61 research outputs found
Mapping for Indoor Walking Environment from Point Clouds by Using Mobile Mapping Systems
Walkability is one of the issues to be addressed in the planning of smart urban cities. Although, there is a substantial amount of studies on outdoor walking pedestrian, limited study has been done to address indoor walkability. Recently, most of the pedestrians are likely to use indoor route than outdoor route to protect themselves from sun and rain as most of the indoor routes are located on the buildings such as shopping mall and rail transit station. Therefore, it important to collect all the relevant information in the indoor building to addressed the walkability issues. The GeoSLAM ZEB REVO scanner is used for its convenience to access narrow space, busy area and complex building structure. This scanner is portable and easy to handle by the operator as it can be attached on the cart or carry it with backpack. The scanner captures the building geometry and facilities and present it in the form of point cloud. Then necessary information can be extracted from the point cloud using point cloud segmentation method. The end user such as town planner can benefit from the final product to design future building with pedestrian-friendly tool to encourage more people to walk. Therefore, it brings impact to the society by providing the healthy lifestyle in addition to reducing the use of private vehicle on the road
A batch scheduling model for a three-stage flow shop with job and batch processors considering a sampling inspection to minimize expected total actual flow time
Purpose: This research develops a batch scheduling model for a three-stage flow shop with job processors in the first and second stages and a batch processor in the third stage. The model integrates production process activities and a product inspection activity to minimize the expected total actual flow time. Design/methodology/approach: The problem of batch scheduling for a three-stage flow shop is formulated as a mathematical model, and a heuristic algorithm is proposed to solve the problem. This model applies backward scheduling to accommodate the objective of minimizing the expected total actual flow time. Findings: This research has proposed a batch scheduling model for a three-stage flow shop with job and batch processors to produce multiple items and an algorithm to solve the model. The objective is to minimize total actual time. The resulting production batches can be sequenced between all types of products to minimize idle time, and the batch processor capacity affects the sample size and indirectly affects the production batch size. Originality/value: This research develops a batch scheduling model for a three-stage flow shop constituting job and batch processors and carrying out integrated production and inspection activities to minimize the expected total actual flow timePeer Reviewe
Integer Batch Scheduling Problems for a Single-Machine to Minimize Total Actual Flow Time
AbstractThis research addresses a batch scheduling model for a single-machine under a Just-In-Time (JIT) production system that produces discrete parts. The objective is to minimize the total actual flow time, defined as the time when parts are flowing on the shop floor from its arrival time to their common delivery time. The decision variables are the number of batches, integer batch sizes, and the sequence of the resulting batches. The problem is solved based on the Lagrange Relaxation method. The optimality test of the proposed algorithm is done by comparing the result of the proposed algorithm with the Integer Composition method. The result of numerical experiments demonstrates that the proposed algorithm is very efficient to solve the problems
A Batch-Scheduling Problem to Minimize Actual Flow Times on Heterogeneous Machines under JIT Environment
A Batch Scheduling Model for a Three-stage Hybrid Flowshop Producing Products with Hierarchical Assembly Structures
This paper addresses a batch scheduling problem for a three-stage hybrid
flowshop consisting of a machining stage processing common and unique
components on unrelated parallel machines, an assembly stage combining the
components into assembled products with complex assembly structures, and a
differentiation stage processing the assembled products on dedicated machines
to produce different product types. The common
components are the same for all products and are processed in batches, while
the unique components are dedicated to respective given product types and are
processed individually (one-by-one component). The goal is to schedule all
the products with different assembly structures to minimize total actual flow
time (TAFT) defined as total time
interval of components to be processed from their arrival times to their common
due date. A non-linear programming model is proposed, where small size problems
can be solved optimally using the LINGO software, and large size problems is to
be solved using a heuristic algorithm. The proposed algorithm consists of two
sub-algorithms. The first one is constructed using a shortest processing time
(SPT) based heuristic to get a job
sequence as an initial solution and the second one is to improve the initial
solution using the variable neighbourhood descent (VND) method with
neighbourhood insert and swap move operators. In solving the problem with the
algorithm, two scenarios arise, e.g., the same and the different sequences for
all stages. A set of hypothetical data is generated for different hierarchical
assembly structures to test the model and the algorithm, and the results show
that the different sequences for all stages obtain solutions with better
performances than the same ones
An Integrated Inventory and Order Pick-up Model Considering the Capacities of Vendors, the Limited Number of Vehicles, and the Duration of Vehicle Trips for the Multi-Vendor Single-Buyer (MVSB) System
Collaboration that is mutually beneficial between vendors and buyers to minimize inventory and pick-up costs is the basis for developing an integrated inventory and order pick-up model, known as inbound inventory routing problems (IIRP). Unfortunately, the IIRP model developed so far does not consider several conditions found in the manufacturing industry, including vendorsâ limited capacities, limited number of vehicles, and duration of vehicle trips. Based on these conditions, this study aims to develop an integrated inventory and order pick-up model that considers vendorsâ limited capacity, limited number of vehicles, and duration of vehicle trips for the Multi-Vendor Single-Buyer (MVSB) system. The total relevant costs, consisting of set-up, ordering, holding, and pick-up, are kept to a minimum. The model developed in this study is classified as mixed-integer non-linear programming (MINLP), which is hard to solve using an analytic or exact approach. So, a proposed algorithm using ant colony optimization (ACO) was developed to solve the problem. Model testing was carried out by developing three types of numerical examples: small, medium, and large-scale problems. The results obtained show that the proposed algorithm can find the best solution in a realistic amount of time
Application of the Principle of Truth to Judiciary Institutions: Discourse of Judges at the Makassar Religious High Court, Indonesia
The application of the formal truth concept in civil courts, particularly religious courts, ought to have been abandoned. In several civil disputes, judges are guided by the pursuit of formal truth, resulting in unjust verdicts. This study examines the situation of the principle of formal truth in the investigation of civil matters in the Religious Courts and the view of the Makassar Religious High Court Judge regarding its application. This study is a legal-empirical investigation informed by legal philosophy. Techniques for data collecting consisting of in-depth interviews with key informants and research of court decisions and relevant literature. The findings of the study indicate that, first, the principle of formal truth that is applied to religious courts is still legitimate today, just as the HIR/RBg approach of proving civil cases in Indonesian civil courts is still valid. Second, the opinion of the judges of the Makassar Religious High Court regarding the application of the formal truth principle in the environmental courts of the religious courts demonstrates that, in general, the Makassar PTA judges believe that this principle must be applied as a trial process provision. In their opinion, the formal principle of truth serves as a guide for parties and judges when reviewing cases. Several other judges, however, believe that the formal truth principle should be substituted by the material trut
Development and characteristics of aerobic granular sludge at 40°C
This study is conducted to develop aerobic granular sludge (AGS) for domestic wastewater treatment application in a hot climate and low humidity condition such as for Middle East countries e.g. Saudi Arabia and to investigate the performance of the granular sludge in organic matter and nutrient removal by using sequencing batch reactor (SBR). The operation of the reactor was based on the SBR system with a complete cycle time of 3 hours (5 min of feeding, 140 min of aeration, 15 to 30 min of settling, 5 min of discharging and 3 min idling) and operated at 1.6 g COD / L.d organic loading rate. Granular sludge was developed at temperature 40ÂșC in 30 days operation by using synthetic wastewater as the influent. Result showed that developed granular sludge had good settling ability with average size of the granules was found to be 1.03 to 2.42 mm. Meanwhile, the removal efficiencies of chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) and total phosphorus (TP) are 87.31%, 91.93% and 61.25%. The study shows AGS can be developed at high temperature and capable to treat organics and nutrients present in domestic wastewater at hot climates and low humidity condition
- âŠ