12th WORLD UNIVERSITIES WRESTLING CHAMPIONSHIP FREE STYLE COMPETITION TECHNICAL ANALYSIS

The purpose of this study was to make 12th World Universities Wrestling Championships Free style competition technical analysis. There were 85 participants from 19 countries participated in Çorum. The observation form prepared before the competitions with recorded by two researchers, technical analysis of the recordings were obtained. During the competitions, the scores obtained, warnings, winning types, successful techniques recorded in the technical analyze form. In statistical analysis, the percentage distributions for each parameter and match percentage rates were calculated. Statistical was performed by One Way ANOVA and LSD analysis of variance in group comparisons. The number of technical points taken for all weight groups in wrestling competitions were 789 points. The highest number of points was achieved in middleweight groups with 352 and with the maximum number of matches was made with 33 in the middleweight group. In the free style wrestling, ratio for one competition (ROC) was of received number of 10.38 points. Ratio of received points for one competition between weight groups found differences (p<0.05). The points of Middleweight group are higher from Lightweight and Heavyweight groups. Lightweight wrestlers 51.85% won by score and while 48.15% won by technical superiority. Middleweight wrestlers 48.48% won by score and while 51.52% won by technical superiority. Heavyweight wrestlers 75% won by score and while 25% won by technical superiority. Iran, Russia and Turkey participated in all category competitions. To get degrees, countries must matches at all sizes. Number of touch in Heavyweight wrestlers was more than from lightweight and middleweight wrestlers. Coaches in Countries must follow the wrestlers of competing countries. If necessary, it should go to the weight category setting. Some wrestlers recommended wrestled at the top category or bottom category.   Article visualizations

Mortality from gastrointestinal congenital anomalies at 264 hospitals in 74 low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries: a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study

Summary Background Congenital anomalies are the fifth leading cause of mortality in children younger than 5 years globally. Many gastrointestinal congenital anomalies are fatal without timely access to neonatal surgical care, but few studies have been done on these conditions in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We compared outcomes of the seven most common gastrointestinal congenital anomalies in low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries globally, and identified factors associated with mortality. Methods We did a multicentre, international prospective cohort study of patients younger than 16 years, presenting to hospital for the first time with oesophageal atresia, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, intestinal atresia, gastroschisis, exomphalos, anorectal malformation, and Hirschsprung’s disease. Recruitment was of consecutive patients for a minimum of 1 month between October, 2018, and April, 2019. We collected data on patient demographics, clinical status, interventions, and outcomes using the REDCap platform. Patients were followed up for 30 days after primary intervention, or 30 days after admission if they did not receive an intervention. The primary outcome was all-cause, in-hospital mortality for all conditions combined and each condition individually, stratified by country income status. We did a complete case analysis. Findings We included 3849 patients with 3975 study conditions (560 with oesophageal atresia, 448 with congenital diaphragmatic hernia, 681 with intestinal atresia, 453 with gastroschisis, 325 with exomphalos, 991 with anorectal malformation, and 517 with Hirschsprung’s disease) from 264 hospitals (89 in high-income countries, 166 in middleincome countries, and nine in low-income countries) in 74 countries. Of the 3849 patients, 2231 (58·0%) were male. Median gestational age at birth was 38 weeks (IQR 36–39) and median bodyweight at presentation was 2·8 kg (2·3–3·3). Mortality among all patients was 37 (39·8%) of 93 in low-income countries, 583 (20·4%) of 2860 in middle-income countries, and 50 (5·6%) of 896 in high-income countries (p<0·0001 between all country income groups). Gastroschisis had the greatest difference in mortality between country income strata (nine [90·0%] of ten in lowincome countries, 97 [31·9%] of 304 in middle-income countries, and two [1·4%] of 139 in high-income countries; p≤0·0001 between all country income groups). Factors significantly associated with higher mortality for all patients combined included country income status (low-income vs high-income countries, risk ratio 2·78 [95% CI 1·88–4·11], p<0·0001; middle-income vs high-income countries, 2·11 [1·59–2·79], p<0·0001), sepsis at presentation (1·20 [1·04–1·40], p=0·016), higher American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score at primary intervention (ASA 4–5 vs ASA 1–2, 1·82 [1·40–2·35], p<0·0001; ASA 3 vs ASA 1–2, 1·58, [1·30–1·92], p<0·0001]), surgical safety checklist not used (1·39 [1·02–1·90], p=0·035), and ventilation or parenteral nutrition unavailable when needed (ventilation 1·96, [1·41–2·71], p=0·0001; parenteral nutrition 1·35, [1·05–1·74], p=0·018). Administration of parenteral nutrition (0·61, [0·47–0·79], p=0·0002) and use of a peripherally inserted central catheter (0·65 [0·50–0·86], p=0·0024) or percutaneous central line (0·69 [0·48–1·00], p=0·049) were associated with lower mortality. Interpretation Unacceptable differences in mortality exist for gastrointestinal congenital anomalies between lowincome, middle-income, and high-income countries. Improving access to quality neonatal surgical care in LMICs will be vital to achieve Sustainable Development Goal 3.2 of ending preventable deaths in neonates and children younger than 5 years by 2030

Tarımsal danışmanlık hizmetinin tarımsal üretim üzerine etkilerinin analizi : Balıkesir ili örneği

Tarımsal Danışmanlık Hizmeti (TDH)'nin, tarımsal işletmelerde, üretim, verim ve dolayısıyla tarımsal gelir artışında önemli katkılar sunabileceği düşünülmektedir. Bu çalışmada Balıkesir ilinde, TDH 'nden yararlanan ve yararlanmayan işletmeler, birçok değişken dikkate alınarak karşılaştırılmış ve karşıt durum etki değerleme yöntemi kullanılarak analiz yapılmıştır. Yörede, gayeli olarak belirlenmiş olan 143 işletmeyle yüz yüze anket uygulaması gerçekleştirilmiştir. 72 adet işletme TDH'nden yararlanan işletmelerden, 71 işletme ise TDH'nden yararlanmayan işletmelerden seçilmiştir. Anket çalışmaları 2014-2015 yıllarında yapılmıştır. Başlıca üretici ve tarımsal işletme karakteristiklerinin (yaş, eğitim, deneyim, hanedeki birey sayısı, arazi varlığı, hayvan varlığı vb.) belirlenmesinde, tanımlayıcı istatistikler (aritmetik ortalama, standart sapma vb.) kullanılmıştır. Yapılan etki değerleme analizine göre de, oıtalama müdahale etkisi (A TE) değerleri incelendiğinde; tüm üreticilerin TDH'nden yararlanması durumunda, işletme başına düşen yıllık ortalama toplam tarımsal gelir, üreticilerin hiçbirinin TDH 'nden yararlanmaması durumuna göre elde edilecek gelirden 4.986 lı daha fazla olacağı belirlenmiştir. TDH'nden (rnüdahaleden) yararlanmış işletmelerde, TDH'nin etkisini ortaya koyan (ATET) analiz sonuçları değerlendirildiğinde ise; TDH'nden yararlanan tüm üreticiler için, bu üreticilerin elde ettikleri yıllık toplam tarımsal gelir, bu üreticilerin (TDH'nden yararlanan) TDH 'nden yararlanmaması durumunda elde edecekleri gelirden 4.972 t daha fazla olduğu belirlenmiştir