Peritoneal tuberculosis and granulomatous hepatitis secondary to treatment of bladder cancer with Bacillus Calmette-Guérin

Intravesical administration of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin is used as a treatment method in superficial bladder cancer. While it is generally well tolerated, serious side effects may develop. Granulomatous hepatitis cases have been previously reported; however, only one case with tuberculous peritonitis exists in the current literature. We hereby present two cases, one of which is the second tubercular peritonitis case following Bacillus Calmette-Guérin treatment to be reported, and the other a case with granulomatous hepatitis. Complete cure was achieved in both cases with specific therapy. In the patient who developed peritonitis, intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guérin therapy was recommenced after antituberculosis treatment, and completed without further complications

Presentation of a casewith an association of hypothyroidismand translocation type down syndrome

Dismorfik yüz görünümü ve tiroid hormonu değerlerinde düşüklük saptanan kırk iki günlük kız bebekte; translokasyon tipi Down Sendromu ve hipotiroidi birlikteliği saptandı. Olgu; nadir görülen bir translokasyon bulunması yanısıra, hipotiroidinin, sendromun diğer bulguları arasında gözden kaçırılmaması gerektiğine dikkat çekmek için olgu sunuldu.An association between hypothyroidismand translocation type Down syndrome (DS) has been detected in a 42- day-old female baby with facial dysmorphismand low levels of blood thyroid hormones. The case is presented because of the rarity of this type of translocation, and the importance of hypothyroidismamong common findings ofDSis emphasized

Comparing Traditional Cold Knife Tonsillectomy with a New Technique Plasma Knife Tonsillectomy

Objective:The aim of this study is to compare traditional cold knife tonsillectomy and plasma knife tonsillectomy.Methods:In this study, 15 patients underwent cold knife tonsillectomy, 15 patients underwent plasma knife tonsillectomy. The patients were then followed up in the postoperative days.Results:The operation time and intraoperative blood loss in cold knife tonsillectomy group was significantly greater than the plasma knife group (p0.05). Postoperative complications were similar for both groups (p=0.224). There was no significant correlation of complications and age (p=0.921). Operation time of the patients who had complications was not different from the patients who did not have complications (p=0.086). Pain scores in every follow up time for both groups was not significantly different (p>0.005).Conclusion:According to this data, plasma knife tonsillectomy was not found superior to cold knife tonsillectomy in the postoperative pain and complications but had positive effects on operation time and blood loss

Clinical Study The Role of Serum Cytokines in the Pathogenesis of Hepatic Osteodystrophy in Male Cirrhotic Patients

Objective. In this study, we aimed to investigate the possible role of serum cytokines in the development of hepatic osteodystrophy. Matherial and Methods. 44 consecutive male cirrhotic patients (17 alcoholic, 20 hepatitis B, 7 hepatitis C), 15 age-and sex-matched chronic alcoholics without liver disease, and 17 age-and sex-matched healthy controls were included in the study during one year period. Bone mineral density was measured by dual X-ray absorptiometry in the lumbar vertebrate and femoral neck. Serum interleukin levels were measured by ELISA method. Results. Although osteopenia frequency between our cirrhotic patients was 20%, there was no difference in T-scores among the controls and other groups. Serum interleukin-1, interleukin-8, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha levels were not different between all groups. Serum interleukin-2 and interleukin-6 levels were higher in the cirrhotics than controls (P < 0.001). However, there were no significant difference between osteopenic and nonosteopenic cirrhotics. Conclusion. According to the results of the study in this small population of 44 male cirrhotic patients, frequency of hepatic osteopenia is small and serum interleukins 1, 2, 6, 8, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha may not play a role in the pathogenesis of hepatic osteodystrophy. Further studies in which large number of patients involved are necessary in this field

Real-world efficacy and safety of Ledipasvir plus Sofosbuvir and Ombitasvir/Paritaprevir/Ritonavir +/- Dasabuvir combination therapies for chronic hepatitis C: A Turkish experience

Background/Aims: This study aimed to evaluate the real-life efficacy and tolerability of direct-acting antiviral treatments for patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC) with/without cirrhosis in the Turkish population.Material and Methods: A total of 4,352 patients with CHC from 36 different institutions in Turkey were enrolled. They received ledipasvir (LDV) and sofosbuvir (SOF)+/- ribavirin (RBV) ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir +/- dasabuvir (PrOD)+/- RBV for 12 or 24 weeks. Sustained virologic response (SVR) rates, factors affecting SVR, safety profile, and hepatocellular cancer (HCC) occurrence were analyzed.Results: SVR12 was achieved in 92.8% of the patients (4,040/4,352) according to intention-to-treat and in 98.3% of the patients (4,040/4,108) according to per-protocol analysis. The SVR12 rates were similar between the treatment regimens (97.2%-100%) and genotypes (95.6%-100%). Patients achieving SVR showed a significant decrease in the mean serum alanine transaminase (ALT) levels (50.90 +/- 54.60 U/L to 17.00 +/- 14.50 U/L) and model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) scores (7.51 +/- 4.54 to 7.32 +/- 3.40) (p<0.05). Of the patients, 2 were diagnosed with HCC during the treatment and 14 were diagnosed with HCC 37.0 +/- 16.0 weeks post-treatment. Higher initial MELD score (odds ratio [OR]: 1.92, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.22-2.38; p=0.023]), higher hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA levels (OR: 1.44, 95% CI: 1.31-2.28; p=0.038), and higher serum ALT levels (OR: 1.38, 95% CI: 1.21-1.83; p=0.042) were associated with poor SVR12. The most common adverse events were fatigue (12.6%), pruritis (7.3%), increased serum ALT (4.7%) and bilirubin (3.8%) levels, and anemia (3.1%).Conclusion: LDV/SOF or PrOD +/- RBV were effective and tolerable treatments for patients with CHC and with or without advanced liver disease before and after liver transplantation. Although HCV eradication improves the liver function, there is a risk of developing HCC.Turkish Association for the Study of The Liver (TASL

Makinalarda Kullanılan Mekanizmaların Enerji Tüketimlerinin, Titreşimlerinin, Seslerinin, Yataklarındaki Aşınmaların Asgariye İndirgenmesi ve Çalışma Esnekliklerinin Arttırılması

Mekanizmalar, hareket, kuvvet ve enerjinin mekanik olarak iletilmesi amacıyla kullanılan mekanik sistemler olarak tanımlanabilirler. Mekanizmaların yoğun olarak kullanıldığı alanlardan bazıları, taşıt araçları, kompresörler, pompalar, üretim makinaları (paketleme, tekstil makinaları gibi), iş makinaları olarak özetlenebilir. Literatürde, mekanizmaların dinamik performanslarını geliştirmeye yönelik olarak çeşitli yöntemler mevcuttur. Öte yandan, ayarlanabilir mekanizmaların (adjustable mechanisms) bu amaçla kullanılması konusunda bir çalışma bulunmamaktadır. Ayarlanabilir mekanizmalar, uzuvlarının kinematik boyutlarının ve/veya atalet özelliklerinin (inertial parameters) istenilen bir biçimde değiştirilebildiği mekanizmalar olarak tanımlanabilir. Bu projede, ayarlanabilir mekanizmalar, mekanizmaların dinamik performanslarını geliştirme amacıyla kullanılmıştır. Ayrıca, proje önerisinde de belirtildiği üzere, Dr. Reşit Soylu tarafından patent başvurusunda bulunulmuş olan mekanik kuvvet ve mekanik tork jeneratörlerinin de prototipleri üretilmiş; ve bu jeneratörlerin mekanizmaların dinamik performanslarını geliştirme amacıyla kullanılabileceği gösterilmiştir. Projenin temel hedefleri, mekanizmalarda daha ucuz ve daha düşük güçlü eyleyiciler kullanılarak mekanizmaların maliyetlerinin ve enerji tüketimlerinin azaltılması; mekanizmaların yarattığı ses ve titreşimlerin azaltılması ve mekanizmayı zemine bağlayan yatakların ve bağlantı elemanlarının çalışma ömürlerinin arttırılması olarak özetlenebilir. Proje kapsamında geliştirilmiş bulunan yöntemler ile, tekstil makinaları, üretim hatlarındaki makinalar, taşıma – yerleştirme sistemleri gibi mekanizma içeren birçok makinada önemli oranlarda performans iyileştirmesi ve enerji tasarrufu elde edilebileceği kanısına varılmıştır. Projede, hem teorik hem de deneysel yaklaşımlar kullanılmıştır. Farklı topolojilerden seçilmiş tipik mekanizmalar öncelikle teorik olarak modellenmiş ve dinamik performanslarını geliştirmek için farklı tasarımlar yapılmıştır. Elde edilen tasarımlar ön değerlendirmeden geçirilerek, prototipleri üretilmiştir. Proje kapsamında prototipi üretilmiş bulunan mekanik kuvvet jeneratörü, minimum sürtünme ve minimum sarsma kuvvetlerine sahip olan ve istenilen herhangi bir girdi – çıktı fonksiyonunu gerçekleştirebilen bir çift kızak mekanizması olarak tanımlanabilir. Benzer bir biçimde, mekanik tork jeneratörü de, aynı özelliklere sahip bir krank biyel mekanizması olarak değerlendirilebilir. Proje kapsamında yapılan çalışmaların, bu iki verimli mekanizmanın birçok endüstriyel alanda kullanılabileceğini gösterdiği kanısına varılmıştır

Prediction of Source Rock Characteristics of Hydrocarbon Gases in the Camurlu Field (South Eastern Turkey) by Isotopic Modeling

From six different production wells in the Camurlu Field, which is one of the important production regions in South Eastern Turkey, gas samples were investigated for their molecular and isotopic composition in order to determine origin of gases and probable source rocks. TOC measurements, kerogen isotope analysis and Rock-Eval pyrolysis analyses were also performed using cutting samples taken from three different wells in order to determine the characteristics of probable source rocks and to utilize this data for isotopic modeling. It was specified that kerogen isotope values of these samples varied between C -28.0 and -22.9 aEuro degrees. Stable carbon isotope ratios of Camurlu gases were determined as C-1: -38.2 to -33.6 aEuro degrees, C-2: -32.9 to -29.1 aEuro degrees, C-3: -31.1 to -29.1 aEuro degrees, respectively. In the classifications conducted according to methane, ethane and propane C and methane isotope values, it was observed that Camurlu gases are thermogenic gases. Isotope modeling was applied in order to determine the characteristics of the probable source rock that generated the thermogenic Camurlu gases. In the isotope modeling according to methane-ethane, ethane-propane isotopes, it was determined that hydrocarbon gases were generated from a single source rock and its maturity varies between 0.8 and 1.0 (%Ro). Organic matter type of the source rock was specified as a mixture of Type II and Type III kerogen. As a result of the assessments made, it was found that the source rock of Camurlu gases can be the Paleozoic source rocks

Geleneksel soğuk bıçak tonsillektomi ile yeni bir teknik olan plazma knife tonsillektominin karşılaştırılması

Amaç: Geleneksel bir yöntem olan soğuk bıçak tonsil- lektomi ile plazma knife tonsillektomi tekniğinin sonuç- ları karşılaştırıldı. Yöntemler: Onbeş hastaya soğuk bıçak tonsillektomi, 15 hastaya plazma knife ile tonsillektomi uygulandı, hastalar ameliyat sonrası takip edildi. Bulgular: Soğuk bıçak tonsillektomi grubunda operas- yon süresi ve kanama miktarı istatistiksel anlamlı olarak daha fazla bulundu (p0,005). Gruplar arasında komplikasyon görülme oranı açısından istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark yoktu (p=0,224). Komplikasyon ile yaş arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı birliktelik görülmedi (p=0,921). Komp- likasyon görülen ve görülmeyen olgularda operasyon sü- resi açısından istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık yoktu (p=0,086) ve her bir izlem zamanı içerisinde ağrı düzey- leri yönünden istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık yok idi (p>0,005). Sonuç: Plazma knife ile tonsillektomi tekniği soğuk bı- çak tonsillektomiye göre postoperatif ağrı ve komplikas- yonlar açısından çok farklı bir kazanç sağlamazken, daha kısa operasyon süresi ve daha az kan kaybı açısından olumlu etkisi olduğu kanaatine varılmıştır.Objective: Te aim of this study is to compare tradi- tional cold knife tonsillectomy and plasma knife ton- sillectomy. Methods: In this study, 15 patients underwent cold knife tonsillectomy, 15 patients underwent plasma knife tonsillectomy. Te patients were then followed up in the postoperative days. Results: Te operation time and intraoperative blood loss in cold knife tonsillectomy group was signifcantly greater than the plasma knife group (p&lt;0.001). Te mean pain scores in the plasma knife group was signif- cantly higher than the dissection group (p=0.006). Pain scores in each follow up time for each group was not statistically signifcant (p&gt;0.05). Postoperative compli- cations were similar for both groups (p=0.224). Tere was no signifcant correlation of complications and age (p=0.921). Operation time of the patients who had com- plications was not diferent from the patients who did not have complications (p=0.086). Pain scores in every follow up time for both groups was not signifcantly dif- ferent (p&gt;0.005). Conclusion: According to this data, plasma knife ton- sillectomy was not found superior to cold knife tonsil- lectomy in the postoperative pain and complications but had positive efects on operation time and blood loss

Misoprostol-Induced Modification of the Notch Signaling Pathway in the Human Cervix

WOS: 000475782200005PubMed: 30278829The complex and multifactorial mechanisms that initiate and sustain the early labor process in the human uterus and cervix are still not well defined. Cervical maturation or ripening is likely to play a key role in preparing for birth. Prostaglandins have many different functions, including the regulation of uterine contractility and structure during pregnancy. The prostaglandin E1 analogue misoprostol is frequently used as a uterotonic and cervical ripening agent. Notch is a transmembrane receptor family responsible for basic functions such as cell survival, cell-cell communication, and differentiation and decidualization in pregnancy. However, our understanding of the effect of Notch signaling on the cervical ripening process is limited. This study was conducted in 20 pregnant women aged at 12 to 20 weeks of gestation undergoing medical abortion for fetal or maternal indications. True-Cut needle biopsies were taken from the anterior cervix 4 hours after oral ingestion of 200-mu g misoprostol or before the ingestion of misoprostol in the control group. Cervical expression of Notch receptors and ligands changed during the early phase of prostaglandin-induced preterm labor. Four hours after the administration of misoprostol, it was seen that N1 expression increased in muscle, while DLL1 and J2 expression increased in blood vessels, and N4 expression increased in macrophages. Knowing the mechanisms that initiate preterm birth is the most important step in planning the treatments and actions to prevent premature birth. As a signal that affects and perhaps directs preterm labor, Notch is prone to be an important actor in this process.Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK)Turkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arastirma Kurumu (TUBITAK) [215S942]The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: This study was supported by the Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) with Grant No. 215S942