Non-catalytic bromination of benzene: a combined computational and experimental study

The non-catalytic bromination of benzene is shown experimentally to require high 5-14M concentrations of bromine in order to proceed at ambient temperatures to form predominantly bromobenzene, along with detectable (The non-catalytic bromination of benzene is shown experimentally to require high 5-14M concentrations of bromine in order to proceed at ambient temperatures to form predominantly bromobenzene, along with detectable (The non-catalytic bromination of benzene is shown experimentally to require high 5-14M concentrations of bromine in order to proceed at ambient temperatures to form predominantly bromobenzene, along with detectable

Tradisi Upacara Kematian Pada Masyarakat Nahdhiyyin Dalam Tinjauan Agama Dan Adat

Setelah Nabi Muhammad saw wafat (570-632 M)1 dan Islam mulai melakukan kontak dengan dunia luar, ajaran Islam kemudian ditafsirkan oleh pemeluknya secara herbeda akibat perbedaan kehidupan sosialnya. Penafsiran yang berbeda itu melahirkan keragaman pemahaman di bidang Syariah dan Akidah, terutama terkait dengan persoalan yang belum pernah muncul pada masa Nabi Muhammad saw, di antaranya tentang praktik keagamaan yang disebut dengan istilah Islam populer. Perdebatan ulama dalam menyikapi praktik keagamaan populer kemudian menjadi salah salu tema dalam studi Islam. Di antara praktik keagamaan populer dalam masyarakat Islam yang menjadi perhatian ulama tentang upacara siklus kehidupan dan jiarah makam tokoh yang diyakini sebagai wali Allah untuk mendapatkan berkah. Banyak praktek keagamaan popular dalam masyarakat Islam yang telah dilakukan dalam praktek keagamaan popular itu cukup beragam, antara lain adalah sebagai berikut; Islam lokal lawan dari Islam universal, Islam praktis lawan dari Islam tekstual, Islam rakyat lawan dari Islam ulama, Islam simbolik lawan dari Islam normatif, Islam popular lawan dari Islam ofisial, tradisi kecil lawan dari tradisi besar, Islam nyata lawan dari Islam normatif. Oleh karena itu dalam tulisan ini akan mengupas dari salah satu keragaman tradisi kematian yang ada di Indonesia khususnya yang dilakukan oleh warga Nahdiyin

Intermittent energy dissipation by turbulent reconnection

Magnetic reconnection—the process responsible for many explosive phenomena in both nature and laboratory—is efficient at dissipating magnetic energy into particle energy. To date, exactly how this dissipation happens remains unclear, owing to the scarcity of multipoint measurements of the “diffusion region” at the sub-ion scale. Here we report such a measurement by Cluster—four spacecraft with separation of 1/5 ion scale. We discover numerous current filaments and magnetic nulls inside the diffusion region of magnetic reconnection, with the strongest currents appearing at spiral nulls (O-lines) and the separatrices. Inside each current filament, kinetic-scale turbulence is significantly increased and the energy dissipation, E′ ⋅ j, is 100 times larger than the typical value. At the jet reversal point, where radial nulls (X-lines) are detected, the current, turbulence, and energy dissipations are surprisingly small. All these features clearly demonstrate that energy dissipation in magnetic reconnection occurs at O-lines but not X-lines

The isotropic correlation function of plane figures: the triangle case

The knowledge of the isotropic correlation function of a plane figure is useful to determine the correlation function of the cylinders having the plane figure as right-section and a given height as well as to analyze the out of plane intensity collected in grazing incidence small-angle scattering from a film formed by a particulate collection of these cylinders. The correlation function of plane polygons can always be determined in closed algebraic form. Here we report its analytic expression for the case of a triangle. The expressions take four different forms that depend on the relative order among the sides and the heights of the triangle.Comment: 11 pages, 2 figure

Kontribusi Hukum Islam terhadap Pembangunan Hukum Nasional

The establishment of national law should consider the law awareness in the community or refer to the existed law in Islam law that stands as the existed law in the community possesses a strategic position in the national law establishment. The role of Islam law in the forming or establishing of national law could be viewed from two sides, which are firstly, it is viewed from Islam law that is one of the source of national law establishing; and secondly, it is viewed from the side of the use of Islam law as positive law that is specifically applied in certain field. Islam law has provided a great contribution, at least upon the side of the spirit or the soul toward establishment of national law. Spreading Islam law ideologi and istinbath ahkam upon the national law establishment takes the strategic place, compared with the demand of the applying of Islam law that is formalistic

Risk factors and outcomes of ectopic pregnancies at Aminu Kano teaching hospital, Kano, Nigeria

Objectives: To determine the incidence, risk factors, clinical presentation, morbidity and mortality of ectopic pregnancies at Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital.Methods: It is a retrospective study of patients with ectopic pregnancies treated at Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital (AKTH), Nigeria, from 1st January, 2005 to 31st December, 2009. The record folders were retrieved from the record department of the hospital and analyzed using Epi Info Electronic statistical software. Data on socio-demographic characteristic, clinical features, postoperative outcomes and duration of hospital stay were extracted.Results: One hundred and ninety seven patients were admitted with ectopic pregnancy during the period under review. Their case notes were retrieved giving a retrieval rate of 91.14%. The mean age was 26.72 ± 5.20, the mean parity was 2.03 ±2.33. The major risk factors were past history of induced abortion (26.70%), and sexually transmitted infections (18.30%). Abdominal pains (93.30%), amenorrhoea (60.00%), vaginal bleeding (58.30%), abdominal tenderness (83.30%) and cervical motion tenderness (90.00%) were the major clinical features. The ampulla was involved in 58.33% of cases and salpingectomy was the surgical option in 95.56%. Shock (3.33%) and anaemia (3.33%) were the major complications.Conclusions: The incidence of ectopic pregnancy at Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital is 1.29%. The most important association is with pelvic infection. Therefore, efforts have to be emphasized on prevention, early and vigorous treatment of pelvic and sexually transmitted infections.Key Words: Ectopic pregnancy, Risk factors, Outcomes, Nigeria

Embracing complexity in biomaterials design

Animate materials, man-made materials behaving like living systems, are attracting enormous interest across a range of sectors, from construction and transport industry to medicine. In this leading opinion article, we propose that embracing complexity in biomaterials design offers untapped opportunities to create biomaterials with innovative life-like properties that extend their capabilities and unleash new paradigms in medical treatmen

A Violência no Local de Trabalho em Instituições de Saúde: Um Estudo Monocêntrico sobre Causas, Consequências e Estratégias de Prevenção

Introduction: Workplace violence is one of the main risk factors in the professional world. Healthcare workers are at higher risk when compared to other sectors. Our study aimed to characterize physical and verbal violence in a public hospital and to define occupational health prevention and surveillance strategies. Material and Methods: Single center observational cross-sectional study, carried amongst healthcare workers in a public hospital in Lisbon. A qualitative survey was carried out through six in-depth interviews. A quantitative survey was carried through questionnaires delivered to 32 workers. A significance level of 5% was accepted in the assessment of statistical differences. The Mann-Whitney test and the Fisher’s exact test were used to calculate p values. Results: The main results are: (1) 41 violence incidents were reported in the quantitative phase; (2) 5/21 [23.81%] victims notified the incident to the occupational health department; (3) 18/21 [85.71%] victims reported a permanent state of hypervigilance; (4) 22/28 [78.57%] participants self-reported poor or no familiarity with internal reporting procedures; (5) 24/28 [85.71%] participants believed it is possible to minimize workplace violence. Discussion: Workplace violence is favored by unrestricted access to working areas, absence of security guards and police officers or scarce intervention. The low notification rate contributes to organizational lack of action. The state of hypervigilance reported in our study reflects the negative effects of threatening occupational stressors on mental health. Conclusion: Our results show that workplace violence is a relevant risk factor that significantly impacts workers’ health in a noxious manner, deserving a tailored occupational health approach whose priority areas and strategies have been determined.Introdução: A violência no local de trabalho é um dos principais fatores de risco no mundo do trabalho. Os trabalhadores da saúde apresentam um risco superior. O nosso estudo teve como objetivo caracterizar a violência física e verbal num hospital público e definir estratégias de prevenção e vigilância em saúde ocupacional. Material e Métodos: Estudo observacional transversal monocêntrico, conduzido num hospital público em Lisboa com trabalhadores da saúde. Foi realizado um inquérito qualitativo com entrevistas em profundidade a seis trabalhadores e um inquérito quantitativo com questionários a 32 trabalhadores. Aceitou-se um nível de significância de 5% na avaliação das diferenças estatísticas. O teste de Mann-Whitney e o teste exato de Fisher foram usados para calcular os valores de p. Resultados: Os principais resultados são: (1) 41 episódios reportados na fase quantitativa; (2) 5/21 [23,81%] vítimas notificaram o incidente; (3) 18/21 [85.71%] vítimas reportaram estados de hipervigilância permanente; (4) 22/28 [78,57%] participantes não conheciam ou conheciam mal os procedimentos de notificação; (5) 24/28 [85,71%] consideravam possível minimizar o problema. Discussão: A violência é favorecida pelo acesso livre às zonas de trabalho, ausência de agentes de segurança e polícia ou falta da respetiva intervenção. A baixa notificação contribui para a ausência de medidas organizacionais. O estado de hipervigilância relatado reflete o efeito prejudicial da exposição a fontes de stress e ameaça. Conclusão: A violência no local de trabalho é um fator de risco relevante, com impacto negativo na saúde dos trabalhadores e merece uma abordagem individualizada no âmbito da saúde ocupacional, cujas áreas e estratégias prioritárias foram definidas neste estudo. Palavras-chave: Fatores de Risco Profissionais; Prevenção; Saúde Ocupacional; Trabalhadores da Saúde; Violência no Local de trabalho.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Left hepatic trisegmentectomy

Left hepatic trisegmentectomy was successfully performed upon four patients in whom the true left lobe of the liver and all, or part, of the anterior segment of the right lobe of the liver were removed in continuity. Three of the patients had carcinoma of the liver, and the fourth patient had a hemangioma and arteriovenous malformation. This procedure, which has not been described before, should allow subtotal hepatic resection to be performed upon some patients who have lesions that have been classified as inoperable, in the past