Cross-layer scheduling and resource allocation for heterogeneous traffic in 3G LTE

3G long term evolution (LTE) introduces stringent needs in order to provide different kinds of traffic with Quality of Service (QoS) characteristics. The major problem with this nature of LTE is that it does not have any paradigm scheduling algorithm that will ideally control the assignment of resources which in turn will improve the user satisfaction. This has become an open subject and different scheduling algorithms have been proposed which are quite challenging and complex. To address this issue, in this paper, we investigate how our proposed algorithm improves the user satisfaction for heterogeneous traffic, that is, best-effort traffic such as file transfer protocol (FTP) and real-time traffic such as voice over internet protocol (VoIP). Our proposed algorithm is formulated using the cross-layer technique. The goal of our proposed algorithm is to maximize the expected total user satisfaction (total-utility) under different constraints. We compared our proposed algorithm with proportional fair (PF), exponential proportional fair (EXP-PF), and U-delay. Using simulations, our proposed algorithm improved the performance of real-time traffic based on throughput, VoIP delay, and VoIP packet loss ratio metrics while PF improved the performance of best-effort traffic based on FTP traffic received, FTP packet loss ratio, and FTP throughput metrics

Case of New Onset Alice in Wonderland Syndrome in Adolescent After Prolonged Hospitalization

Alice in wonderland syndrome (AIWS) has been described as body image illusions involving distortions of the size, mass, or shape of the patient’s own body or its position in space, often occurring with depersonalization and derealization. Most cases typically affect young children. Common distortions are micropsia, macropsia, metamorphopsia, and pelopsia. The term was adopted from the book by Lewis Carroll, wherein the main character perceived her size and shape to change in different scenarios. These distortions are often expressed as sensory perceptions rather than illusions or hallucinations, and are often distressing to the patient. AIWS onset has been found to be associated with infection, among most frequent pathogens are epilepsy, migraine, depression, and Epstein Barr Virus. The most common which have been reported to show association are infection and migraine/head trauma. This case describes a relatively quick onset of symptoms of AIWS in a patient after a prolonged hospital stay

Joint unmixing-deconvolution algorithms for hyperspectral images

International audienceThis paper combines supervised linear unmixing and deconvolution problems to increase the resolution of the abundance maps for industrial imaging systems. The joint unmixing-deconvolution (JUD) algorithm is introduced based on the Tikhonov regularization criterion for offline processing. In order to meet the needs of industrial applications, the proposed JUD algorithm is then extended for online processing by using a block Tikhonov criterion. The performance of JUD is increased by adding a non-negativity constraint which is implemented in a fast way using the quadratic penalty method and fast Fourier transform. The proposed algorithm is then assessed using both simulated and real hyperspectral images

Ordered mesoporous carbon as adsorbent for the removal of a tripenylmethane dye from its aqueous solutions

Funding: This research was funded by Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology via a Senior Research Fellowship and by the Engineering and Physical Research Council (EPSRC) of the UK, grant numbers EP/T019298/1, EP/L017008/1 and EP/R023751/1). The APC was funded by the University of St Andrews.A nanostructured material, ordered mesoporous carbon (OMC), was synthesised in metal- and halide-free form and its use for the sequestration of crystal violet, a hazardous triphenylmethane dye, is reported for the first time. The OMC material is characterised using scanning transmission electron microscopy with energy-dispersive spectroscopy for chemical analysis, by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and by nitrogen gas physisorption. The ideal conditions for the uptake of crystal violet dye were determined in batch experiments covering the standard parameters: pH, concentration, contact time, and adsorbent dosage. Experimental data are validated by applying Langmuir, Freundlich, Dubinin–Radushkevich, and Temkin isotherms. The thermodynamic parameters, ΔH°, ΔG°, and ΔS°, are calculated and it has been found that the adsorption process is spontaneous and endothermic with increasing disorder. An in-depth analysis of the kinetics of the adsorption process, order of the reaction and corresponding values of the rate constants was performed. The adsorption of crystal violet over OMC has been found to follow pseudo-second-order kinetics through a film diffusion process at all temperatures studied. Continuous flow column operations were performed using fixed bed adsorption. Parameters including percentage saturation of the OMC bed are evaluated. The exhausted column was regenerated through a desorption process and column efficiency was determined.Peer reviewe

The post-mortem resilience of facial creases and the possibility for use in identification of the dead

The post-mortem resilience of facial creases was studied using donated bodies in order to establish the efficacy of crease analysis for identification of the dead. Creases were studied on normal (pre-embalmed) and bloated (embalmed) cadavers at the Centre for Anatomy and Human Identification (CAHID) to establish whether facial bloating would affect facial crease visibility. Embalming was chosen to simulate the effects produced by post-mortem bloating. The results suggested that creases are resilient and changes were only detected for creases located on the periphery of the face, particularly at areas where the skin is thick, such as at the cheeks. Two new creases not previously classified were identified; these creases were called the vertical superciliary arch line and the lateral nose crease. This research suggests that facial creases may be resilient enough after death to be utilised for human identification

PRA RANCANGAN PABRIK DIMETIL ETHER DARI METANOL KAPASITAS 25.000 TON/TAHUN

Pabrik dimetil ether dari metanol dirancang dengan kapasitas 25.000 ton/tahun. Pabrik beroperasi secara kontinyu 24 jam per hari dan bekerja 330 hari pertahun. Pabrik direncanakan didirikan di wilayah Bunyu, Propinsi Kalimantan 2Timur. Pabrik ini membutuhkan tanah seluas 46.000 m . Bentuk badan perusahaan ini adalah perseroan yaitu perusahaan yang status hukumnya sebagai badan hukum perdata yang berbentuk Perseroan Terbatas dan membutuhkan tenaga kerja sebanyak 189 orang. Untuk menghasilkan dimetil ether sebanyak 25.000 ton/tahun di butuhkan bahan baku metanol yang didapat dari PT. Medco Methanol Bunyu yang memproduksi metanol dengan kemurnian 99,5% dengan kapasitas produksi rata-rata 1000 ton/hari atau 330.000 ton/tahun (data tahun 2010). Kebutuhan unit utilitas berupa air, diambil dari sungai Indulang, sebanyak 66943,269 kg/jam, daya listrik terpasang 2500 kW, bahan bakar fuel oil sebanyak 742,81 liter/jam dan solar 381.933,63 liter/tahun, serta udara tekan 2 m /jam. Dimetil ether dibuat dengan cara mereaksikan metanol dan air dalam reaktor fixed bed multitubular dengan katalisator Polysulponated benzene pada suhu 170- o210 C dan tekanan 2 atm. Gas hasil reaktor dialirkan ke kondensor yang bertujuan untuk mengembunkan dimetil ether. Hasil dari kondensor ditampung di akumulator dan kemudian diumpankan ke menara distilasi (MD-01) untuk memisahkan dimetil ether dengan air dan metanol, sehingga didapat dimetil ether dengan kemurnian yang tinggi. Dimetil ether kemudian ditampung di dalam tangki penyimpan untuk dipasarkan. Sedangkan hasil bawah MD-01 dialirkan ke menara distilasi (MD-02) untuk memisahkan metanol dengan air, hasil atas MD-02 direcycle ke reaktor bersama umpan segar. Sedangkan hasil bawah MD-02 dialirkan ke unit pengolahan lanjut. Pada pendirian pabrik ini dibutuhkan modal tetap fixed capital investment (FCI) sebesar US $2,256,552 + Rp. 386.144.828.000. dan modal kerja working capital (WC) US$ 143,943,00 + Rp. 124.150.698.000, Dari hasil perhitungan evaluasi ekonomi didapat ROI sebelum pajak 34,268 % per tahun dan Return On Investment (ROI) sesudah pajak 25,187 % per tahun, Pay Out Time (POT) sebelum pajak 2,1 tahun dan POT sesudah pajak 2,6 tahun, Break Event point (BEP) sebesar 41,24 %, Shut Down Point (SDP) sebesar 20,66 % dan Discounted Cash Flow Rate (DCFR) sebesar 55,53 %. Dari uraian di atas, pabrik dimetil ether dari metanol dirancang dengan kapasitas 25.000 ton/tahun layak untuk dipertimbangkan lebih lanjut

Flexible decoupled camera and projector fringe projection system using inertial sensors

Measurement of objects with complex geometry and many self occlusions is increasingly important in many fields, including additive manufacturing. In a fringe projection system, the camera and the projector cannot move independently with respect to each other, which limits the ability of the system to overcome object self-occlusions. We demonstrate a fringe projection setup where the camera can move independently with respect to the projector, thus minimizing the effects of self-occlusion. The angular motion of the camera is tracked and recalibrated using an on-board inertial angular sensor, which can additionally perform automated point cloud registration