On Fuzzy Sp

A new class of generalized fuzzy open sets in fuzzy topological space, called fuzzy sp-open sets, are introduced, and their properties are studied and the relationship between this new concept and other weaker forms of fuzzy open sets we discussed. Moreover, we introduce the fuzzy sp-continuous (resp., fuzzy sp-open) mapping and other stronger forms of sp-continuous (resp., fuzzy sp-open) mapping and establish their various characteristic properties. Finally, we study the relationships between all these mappings and other weaker forms of fuzzy continuous mapping and introduce fuzzy sp-connected. Counter examples are given to show the noncoincidence of these sets and mappings

Impact of opioid-free analgesia on pain severity and patient satisfaction after discharge from surgery: multispecialty, prospective cohort study in 25 countries

Background: Balancing opioid stewardship and the need for adequate analgesia following discharge after surgery is challenging. This study aimed to compare the outcomes for patients discharged with opioid versus opioid-free analgesia after common surgical procedures.Methods: This international, multicentre, prospective cohort study collected data from patients undergoing common acute and elective general surgical, urological, gynaecological, and orthopaedic procedures. The primary outcomes were patient-reported time in severe pain measured on a numerical analogue scale from 0 to 100% and patient-reported satisfaction with pain relief during the first week following discharge. Data were collected by in-hospital chart review and patient telephone interview 1 week after discharge.Results: The study recruited 4273 patients from 144 centres in 25 countries; 1311 patients (30.7%) were prescribed opioid analgesia at discharge. Patients reported being in severe pain for 10 (i.q.r. 1-30)% of the first week after discharge and rated satisfaction with analgesia as 90 (i.q.r. 80-100) of 100. After adjustment for confounders, opioid analgesia on discharge was independently associated with increased pain severity (risk ratio 1.52, 95% c.i. 1.31 to 1.76; P < 0.001) and re-presentation to healthcare providers owing to side-effects of medication (OR 2.38, 95% c.i. 1.36 to 4.17; P = 0.004), but not with satisfaction with analgesia (beta coefficient 0.92, 95% c.i. -1.52 to 3.36; P = 0.468) compared with opioid-free analgesia. Although opioid prescribing varied greatly between high-income and low- and middle-income countries, patient-reported outcomes did not.Conclusion: Opioid analgesia prescription on surgical discharge is associated with a higher risk of re-presentation owing to side-effects of medication and increased patient-reported pain, but not with changes in patient-reported satisfaction. Opioid-free discharge analgesia should be adopted routinely

ON Fuzzy Infra-Semiopen Sets

The notions of closure∗ and interior∗ operators are extended to a fuzzy topology. We start with new concepts called fuzzy infra-semiopen (infra-semiclosed) sets. In applying these concepts, new sorts of fuzzy continuous functions, namely, fuzzy infra-semicontinuous, infra-semi-irresolute and fuzzy infra-semiopen (infra-semiclosed) functions are introduced. A detail study is carried out on properties of these new concepts. The relationship between these concepts and others are discussed and the inverse of these relations are illustrated with examples. Finally, the concept of fuzzy infra-semiconnected are presented

Infra B Closed(Open) Sets : New Characterization and Applications

As applications on infra -B- open set for new classes ofmappings and new concepts topological spaces are introduced, namely,infra -B- continuous, infra-B-¡irresolute, infra¡-B-open(closed)mapping, infra B ¿i (i = 0; 1; 2; 3; 4), infra -B- compact andinfra -B- connected space. Some of special results and propertieswhich belong to these various applications are established and studied.Moreover, the relations and opposite relations between these new conceptsand others are discussed and counter examples are given in order toinvestigate opposite relations

On Weak and Strong Forms of Beta-open Sets

In this paper, new classes of sets in general topology called asupra--open (closed)(an infra--open (closed)) set are introduced. Using new concepts, the fundamental properties and special results are highlighted.The relations between supra--open (closed)(an infra--open (closed)) set and other topological sets are investigated. Moreover, counter-examples are given to show that the converse of these relations in Diagram 1 need not be true, in general. Finally, some special theorems are introduced by adding condition to achieve the converse relations in Diagram 1

Fiibrations property of embedding maps of orbifold charts

In this paper we introduce the notion of Hurewicz fibrations in the class of embedding maps of orbifold charts by giving the concept of E-fibration embedding. We study the fundamental properties of this concept such as the restriction, product and its relationship with Hurewicz fibration, etc. Furthermore, we introduce the notion of lifting functions of E-fibration embedding and study preserving projection property of these lifting functions

The Stability or Instability of Co-Even Domination in Graphs

The effect of deleting a vertex or (deleting or adding) an edge on co-even domination number on a graph that owns this number is discussed in this paper. Firstly, after deleting a vertex, the changes in this number were studied, which is the stability (unchanging) of the number or instability (changing) whether it was an increase or decrease. Secondly, the same study was done into how this number was affected when an edge was removed or added

Some Properties of Whole Edge Domination in Graphs

Throughout this paper we initiate a new definition of edge domination in graphs that is called whole edge domination. Some bounds and results for edge whole domination number are established. Moreover, calculate this number of some certain graphs. Also, the effect of deletion, addition, and contraction of an edge on the domination of this definition has been determined