Pirazolo-[3,4-d]-pyrimidines area new generation of drugs that act as inhibitors of Mer tyrosine kinase. The purposes of the present research are to determine descriptors that influence the inhibitory activity on Axl and Tyro3, and compare it with the Mer tyrosine kinase inhibitors descriptors, so that we can make derivative compounds pirazolo-(3,4-d)-pirimidin with the specific inhibition on Mer. Modeling and optimization geometry was carried out using HyperChem® software. Molecules structure were geometrically optimized using Ab initio method. Predictors values were computed using MOE® and statistical calculations of QSAR equations was carried out using SPSS®. The selected equation was determined by the best statistical criteria, such as r2, Pearson correlations, and q2Leave One Out validation. 5 descriptors play an important role in the inhibitory activity of Axl and Tyro3. Development of compounds that selectively inhibit the activity of Mer can be made by modifying groups that increases the volume of van der waals and the addition of an electron withdrawing groups, to obtain the drugs with minimal side effects. Key words: acute lymphoblastic leukemia, pyrazolo-[3,4-d]-pyrimidine, Mer, Axl, Tyro3

Peak Flow Meter Equipped with Inspection Results Indicator

Peak Flow Meter (PFM) is a tool to measure the Peak Flow of Air Expiration in the road (PFR) or commonly referred to as Peak Expiration Flow (PEF) and to connect asthma. The value of PEF can help a number of factors in age, respiratory muscle strength, height and gender. Airway measurements are used to measure patients suffering from asthma. This peak flow meter tool works based on the air pressure produced from the patient\u27s puff using the MPX5100GP pressure sensor in the range of 0 to 100 kPa and the voltage output is 0.2 to 4.7 VDC to increase wind pressure in the patient. From the pressure converted to voltage and enter the 0 from the Arduino nano minimum system circuit to be processed into analog data and then put into units of liters / second, the value of the flow meter is sent and replaced to a PC with the Delphi7 application. The measurement results of PEF values at peak flow meters have an error value of less than 5% This peak flow meter tool also has a consideration value of 0.095475 so that this tool can be said to be very certain to be used as asthma. Then it can be concluded that the peak flow meter is feasible and meets the specified requirement

Sticker systems over monoids

Molecular computing has gained many interests among researchers since Head introduced the first theoretical model for DNA based computation using the splicing operation in 1987. Another model for DNA computing was proposed by using the sticker operation which Adlemanused in his successful experiment for the computation of Hamiltonian paths in a graph: a double stranded DNA sequence is composed by prolonging to the left and to the right a sequence of (single or double) symbols by using given single stranded strings or even more complex dominoes with sticky ends, gluing these ends together with the sticky ends of the current sequence according to a complementarity relation. According to this sticker operation, a language generative mechanism, called a sticker system, can be defined: a set of (incomplete) double-stranded sequences (axioms) and a set of pairs of single or double-stranded complementary sequences are given. The initial sequences are prolonged to the left and to the right by using sequences from the latter set, respectively. The iterations of these prolongations produce “computations” of possibly arbitrary length. These processes stop when a complete double stranded sequence is obtained. Sticker systems will generate only regular languages without restrictions. Additional restrictions can be imposed on the matching pairs of strands to obtain more powerful languages. Several types of sticker systems are shown to have the same power as regular grammars; one type is found to represent all linear languages whereas another one is proved to be able to represent any recursively enumerable language. The main aim of this research is to introduce and study sticker systems over monoids in which with each sticker operation, an element of a monoid is associated and a complete double stranded sequence is considered to be valid if the computation of the associated elements of the monoid produces the neutral element. Moreover, the sticker system over monoids is defined in this study

Penggunaan Algoritma Genetika dalam Peningkatan Kinerja Fuzzy Clustering untuk Pengenalan Pola

Algoritma genetika (AG) adalah metode untuk menyelesaikan persoalan optimasi berbasis teori evolusi dalam biologi. Algoritma ini bekerja pada populasi calon penyelesaian yang disebut kromosom yang awalnya dibangkitkan secara random dari ruang penyelesaian fungsi tujuan. Dengan menggunakan mekanisme opearator genetik yaitu persilangan dan mutasi populasi dievolusikan melalui fungsi fitness yang diarahkan pada kondisi konvergensi. Algoritma ini dapat diterapkan dalam banyak area fungsi-fungsi optimasi, salah satu penerapannya adalah fungsi objektif berbasis fuzzy clustering. Fuzzy clustering bertujuan mengelompokkan n objek yang disajikan dengan vektor kedalam C-cluster berdasarkan kesamaannya dengan pusat cluster yang diukur melalui fungsi jarak. Fungsi tujuan Jm didefinisikan sebagai fungsi V (matriks sifat prototipe) dan U ( fungsi keanggotaan Fuzzy dari objek i: 1, 2, . . . .,n menjadi anggota cluster j: 1, 2, . . . . , c) yang diminimumkan melalui iterasi. Karena sensitivitas inisiasi random terjebak dalam minimum lokal, pendekatan genetik biasanya dapat diterapkan untuk menghilangkan masalah diatas. Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk mempelajari unjuk kerja AG pada masalah fuzzy clustering, khususnya fuzzy C Mean (FCM). Guided GA (GGA) sebagai alternatif FCM diperkenalkan melalui kode MATLAB, kedua algoritma ini dibandingkan melalui tiga kasus numerik. Unjuk kerja FCM dan GGA-FCM diuji melalui beberapa parameter seperti kesahihan cluster, kompleksitas, laju klasifikasi komputasi. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa GGA-FCM mempunyai unjuk kerja yang lebih baik dibandingkan FCM dalam bentuk Jm, kesahihan cluster dan laju klasifikasi, meskipun dalam kompleksitas komputasi lebih rumit dan memerlukan waktu lebih banyak. Kata kunci : fuzzy cluctering, Algoritma Genetika, GGA-FCM, FCM

Delignification Pretreatment of Palm-Press Fibres by Chemical Method

The chemical composition of the untreated palm-press fibres was estimated to be 39.9% cellulose, 28.9% hemicellulose, 20.3% lignin and 3.6% ash content. The concentrations of the chemicals used in the treatment of the fibres were 1.5% each of NaOH, Ca(OH)2' KOH, Na2COy 5.0% CO(NH)2 and aqueous ammonia solution. Of the chemicals tested. NaOH was the most efficient, having removed 60% of the lignin from the fibres after treatment for 24 hours using the spraying method. Comparative percentages for other chemicals tested were Na2CO/49%), NHpH (40%), Ca(OH)2 (38%), KOH (27%) and CO(NH)2 (21 %). The cellulose and hemicellulose content remained almost unchanged even after a prolonged period of treatment lJy these chemicals. The ash content was higher in fibres treated with NaOH and urea. The soaking method dissolved higher lignin content compared to the spraying method