Highly efficient fluoride extraction from simulant leachate of spent potlining via La-loaded chelating resin. An equilibrium study

Spent potlining (SPL) hazardous waste is a potentially valuable source of fluoride, which may be recovered through chemical leaching and adsorption with a selective sorbent. For this purpose, the commercially available chelating resin PuroliteÒ S950+ was loaded with lanthanum ions, to create a novel ligand-exchange sorbent. The equilibrium fluoride uptake behaviour of the resin was thoroughly investigated, using NaF solution and a simulant leachate of SPL waste. The resin exhibited a large maximum defluoridation capacity of 187 ± 15 mg g-1 from NaF solution and 126 ± 10 mg g-1 from the leachate, with solution pH being strongly influential to uptake performance. Isotherm and spectral data indicated that both chemisorption and unexpected physisorption processes were involved in the fluoride extraction and suggested that the major uptake mechanism differed in each matrix. The resin demonstrates significant potential in the recovery of fluoride from aqueous wastestreams

Insights into the interaction of iodide and iodine with Cu(II)-loaded bispicolylamine chelating resin and applications for nuclear waste treatment

Radioiodine is a challenging contaminant to remove from aqueous wastestreams, resulting from spent nuclear fuel reprocessing. To create a selective, economical adsorbent, a Cu-loaded bispicolylamine chelating resin was produced, from commercially available reagents and its performance for removal of aqueous iodide and iodine was assessed. The resin possessed a large equilibrium uptake capacity of 305 ± 14 mg.g−1 iodide and 2940 ± 180 mg.g−1 total iodine. Performance was close to maximal over a pH range of 2–10. Capacity was reduced by ~55% by the addition of cocontaminants nitrate and molybdate, but resistance to suppression was greatly superior to non-modified polyamine resins, clearly seen in dynamic column experiments. The uptake mechanism was investigated spectroscopically and was found to proceed via ligand-exchange, with some in-situ REDOX chemistry occurring, resulting in the formation of Cu(I) and triiodide. The latter was concurrently adsorbed on to the resin and occupied both strong (Cu-associated) and weak (charge-transfer complex formation) binding sites. Thermal decomposition of the loaded resins revealed that the captured iodine was volatised at several different temperatures, according to strength of adsorption, but a large fraction was converted to stable CuI, suggesting a possible pathway towards volume-reduction and immobilisation as a final wasteform

Norm-attaining weighted composition operators on weighted Banach spaces of analytic functions

The final publication is available at Springer via http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00013-012-0458-zWe investigate weighted composition operators that attain their norm on weighted Banach spaces of holomorphic functions on the unit disc of type H∞. Applications for composition operators on weighted Bloch spaces are given. © 2012 Springer Basel.1. The authors are thankful to the referee for pointing to us the references [15] and [16] and their relevance in the present research. 2. The research of Bonet was partially supported by MICINN and FEDER Project MTM2010-15200 and by GV project Prometeo/2008/101 and project ACOMP/2012/090.Bonet Solves, JA.; Lindström, M.; Wolf, E. (2012). Norm-attaining weighted composition operators on weighted Banach spaces of analytic functions. Archiv der Mathematik. 99(6):537-546. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00013-012-0458-zS537546996Bierstedt K.D., Bonet J., Galbis A.: Weighted spaces of holomorphic functions on bounded domains. Michigan Math. J. 40, 271–297 (1993)Bierstedt K.D., Bonet J., Taskinen J.: Associated weights and spaces of holomorphic functions. Studia Math. 127, 137–168 (1998)J. Bonet, P. Domański, and M. Lindström, Essential norm and weak compactness of composition operators on weighted Banach spaces of analytic functions. Canad, Math. Bull. 42, no. 2, (1999), 139–148Bonet J. et al.: Composition operators between weighted Banach spaces of analytic functions. J. Austral. Math. Soc. Ser. A 64, 101–118 (1998)Bonet J., Lindström M, Wolf E.: Isometric weighted composition operators on weighted Banach spaces of type H ∞. Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. 136, 4267–4273 (2008)Bonet J, Wolf E.: A note on weighted spaces of holomorphic functions. Archiv Math. 81, 650–654 (2003)Contreras M.D, Hernández-Díaz A.G.: Weighted composition operators in weighted banach spaces of analytic functions. J. Austral. Math. Soc. Ser. A 69, 41–60 (2000)Cowen C., MacCluer B.: Composition Operators on Spaces of Analytic Functions. CRC Press, Boca Raton (1995)J. Diestel, Geometry of Banach Spaces. Selected Topics, Lecture Notes in Math. vol. 485, Springer, Berlin, 1975.Hammond C.: On the norm of a composition operator with linear fractional symbol. Acta Sci. Math. (Szeged) 69, 813–829 (2003)Hosokawa T., Izuchi K., Zheng D.: Isolated points and essential components of composition operators on H ∞. Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. 130, 1765–1773 (2001)Hosokava T., Ohno S.: Topological strusctures of the sets of composition operatorson the Bloch spaces. J. Math. anal. Appl. 303, 499–508 (2005)Lusky W.: On the isomorphy classes of weighted spaces of harmonic and holomorphic functions. Studia Math. 175, 19–45 (2006)Martín M.: Norm-attaining composition operators on the Bloch spaces. J. Math. Anal. Appl. 369, 15–21 (2010)A. Montes-Rodríguez, The Pick-Schwarz lemma and composition operators on Bloch spaces, International Workshop on Operator Theory (Cefalu, 1997), Rend. Circ. Mat. Palermo (2) Suppl. 56 (1998), 167–170.Montes-Rodríguez A.: The essential norm of a composition operator on Bloch spaces. Pacific J. Math. 188, 339–351 (1999)Montes-Rodríguez A.: Weighted composition operators on weighted Banach spaces of analytic functions. J. London Math. Soc. 61, 872–884 (2000)J.H. Shapiro, Composition Operators and Classical Function Theory, Springer, 1993.K. Zhu, Operator Theory in Function Spaces, Second Edition. Amer. Math. Soc., 2007

Spectroscopic examinations of hydro- and glaciovolcanic basaltic tuffs: Modes of alteration and relevance for Mars

Hydro- and glaciovolcanism are processes that have taken place on both Earth and Mars. The amount of materials produced by these processes that are present in the martian surface layer is unknown, but may be substantial. We have used Mars rover analogue analysis techniques to examine altered tuff samples collected from multiple hydrovolcanic features, tuff rings and tuff cones, in the American west and from glaciovolcanic hyaloclastite ridges in Washington state and in Iceland. Analysis methods include VNIR-SWIR reflectance, MWIR thermal emissivity, thin section petrography, XRD, XRF, and Mössbauer spectroscopy. We distinguish three main types of tuff that differ prominently in petrography and VNIR-SWIR reflectance: minimally altered sideromelane tuff, gray to brown colored smectite-bearing tuff, and highly palagonitized tuff. Differences are also observed between the tuffs associated with hydrovolcanic tuff rings and tuff cones and those forming glaciovolcanic hyaloclastite ridges. For the locations sampled, hydrovolcanic palagonite tuffs are more smectite and zeolite rich while the palagonitized hyaloclastites from the sampled sites are largely devoid of zeolites and relatively lacking in smectites as well. The gray to brown colored tuffs are only observed in the hydrovolcanic deposits and appear to represent a distinct alteration pathway, with formation of smectites without associated palagonite formation. This is attributed to lower temperatures and possibly longer time scale alteration. Altered hydro- or glaciovolcanic materials might be recognized on the surface of Mars with rover-based instrumentation based on the results of this study

A conserved fungal glycosyltransferase facilitates pathogenesis of plants by enabling hyphal growth on solid surfaces

Article Authors Metrics Comments Related Content Abstract Author summary Introduction Results and discussion Conclusions Methods Supporting information Acknowledgments References Reader Comments (0) Media Coverage (0) Figures Abstract Pathogenic fungi must extend filamentous hyphae across solid surfaces to cause diseases of plants. However, the full inventory of genes which support this is incomplete and many may be currently concealed due to their essentiality for the hyphal growth form. During a random T-DNA mutagenesis screen performed on the pleomorphic wheat (Triticum aestivum) pathogen Zymoseptoria tritici, we acquired a mutant unable to extend hyphae specifically when on solid surfaces. In contrast “yeast-like” growth, and all other growth forms, were unaffected. The inability to extend surface hyphae resulted in a complete loss of virulence on plants. The affected gene encoded a predicted type 2 glycosyltransferase (ZtGT2). Analysis of >800 genomes from taxonomically diverse fungi highlighted a generally widespread, but discontinuous, distribution of ZtGT2 orthologues, and a complete absence of any similar proteins in non-filamentous ascomycete yeasts. Deletion mutants of the ZtGT2 orthologue in the taxonomically un-related fungus Fusarium graminearum were also severely impaired in hyphal growth and non-pathogenic on wheat ears. ZtGT2 expression increased during filamentous growth and electron microscopy on deletion mutants (ΔZtGT2) suggested the protein functions to maintain the outermost surface of the fungal cell wall. Despite this, adhesion to leaf surfaces was unaffected in ΔZtGT2 mutants and global RNAseq-based gene expression profiling highlighted that surface-sensing and protein secretion was also largely unaffected. However, ΔZtGT2 mutants constitutively overexpressed several transmembrane and secreted proteins, including an important LysM-domain chitin-binding virulence effector, Zt3LysM. ZtGT2 likely functions in the synthesis of a currently unknown, potentially minor but widespread, extracellular or outer cell wall polysaccharide which plays a key role in facilitating many interactions between plants and fungi by enabling hyphal growth on solid matrices