Spectrophotometric Determination of Salbutamol Sulphate and Isoxsuprine Hydrochloride in Pharmaceutical Formulations

امكن تطوير طريقة يسيرة وحساسة لتقدير كبريتات السالبيوتامول وايزوكسوبرين هيدروكلوريد بشكلهما النقي وفي مستحضراتهما الصيدلانية, استندت الطريقة على مبدأ اكسدة المركبين الدوائيين بزيادة محسوبة من العامل المؤكسد N- بروموسكسينميد في وسط حامض الهيدروكلوريك وادخال غير المتفاعل من العامل المؤكسد في تفاعل اكسدة صبغة ايفانز الزرقاء المضافة بكمية ثابتة مؤديا الى قصر لونها الازرق وقياس المتبقي من الصبغة عند الطول الموجي 600 نانوميتر, اذ وجد ان امتصاص الصبغه المتبقية يزداد خطيا مع زيادة تركيز المركبين الدوائيين ضمن مدى التراكيز 1-12 و 1-11 مايكروغرام/مللتر بامتصاصية مولارية 4.21×410 و 2.58×410 لتر .مول-1.سم-1 لكل من كبريتات السالبيوتامول وايزوكسوبرين هيدروكلوريد على التوالي. طبقت الطريقة بنجاح على المستحضرات الصيدلانية للمركبين الدوائيين وكانت نتائجها متوافقة مع نتائج طريقة الاضافة القياسية مما يدل على ان الطريقة ذات دقة وصلاحية تطبيق تحليلي جيدة.A simple, sensitive and accurate spectrophotometric method has been developed for the determination of salbutamol sulphate (SAB) and isoxsuprine hydrochloride (ISX) in pure and pharmaceutical dosage. The method involved oxidation of (SAB) and (ISX) with a known excess of N-bromosuccinamid in acidic medium, and subsequent occupation of unreacted oxidant in decolorization of Evans blue dye (EB). This, in the presence of SAB or ISX was rectilinear over the ranges 1.0-12.0, 1.0-11.0 µg/mL, with molar absorptivity 4.21×104 and 2.58×104 l.mol-1.cm-1 respectively. The developed method had been successfully applied for the determination of the studied drugs in their pharmaceutical dosage resulting in a good agreement with certified value and standard addition procedure

Snake mackerel fishery of the Tuticorin coast of Gulf of Mannar with emphasis on population characteristics of the sackfish, Neoepinnula orientalis (Gilchrist & von Bonde 1924)

Snake mackerels form by-catch in deep sea trawls and gillnets with an annual average production of 106 t during 2004 - 2006 in Tuticorin area. Fishery occurred almost round the year with peak during November - March. Fishery and biology of the dominant species, Neoepinnula orientalis was monitored during 2004 - 2005. Peak spawning and recruitment of the species was during December - March period. Growth parameters, L∝ and K are estimated as 31.6 cm and 0.68/year respectively. K value indicates that fish growth is relatively slow. Natural mortality estimate (M) is 1.38, total mortality (Z) 1.59 and fishing mortality (F) 0.21. The exploitation ratio (E) is low being 0.132. These estimates indicate that the stock is at its early stage of exploitation and have large scope for future commercial exploitation. As a preliminary step in this direction, the extent of stock abundance, biomass and distribution of the stock needs to be assessed. Being a slow growing species in cold habitat, considerably long time is required for stock multiplication. These factors have to be taken into consideration while planning for exploitation of snake mackerels in future

Sardines of the Gulf of Mannar ecosystem - fishery and resource characteristics of major species

Fishery, species diversity and resource characteristics of exploited sardine resources of the genera Sardinella were studied during 2000-2008. Sardines were exploited by sardine gillnets, trawls and shore seine. Annual average production for the period was 20,249 t. They formed about one fourth of the total marine fish production (77,443 t) of the region. Fishery was supported by eight species dominated by Sardinella gibbosa, followed by S. sirm, S. albella and S. longiceps. Fishery fluctuated widely with declining trend over the years mainly due to reduction in the fishing effort following destruction of traditional crafts and gears during the Tsunami in 2004. Oilsardine in the fishery registered an increasing trend with wide annual fluctuation during the period. Stock assessment studies show that the exploitation rate of major species ranged between 0.45 and 0.62, against the EMSY value of 0.72 and 0.86. This indicated that sardine resource as a whole is under-exploited, offering considerable scope for enhancing their yield. Despite contributing a higher share to marine fish production, sardines, along with other small pelagics, play a vital ecological role in sustaining the stock and fishery of other predatory groups especially large pelagics by providing them a major share of their forage. They support 46 to 87% of the total food of pelagic predators and 14 to 29% of demersal predators

Breast Cancer in Thi-Qar 2018, it's determinants, histopathological presentation and six years' time trends, A comparative study

Objectives : to assess  the soscio-demographic characteristics,  clinico-pathological presentations, and important determinant of breast cancer patients  counseling breast disease center in Thi-Qar 2018, to study and compare  the yearly time trend of breast cancer in Thi-Qar from 2013-2017. Methods: A cross sectional analytical design was used. all women presented with breast mass at defined age, at the time of study, were included. Results: About  (59.5%)of malignant masses were moderately differentiated and (32%) of them were poorly differentiated (8.5%) were well differentiated at the time of study, Also about half of patients presents at late stages, while only 10% at early stages , in other word. The age was strongly correlated factor and about 57.5% of the malignancies were above 45. Recommendations :  1.Further studies with different design permit longer duration, are required  and preferred to be follow-up type to determine the effect of confound risk factors as age, stress and radiation rather than defined ones, also studies required about response to therapy and follow the complication.  2.Regular programmed screening required to detect the cancer in the earlier stage, and facilitate the availability of screening tools at the health care centers and in  peripheries hospitals of Thi-Qar

Breast Cancer in Thi-Qar 2018, it's determinants, histopathological presentation and six years' time trends, A comparative study

Objectives : to assess  the soscio-demographic characteristics,  clinico-pathological presentations, and important determinant of breast cancer patients  counseling breast disease center in Thi-Qar 2018, to study and compare  the yearly time trend of breast cancer in Thi-Qar from 2013-2017. Methods: A cross sectional analytical design was used. all women presented with breast mass at defined age, at the time of study, were included. Results: About  (59.5%)of malignant masses were moderately differentiated and (32%) of them were poorly differentiated (8.5%) were well differentiated at the time of study, Also about half of patients presents at late stages, while only 10% at early stages , in other word. The age was strongly correlated factor and about 57.5% of the malignancies were above 45. Recommendations :  1.Further studies with different design permit longer duration, are required  and preferred to be follow-up type to determine the effect of confound risk factors as age, stress and radiation rather than defined ones, also studies required about response to therapy and follow the complication.  2.Regular programmed screening required to detect the cancer in the earlier stage, and facilitate the availability of screening tools at the health care centers and in  peripheries hospitals of Thi-Qar

Utilization of High Volume Fraction of Binary Combinations of Supplementary Cementitious Materials in the Production of Reactive Powder Concrete

The reactive powder concrete (RPC) is one of the special concrete types that characteristics with high cement content which means high production cost and CO2 emissions to the atmosphere. Therefore, to enhance the environment as well as to develop green RPC, alternatives to cement, such as supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) were used. Limited studies addressed the use of a high volume fraction of SCMs as a binary combination in the production of RPC. Thus, this study aims to replace a high percentage of cement (50%) with binary combinations of silica fume (SF), type F fly ash (FA) and metakaolin (MK). The experimental program included two phases. In phase one, two groups (SF+FA and MK+FA) were cast without steel fibers. Based on group performance in the first phase, one group was chosen to be used with steel fibers in the second phase. The flow rate, compressive and flexural strengths, density, ultrasonic pulse velocity and dynamic modulus of elasticity tests were conducted. The phase one results showed that SF+FA combination mixtures had better performance than MK+FA mixtures thus they were selected to be used in the second phase (with the addition of 1% volumetric fraction micro steel fibers). Results indicated that it is possible to produce sustainable RPC in which the cement can be replaced with 30% SF and 20% FA (the total replacement is 50%) in the presence of 1% steel fibers with a remarkable enhancement in compressive strength and flexural strength reached up to 44% and 10%, respectively

Using Multiplex PCR Assay for Detection of Genital Mycoplasmasand Ureaplasmaspp in an Infertility Males.

ABSTACTThe result of the multiplex-PCR revealed positive results in 13(15.1%) of the 86 seminal fluid samples from infertile patients which represented M.hominis 5(5.8%), U.urealyticum in 5(5.8%) and U.parvum3(3.5%).Conclusion: in light of the results obtained this study we concludes that the efficiency of multiplex-PCR large and rapid in diagnosis of Ureaplasmaspp and Mycoplasma hominis in seminal fluid.Recommendation : the study of detection of other microorganism (viruses, fungi, Chlamydia and Neisseria gonorrhea) in men infertility.Key words: Multiplex-PCR,Mycoplasma, Ureaplasma,Men, Infertility

Continuous Concrete Beams Reinforced With CFRP Bars.

yesThis paper reports the testing of three continuously and two simply supported concrete beams reinforced with carbon fibre reinforced polymer (CFRP) bars. The amount of CFRP reinforcement in beams tested was the main parameter investigated. A continuous concrete beam reinforced with steel bars was also tested for comparison purposes. The ACI 440.1R-06 equations are validated against the beam test results. Test results show that increasing the CFRP reinforcement ratio of the bottom layer of simply and continuously supported concrete beams is a key factor in enhancing the load capacity and controlling deflection. Continuous concrete beams reinforced with CFRP bars exhibited a remarkable wide crack over the middle support that significantly influenced their behaviour. The load capacity and deflection of CFRP simply supported concrete beams are reasonably predicted using the ACI 440.1R-06 equations. However, the potential capabilities of these equations for predicting the load capacity and deflection of continuous CFRP reinforced concrete beams have been adversely affected by the de-bonding of top CFRP bars from concrete

Fishery, biology and population characteristics of the Indian mackerel, Rastrelliger kanagurta (Cuvier) exploited along the Tuticorin coast

Fishery and population characteristic of mackeral along the Tuticorin coast were studied during 1997-2007. The production of mackeral, exploited mainly by trawls and gillnets varied widely between 411 t and 2,038 t during the period. Fishery occurred round the year with peak abundance in June and August. Spawning as well as recruitment also occurred round the year with peak in January-April. Young ones start entering the fishery at a size of 6 cm in April every year. Growth parameters, Lá and K were estimated as 33.28 cm and 1.634 year-1 respectively. Natural mortality (M) estimated was 2.52. Total mortality (Z) varied between 6.04 and 11.85 and fishing mortality (F) between 3.52 and 9.33. The exploitation ratio (E) was in the range 0.582 - 0.787. The value of E max obtained (0.86) was lower than the exploitation rate throughout the period and MSY estimated (1,346 t) was higher than the average production during the period. Stock varied between 666 and 2,650 t and biomass between 99 and 365 t. The results showed that the fishery was largely based on the stock position and was independent of the effort. Since the species mature at an early age and spawn round the year, present fishing pattern appear to have no adverse impact on recruitment. Currently the resource is exploited near the optimum level and there appears to be no immediate threat for the stock

Study of cosolvent-induced α-chymotrypsin fibrillogenesis: Does protein surface hydrophobicity trigger early stages of aggregation reaction?

The misfolding of specific proteins is often associated with their assembly into fibrillar aggregates, commonly termed amyloid fibrils. Despite the many efforts expended to characterize amyloid formation in vitro, there is no deep knowledge about the environment (in which aggregation occurs) as well as mechanism of this type of protein aggregation. Alpha-chymotrypsin was recently driven toward amyloid aggregation by the addition of intermediate concentrations of trifluoroethanol. In the present study, approaches such as turbidimetric, thermodynamic, intrinsic fluorescence and quenching studies as well as chemical modification have been successfully used to elucidate the underlying role of hydrophobic interactions (involved in early stages of amyloid formation) in α-chymotrypsin-based experimental system. © 2009 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC