7,165 research outputs found
Predicting Intermediate Storage Performance for Workflow Applications
Configuring a storage system to better serve an application is a challenging
task complicated by a multidimensional, discrete configuration space and the
high cost of space exploration (e.g., by running the application with different
storage configurations). To enable selecting the best configuration in a
reasonable time, we design an end-to-end performance prediction mechanism that
estimates the turn-around time of an application using storage system under a
given configuration. This approach focuses on a generic object-based storage
system design, supports exploring the impact of optimizations targeting
workflow applications (e.g., various data placement schemes) in addition to
other, more traditional, configuration knobs (e.g., stripe size or replication
level), and models the system operation at data-chunk and control message
level.
This paper presents our experience to date with designing and using this
prediction mechanism. We evaluate this mechanism using micro- as well as
synthetic benchmarks mimicking real workflow applications, and a real
application.. A preliminary evaluation shows that we are on a good track to
meet our objectives: it can scale to model a workflow application run on an
entire cluster while offering an over 200x speedup factor (normalized by
resource) compared to running the actual application, and can achieve, in the
limited number of scenarios we study, a prediction accuracy that enables
identifying the best storage system configuration
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Spanish validation of the revised depression attitude questionnaire (R-daq)
Purpose: The aim of the study was to develop and validate a Spanish version of the Revised Depression Attitude Questionnaire (R-DAQ). Methods: The R-DAQ was used as a baseline for the study. It was translated and tested to ensure the instrument was appropriate for the target population. 537 Ecuadorian healthcare professionals completed the revised Spanish version of the R-DAQ (SR-DAQ). Statistical and exploratory factor analyses were performed to examine construct validity, internal consistency, readability and floor and ceiling effects. Results: Three factors were obtained: “Professional confidence in depression care”; “Therapeutic optimism about depression”; and “Generalist perspective about depression occurrence, recognition, and management”. The internal consistency of the SR-DAQ was determined by means of Cronbach’s α coefficient, with values ranging between 0.61–0.8. The correlations with the English version reflected adequate validity. The model explained 39% of the variance. Subsequent analysis with a sample restricted to those who had received training in depression produced a model that explained 42% of the variance. Conclusion: The SR-DAQ meets the psychometric requirements for measuring depression attitude in a Spanish-speaking population and shows adequate internal consistency and validity
Inhomogeneous broadening of intersubband transitions due to nonscreening roughness of heterointerfaces
The shape of the terahertz absorption peak in quantum wells with rough heterointerfaces is studied. Although the long-range variations of the ground level are screened in heavily doped structures, the intersubband in-plane energy remains nonuniform due to the second-level variations. The equation for intersubband polarization is considered in the resonant approximation, taking into account the depolarization shift. The line shape of the intersubband absorption peak is described for the case with long-range variations of heterointerfaces. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/70071/2/JAPIAU-87-7-3582-1.pd
On the number of contacts of a floating polymer chain cross-linked with a surface adsorbed chain on fractal structures
We study the interaction problem of a linear polymer chain, floating in
fractal containers that belong to the three-dimensional Sierpinski gasket (3D
SG) family of fractals, with a surface-adsorbed linear polymer chain. Each
member of the 3D SG fractal family has a fractal impenetrable 2D adsorbing
surface, which appears to be 2D SG fractal. The two-polymer system is modelled
by two mutually crossing self-avoiding walks. By applying the Monte Carlo
Renormalization Group (MCRG) method, we calculate the critical exponents
, associated with the number of contacts of the 3D SG floating polymer
chain, and the 2D SG adsorbed polymer chain, for a sequence of SG fractals with
. Besides, we propose the codimension additivity (CA) argument
formula for , and compare its predictions with our reliable set of the
MCRG data. We find that monotonically decreases with increasing ,
that is, with increase of the container fractal dimension. Finally, we discuss
the relations between different contact exponents, and analyze their possible
behaviour in the fractal-to-Euclidean crossover region .Comment: 15 pages, 3 figure
Rationale and design of LUX-Head & Neck 1: a randomised, Phase III trial of afatinib versus methotrexate in patients with recurrent and/or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma who progressed after platinum-based therapy
Background: Patients with recurrent and/or metastatic (R/M) head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) receiving platinum-based chemotherapy as their first-line treatment have a dismal prognosis, with a median overall survival (OS) of ~7 months. Methotrexate is sometimes used following platinum failure or in patients not fit enough for platinum therapy, but this agent has not demonstrated any OS improvement. Targeted therapies are a novel approach, with the EGFR-targeting monoclonal antibody cetuximab (plus platinum-based chemotherapy) approved in the US and Europe in the first-line R/M setting, and as monotherapy following platinum failure in the US. However, there is still a high unmet medical need for new treatments that improve outcomes in the second-line R/M setting following failure on first-line platinum-containing regimens. Afatinib, an irreversible ErbB family blocker, was recently approved for the first-line treatment of EGFR mutation-positive metastatic non-small cell lung cancer. Afatinib has also shown clinical activity similar to cetuximab in a Phase II proof-of-concept HNSCC trial. Based on these observations, the Phase III, LUX-Head & Neck 1 study is evaluating afatinib versus methotrexate in R/M HNSCC patients following progression on platinum-based chemotherapy in the R/M setting. Methods/Design Patients with progressive disease after one first-line platinum-based chemotherapy are randomised 2:1 to oral afatinib (starting dose 40 mg once daily) or IV methotrexate (starting dose 40 mg/m2 once weekly) administered as monotherapy with best supportive care until progression or intolerable adverse events. Efficacy of afatinib versus methotrexate will be assessed in terms of progression-free survival (primary endpoint). Disease progression will be evaluated according to RECIST v1.1 by investigator and independent central review. Secondary endpoints include OS, tumour response and safety. Health-related quality of life and biomarker assessments will also be performed. Discussion If the LUX-Head & Neck 1 trial meets its primary endpoint, it will demonstrate the ability of afatinib to elicit an improved treatment benefit versus a commonly used chemotherapy agent in the second-line treatment of R/M HNSCC patients who have failed on first-line platinum-based therapy, confirm the clinical efficacy of afatinib observed in the Phase II proof-of-concept study, and establish a new standard of care for this patient population
Inhomogeneous superconductivity in organic conductors: role of disorder and magnetic field
Several experimental studies have shown the presence of spatially
inhomogeneous phase coexistence of superconducting and non superconducting
domains in low dimensional organic superconductors. The superconducting
properties of these systems are found to be strongly dependent on the amount of
disorder introduced in the sample regardless of its origin. The suppression of
the superconducting transition temperature shows clear discrepancy with
the result expected from the Abrikosov-Gor'kov law giving the behavior of
with impurities. Based on the time dependent Ginzburg-Landau theory, we derive
a model to account for the striking feature of in organic superconductors
for different types of disorder by considering the segregated texture of the
system. We show that the calculated quantitatively agrees with
experiments. We also focus on the role of superconducting fluctuations on the
upper critical fields of layered superconductors showing slab
structure where superconducting domains are sandwiched by non-superconducting
regions. We found that may be strongly enhanced by such fluctuations.Comment: to appear in Journal of Physics: Condensed Matte
Criação e enriquecimento da coleção de Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. manihotis, agente causal da bacteriose da mandioca.
A mandioca (Manihot esculenta Crantz) é uma planta com crescente importância, sendo utilizada na alimentação de cerca de 600 milhões de pessoas no mundo. Uma das principais causas de perda de produtividade da cultura se deve a ocorrência de doenças, destacandose a bacteriose, causada por Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. manihotis (Xam)
The efficiency of indicator groups for the conservation of amphibians in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest
The adequate selection of indicator groups of biodiversity is an important aspect of the systematic conservation planning. However, these assessments differ in the spatial scale, in the methods used and in the groups considered to accomplish this task, which generally produces contradictory results. The quantification of the spatial congruence between species richness and complementarity among different taxonomic groups is a fundamental step to identify potential indicator groups. Using a constructive approach, the main purposes of this study were to evaluate the performance and efficiency of eight potential indicator groups representing amphibian diversity in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. Data on the geographic range of amphibian species that occur in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest was overlapped to the full geographic extent of the biome, which was divided into a regular equal-area grid. Optimization routines based on the concept of complementarily were applied to verify the performance of each indicator group selected in relation to the representativeness of the amphibians in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest as a whole, which were solved by the algorithm"simulated annealing", through the use of the software MARXAN. Some indicator groups were substantially more effective than others in regards to the representation of the taxonomic groups assessed, which was confirmed by the high significance of data (F = 312.76; p < 0.01). Leiuperidae was considered as the best indicator group among the families analyzed, as it showed a good performance, representing 71% of amphibian species in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest (i.e. 290 species), which may be associated with the diffuse geographic distribution of its species. This study promotes understanding of how the diversity standards of amphibians can be informative for systematic conservation planning on a regional scale
Studies of the Giant Dipole Resonance in Al, Ca, Fe, Ni and Pb with high energy-resolution inelastic proton scattering under 0
A survey of the fine structure of the Isovector Giant Dipole Resonance
(IVGDR) was performed, using the recently commissioned zero-degree facility of
the K600 magnetic spectrometer at iThemba LABS. Inelastic proton scattering at
an incident energy of 200 MeV was measured on Al, Ca, Fe,
Ni and Pb. A high energy resolution (
40 keV FWHM) could be achieved after utilising faint-beam and
dispersion-matching techniques. Considerable fine structure is observed in the
energy region of the IVGDR and characteristic energy scales are extracted from
the experimental data by means of a wavelet analysis. The comparison with
Quasiparticle-Phonon Model (QPM) calculations provides insight into the
relevance of different giant resonance decay mechanisms. Photoabsorption cross
sections derived from the data assuming dominance of relativistic Coulomb
excitation are in fair agreement with previous work using real photons.Comment: 15 pages, 15 figure
On the Absorption of X-rays in the Interstellar Medium
We present an improved model for the absorption of X-rays in the ISM intended
for use with data from future X-ray missions with larger effective areas and
increased energy resolution such as Chandra and XMM, in the energy range above
100eV. Compared to previous work, our formalism includes recent updates to the
photoionization cross section and revised abundances of the interstellar
medium, as well as a treatment of interstellar grains and the H2molecule. We
review the theoretical and observational motivations behind these updates and
provide a subroutine for the X-ray spectral analysis program XSPEC that
incorporates our model.Comment: ApJ, in press, for associated software see
http://astro.uni-tuebingen.de/nh
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