Explaining the mutual relationship between board gender diversity and corporate social responsibility using the simultaneous equations system

One of the issues that have gained a lot of attention in recent years is the board gender diversity. Many researchers believe that gender diversity in the board reinforces corporate social responsibility and on the other hand, gender diversity is one of the signs and effects of corporate social responsibility in the board, so there is a mutual relationship between board gender diversity and corporate social responsibility that has not been noticed up to this time. Our study fills this gap in literature by using the Simultaneous equations system. We use data from 110 companies listed in the Tehran Stock Exchange during the 2012 to 2017 period. The results indicate that board gender diversity and corporate social responsibility have a positive and significant effect on each other. As a result, companies can improve their social responsibility by increasing gender diversity in the board, and on the other hand to prove their social responsibility, it is better to use women on the board

Chelating and Bridging Roles of 2-(2-Pyridyl)benzimidazole and Bis(diphenylphosphino)acetylene in Stabilizing a Cyclic Tetranuclear Platinum(II) Complex.

The reaction of complex [Pt(Me)(DMSO)(pbz)], 1, (pbz = 2-(2-pyridyl)benzimidazolate) with [PtMe(Cl)(DMSO)2], B, followed by addition of bis(diphenylphosphino)acetylene (dppac), gave the novel tetranuclear platinum complex [Pt4Me4(μ-dppac)2(pbz)2Cl2], 2, bearing both the pbz and dppac ligands. In this structure, the pbz ligands are both chelating and bridging to stabilize the tetraplatinum framework. The tetranuclear Pt(II) complex was fully characterized by NMR spectroscopy, X-ray crystallography, and mass spectrometry, and its electronic structure was investigated and supported by DFT calculations

A framework for rating corporate social responsibility disclosure.

Corporate social responsibility (CSR) has become one of the standard business practices of our time. For companies, the overall aim is to achieve a positive impact on society as a whole while maximising the creation of shared value for the owners of the business, its employees, shareholders and stakeholders. Consequently, there has also been an increase in the number of social reporting requirements driven by regulatory bodies and stock exchanges around the world that have played a key role in advancing the field of corporate social reporting. The present study contributes to this field and by adopting Delphi method and identifying the dimensions, components and indicators of social responsibility disclosure, a framework for assessing CSR disclosure incorporating 3 dimensions, 22 components and 68 indicators was designed. Then, these dimensions, components and indicators were ranked by using expert’s views and the results show that the ratios of environmental, social and economic dimensions are 0.55, 0.35 and 0.1, respectively. Among the indicators, the measures taken to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, its technologies, and greenhouse gas elimination criteria with the ratio of 0.06 were considered as the most important indicator. Also, the review of CSR disclosure reports of 330 companies for year 1396 indicates that only 9 out of 68 indicators were disclosed by each of the companies on average, and in the total sample, the highest number of disclosures is related to economic indicators with 1632 cases followed by social indicators with 1490 cases and environmental indicators with only 360 cases, which represent 27.5%, 11.5%, and 7% of the disclosure cases, respectively. Meanwhile, the study shows that 85 of the 330 companies did not disclose any of the environmental indicators, which indicates that some companies still do not pay adequate attention to the most important aspect of social responsibility disclosure

Explanation and Evaluation of a Four Step Model for Crisis Management Planning Process

The aim of this paper is to assess the crisis management planning process based on a four step's model at South West Power Generation Management Company in IRAN. In this research, the plan of company was assessed to meet contingent crisis based on crisis management planning process containing: finding risks and vulnerable issues, preparing plans and scenarios to meet crises organizing and training management team, and performing plans experimentally. The method of research was descriptive-analytical and statistical population included all 48 personnel of the company in different job levels (Top, Middle, and Executive) who were conferred in a referendum. Research tool as a questionnaire of 27 questions with Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient 0.95 prepared to plan crisis management. This research was conducted by performing a chi-square test to assess questions and “One-variable (t)” test to evaluate hypothesis of research, regard to the complexities of social and human relationships, technologies used in the industry, national and international regulations, climate and region conditions and other effective factors, occurring crisis is seemed as usual and inseparable in the life period of that organization. Thus, the production affairs, human resources and the credit of the organization has been affected and even misguided in their principle goals due to these crises. Therefore, it was revealed the analysis of the findings of this research was weak in comparison with that of theoretical findings.Key words: Crisis management team; Plans and executive scenarios; Quick responds; Crisis management planningRésumé Le but de ce texte est d'évaluer le processus de planification de gestion de crise repose sur un modèle en quatre étapes au sud Power Company West Management génération en IRAN. Dans cette recherche, le plan d'entreprise a été évaluée pour répondre à la crise contingente repose sur la gestion de crise du processus de planification contenant: trouver risques et des enjeux vulnérables, préparation des plans et des scénarios pour répondre aux crises organisation et la formation d'équipe de gestion, et l'exécution des plans expérimentalement. La méthode de recherche a été descriptive-analytique et de la population statistique comprenait tous les 48 du personnel de l'entreprise dans les niveaux d'emploi différentes (haut, milieu et exécutif) qui ont été conférés à un référendum. Outil de recherche comme un questionnaire de 27 questions avec 0,95 Cronbach Alpha coefficient de prêts à un plan de gestion de crise. Cette recherche a été menée en effectuant un test du chi-carré pour évaluer les questions et "à une variable (t)" essai pour évaluer l'hypothèse de recherche, qui concerne la complexité des relations sociales et humaines, les technologies utilisées dans l'industrie, réglementations nationales et internationales , le climat et les conditions de la région et d'autres facteurs efficaces, la crise se produise est paru comme d'habitude et inséparables dans la période de la vie de cette organisation. Ainsi, les affaires de production, ressources humaines et le crédit de l'organisation a été touchée et même erronée dans leurs objectifs de principe à cause de ces crises. Par conséquent, il a été révélé l'analyse des résultats de cette recherche a été faible en comparaison avec celle des résultats théoriques. Mots clés: Equipe de gestion de crise; Les plans et scénarios exécutif; Response rapide; Planification de la gestion des crise

Factors related to absenteeism of nurses at hospitals affiliated with Tehran Medical University

Background and aimAbsenteeism cause many problems for managers and other personnel especially nursing staff and leads to decreased quality and quantity of nursing care and, ultimately, health level of society. This descriptive study was conducted to determine the related factors of absenteeism in nursing staff at hospitals affiliated with Tehran Medical University.  Materials and methods105 registered nurses with at least 1 event of absenteeism at different healthcare centers of Imam Khomeini Hospital were randomly selected. A questionnaire in 3 parts including items for demographics, related factors of absenteeism and an open question asking about the ways to reduce it was used for data collection.Content and test-retest methods were used for validity and reliability of the tool respectively (r=0/87). Such statistical tests as Chi-square and t-student were used for data analysis. FindingsMost subjects (9.82%) was between 26-39 (mean age=4.30±1.18); 6.78%, women; 6.88%, baccalaureate; 3.74%, married; 1.57% with rental residence and 4.71% with shift rotation. 5.65% considered therapeutic problems as the most effective factor in absenteeism, of which 9.83% named tiredness from work as a reason for them. A significant correlation was found between absenteeism and age as well as sex (