Development of Simulator with Artificial Intelligence on Secondary Power System Operation

Centralized control from a control center is popular in secondary power systems. However, as operating systems are modernized and automated, operators rarely have opportunities to experience various situations. On the other hand, operators are expected to quickly cope with any situation once an accident happens. In this paper, artificial intelligence has been applied to the training of a secondary power system operation. The developed system has simulation, training, and inquiry modes. In the training mode, it helps operators train in restoring power systems. If an operator succeeds in restoration, the system evaluates executed operations. If he fails, the system generates and presents an example of restoration operations. These functions have been realized by expert systems of a production rule type. Methods of automatically generating restoration process and of evaluating executed operations have been described in detail. Restoration operations are generated so as to restore blackout load buses one by one. The used rules are very simple, and are easy for operators to understand. On an operator's request, it explains how each operation is generated. Evaluation is made on items such as new blackouts and overloads caused by executed operations. If any operations come under these items, then the system gives some warnings and corrections about them. The system was applied to an example power system, and its effectiveness was verified

Time-resolved quantitative multiphase interferometric imaging of a highly focused ultrasound pulse

Interferometric imaging is a well established method to image phase objects by mixing the image wavefront with a reference one on a CCD camera. It has also been applied to fast transient phenomena, mostly through the analysis of single interferograms. It is shown that for repetitive phenomena multiphase acquisition brings significant advantages. A 1 MHz focused sound field emitted by a hemispherical piezotransducer in water is imaged as an example. Quantitative image analysis provides high resolution sound field profiles. Pressure at focus determined by this method agrees with measurements from a fiber-optic probe hydrophone. This confirms that multiphase interferometric imaging can indeed provide quantitative measurements

Mineralized Blood Vessels in the Capsules of Human Pineal Glands

We observed mineralized blood vessels in the capsules of human pineal glands containing abundant fibrous calcareous concretions in the capsules as well as non-fibrous calcareous concretions (brain sands) in the gland matrix. The capsular blood vessels were sometimes scattered with mineralized, round deposits of various sizes containing minute spherical deposits (MSD). The MSD showed hypermineralization similar to that in capsular fibrous concretions reported in our recent study and some MSD resembled those consistent with Fahr\u27s disease. Occasionally, the vessel lumens were completely embedded with mineralized deposits. As the characteristic means of detection from the mineralized blood vessels, the volume of Na was significantly higher than that of the matrix non-fibrous concretions. The origin of Na in the mineralized blood vessels containing MSD was likely derived from the connective tissue fluid. Our findings suggested that a human pineal gland matrix containing numerous non-fibrous concretions is likely to associate with mineralized deposits within the blood vessels as well as fibrous concretions in the capsule

Fibrous Calcareous Concretions in the Capsules of Human Pineal Glands

We examined calcareous concretions in the capsule of 15 human pineal glands containing a large amount of the concretions in the matrix. The capsule concretions, brown to blackish-brown in color and/or translucent, were smaller than the matrix concretions, which were yellowish-white. The matrix concretions showed the typical mulberry-shaped overall appearance with scallop-shaped concentric laminations of non-fibrous structures, but the capsule concretions, which also contained Ca and P, showed a globular or oval shape with regular, rough, or no concentric laminations. The capsule concretions also showed globules of mineralized collagen fibers that resembled randomly wound threads and that were occasionally associated with minute spherical deposits showing hypermineralization in the core region as initial calcification. Na was detected as a minor characteristic element of the capsule concretions, and at a significantly higher level than that of the matrix concretions. The findings strongly suggested that a human pineal gland containing numerous matrix concretions is likely to produce mineralized deposits in the capsule

The post-mortem resilience of facial creases and the possibility for use in identification of the dead

The post-mortem resilience of facial creases was studied using donated bodies in order to establish the efficacy of crease analysis for identification of the dead. Creases were studied on normal (pre-embalmed) and bloated (embalmed) cadavers at the Centre for Anatomy and Human Identification (CAHID) to establish whether facial bloating would affect facial crease visibility. Embalming was chosen to simulate the effects produced by post-mortem bloating. The results suggested that creases are resilient and changes were only detected for creases located on the periphery of the face, particularly at areas where the skin is thick, such as at the cheeks. Two new creases not previously classified were identified; these creases were called the vertical superciliary arch line and the lateral nose crease. This research suggests that facial creases may be resilient enough after death to be utilised for human identification