Alat Penggulung Lilitan Transformator secara Otomatis Menggunakan Remote Control

Proses penggulungan kawat tembaga yang selama ini dilakukan adalah manual dengan tangan memutarkan poros lilitan guna menggulungnya. Model alat penggulung lilitan transformator secara otomatis ini menggunakan remote control dengan input data dari remote control untuk menjalankannya. Data yang dikirim dan diterima secara wireless dengan pemancar dan penerima ASK (Amplitude Shift Keying). Proses penggulungan kawat dilakukan oleh motor seketika data telah diterima oleh penerima ASK dan telah diolah terlebih dahulu oleh mikrokontroler. Laporan selesai penggulungan (menyalanya indikator LED) atau kawat putus (berbunyinya indikator buzzer) diberikan pada remote control yang kemudian tersimpan dalam memori EEPROM. (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory). Laporan data tersebut dapat dilihat sewaktu-waktu dan dapat dihapus jika tidak diinginkan lagi. Desain ini membantu proses penggulungan kawat menjadi lebih mudah dan lebih cepat. Desain ini juga lebih aman bagi operator karena tidak perlu berada dekat dengan gulungan kawat tersebut. Komunikasi dua arah antara remote control dan alat penggulung dapat berjalan dengan baik sejauh 15 meter

Angka Kematian Pasien Kraniotomi Di Icu Dan Hcu Rsup Dr. Kariadi Periode Februari 2010 – Februari 2012

Latar belakang : RSUP Dr. Kariadi selayaknya dapat memberikan pelayanan intensif dan tingkat tinggi sesuai dengan standar. Kraniotomi merupakan suatu tindakan bedah dengan cara membuka kranium yang memiliki risiko kematianberdasarkan berbagai macam faktor yang mempengaruhi. Umumnya, pasien paska operasi akan dirawat di ICU atau HCU.Tujuan : Untuk mendapatkan data mengenai angka pasien kraniotomi dirawat di HCU dan ICU RSUP Dr. Kariadi Semarang periode Februari 2010 – Februari 2012 dan mendeskripsikan distribusi hal-hal yang diperkirakan berpengaruhterhadap angka kematian pasien-pasien tersebut.Metode penelitian : Data kematian dikumpulkan dan diobservasi sebagai bagian dari studi deskriptif pada pasien paska kraniotomi. Sumber data lain termasuk diagnosis, kelompok umur, jenis kelamin, Glasgow Coma Scale, penyebabkematian, dan skor APACHE II dengan menggunakan data sekunder dari rekam medis pada bagian HCU dan ICU RSUP Dr Kariadi Semarang pada periode Februari 2010 – Februari 2012.Hasil : Selama periode dua tahun, 103 pasien tercatat telah menjalani tindakan kraniotomi yang kemudian dirawat di ICU atau HCU. Dari jumlah tersebut, terdapat 51 pasien meninggal dunia dan 52 pasien hidup. Terdapat dua penyebabkematian utama pada pasien-pasien kraniotomi ini; syok sepsis (33%) dan gagal nafas (23,5%). Dari penelitian juga ditemukan bahwa pasien dengan skor Glasgow Coma Scale dibawah 8 memiliki angka kematian tertinggi (33%).Berdasarkan diagnosis penyakit, pengangkatan neoplasma merupakan angka indikasi kraniotomi tertinggi (36,9%). Dan pada skor APACHE II, rentang skor terbanyak terdapat pada 10-14, sejumlah 29 pasien (28,2%).Kesimpulan : Sepengetahuan kami, ini merupakan penelitian pertama yang mendeskripsikan angka kematian pasien kraniotomi yang dirawat di ICU dan HCU di Indonesia. Penelitian lebih jauh masih dibutuhkan untuk menyelidikipenyebab utama kematian diantara pasien ini, dalam kasus ini adalah sepsis

Pressure Tuning of the Charge Density Wave in the Halogen-Bridged Transition-Metal (MX) Solid Pt2Br6(NH3)4Pt_2Br_6(NH_3)_4

We report the pressure dependence up to 95 kbar of Raman active stretching modes in the quasi-one-dimensional MX chain solid $Pt_2Br_6(NH_3)_4$. The data indicate that a predicted pressure-induced insulator-to-metal transition does not occur, but are consistent with the solid undergoing either a three-dimensional structural distortion, or a transition from a charge-density wave to another broken-symmetry ground state. We show that such a transition cacan be well-modeled within a Peierls-Hubbard Hamiltonian. 1993 PACS: 71.30.+h, 71.45.Lr, 75.30.Fv, 78.30.-j, 81.40.VwComment: 4 pages, ReVTeX 3.0, figures available from the authors on request (Gary Kanner, [email protected]), to be published in Phys Rev B Rapid Commun, REVISION: minor typos corrected, LA-UR-94-246

Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory and Cytotoxicity of Phaleria macrocarpa (Boerl.) Scheff Fruit

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p><it>Phaleria macrocarpa </it>(Scheff.) Boerl (Thymelaceae) originates from Papua Island, Indonesia and grows in tropical areas. The different parts of the fruit of <it>P. macrocarpa </it>were evaluated for antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and cytotoxic activities.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p><it>Phaleria macrocarpa </it>fruit were divided into pericarp, mesocarp and seed. All parts of the fruit were reflux extracted with methanol. The antioxidant activity of the extracts were characterized in various <it>in vitro </it>model systems such as FTC, TBA, DPPH radical, reducing power and NO radical. Anti-inflammatory assays were done by using NO production by macrophage RAW 264.7 cell lines induced by LPS/IFN-γ and cytotoxic activities were determined by using several cancer cell lines and one normal cell line</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The results showed that different parts (pericarp, mesocarp, and seed) of <it>Phaleria macrocarpa </it>fruit contain various amount of total phenolic (59.2 ± 0.04, 60.5 ± 0.17, 47.7 ± 1.04 mg gallic acid equivalent/g DW) and flavonoid compounds (161.3 ± 1.58, 131.7 ± 1.66, 35.9 ± 2.47 mg rutin equivalent/g DW). Pericarp and mesocarp showed high antioxidant activities by using DPPH (71.97%, 62.41%), ferric reducing antioxidant power (92.35%, 78.78%) and NO scavenging activity (65.68%, 53.45%). Ferric thiocyanate and thiobarbituric acid tests showed appreciable antioxidant activity in the percentage hydroperoxides inhibitory activity from pericarp and mesocarp in the last day of the assay. Similarly, the pericarp and mesocarp inhibited inducible nitric oxide synthesis with values of 63.4 ± 1.4% and 69.5 ± 1.4% in macrophage RAW 264.7 cell lines induced by LPS/IFN-γ indicating their notable anti-inflammatory potential. Cytotoxic activities against HT-29, MCF-7, HeLa and Chang cell lines were observed in all parts.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>These results indicated the possible application of <it>P. macrocarpa </it>fruit as a source of bioactive compounds, potent as an antioxidant, anti inflammatory and cytotoxic agents.</p

Symbolic Dynamic Analysis of Relations Between Cardiac and Breathing Cycles in Patients on Weaning Trials

Traditional time-domain techniques of data analysis are often not sufficient to characterize the complex dynamics of the cardiorespiratory interdependencies during the weaning trials. In this paper, the interactions between the heart rate (HR) and the breathing rate (BR) were studied using joint symbolic dynamic analysis. A total of 133 patients on weaning trials from mechanical ventilation were analyzed: 94 patients with successful weaning (group S) and 39 patients that failed to maintain spontaneous breathing (group F). The word distribution matrix enabled a coarse-grained quantitative assessment of short-term nonlinear analysis of the cardiorespiratory interactions. The histogram of the occurrence probability of the cardiorespiratory words presented a higher homogeneity in group F than in group S, measured with a higher number of forbidden words in group S as well as a higher number of words whose probability of occurrence is higher than a probability threshold in group S. The discriminant analysis revealed the best results when applying symbolic dynamic variables. Therefore, we hypothesize that joint symbolic dynamic analysis provides enhanced information about different interactions between HR and BR, when comparing patients with successful weaning and patients that failed to maintain spontaneous breathing in the weaning procedure

A molecular and antigenic survey of H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza virus isolates from smallholder duck farms in Central Java, Indonesia during 2007-2008

Background: Indonesia is one of the countries most severely affected by H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) virus in terms of poultry and human health. However, there is little information on the diversity of H5N1 viruses circulating in backyard farms, where chickens and ducks often intermingle. In this study, H5N1 virus infection occurring in 96 smallholder duck farms in central Java, Indonesia from 2007-2008 was investigated and the molecular and antigenic characteristics of H5N1 viruses isolated from these farms were analysed

Outcomes of obstructed abdominal wall hernia: results from the UK national small bowel obstruction audit

Background: Abdominal wall hernia is a common surgical condition. Patients may present in an emergency with bowel obstruction, incarceration or strangulation. Small bowel obstruction (SBO) is a serious surgical condition associated with significant morbidity. The aim of this study was to describe current management and outcomes of patients with obstructed hernia in the UK as identified in the National Audit of Small Bowel Obstruction (NASBO). Methods: NASBO collated data on adults treated for SBO at 131 UK hospitals between January and March 2017. Those with obstruction due to abdominal wall hernia were included in this study. Demographics, co-morbidity, imaging, operative treatment, and in-hospital outcomes were recorded. Modelling for factors associated with mortality and complications was undertaken using Cox proportional hazards and multivariable regression modelling. Results: NASBO included 2341 patients, of whom 415 (17·7 per cent) had SBO due to hernia. Surgery was performed in 312 (75·2 per cent) of the 415 patients; small bowel resection was required in 198 (63·5 per cent) of these operations. Non-operative management was reported in 35 (54 per cent) of 65 patients with a parastomal hernia and in 34 (32·1 per cent) of 106 patients with an incisional hernia. The in-hospital mortality rate was 9·4 per cent (39 of 415), and was highest in patients with a groin hernia (11·1 per cent, 17 of 153). Complications were common, including lower respiratory tract infection in 16·3 per cent of patients with a groin hernia. Increased age was associated with an increased risk of death (hazard ratio 1·05, 95 per cent c.i. 1·01 to 1·10; P = 0·009) and complications (odds ratio 1·05, 95 per cent c.i. 1·02 to 1·09; P = 0·001). Conclusion: NASBO has highlighted poor outcomes for patients with SBO due to hernia, highlighting the need for quality improvement initiatives in this group

A922 Sequential measurement of 1 hour creatinine clearance (1-CRCL) in critically ill patients at risk of acute kidney injury (AKI)

Meeting abstrac

National prospective cohort study of the burden of acute small bowel obstruction

Background Small bowel obstruction is a common surgical emergency, and is associated with high levels of morbidity and mortality across the world. The literature provides little information on the conservatively managed group. The aim of this study was to describe the burden of small bowel obstruction in the UK. Methods This prospective cohort study was conducted in 131 acute hospitals in the UK between January and April 2017, delivered by trainee research collaboratives. Adult patients with a diagnosis of mechanical small bowel obstruction were included. The primary outcome was in‐hospital mortality. Secondary outcomes included complications, unplanned intensive care admission and readmission within 30 days of discharge. Practice measures, including use of radiological investigations, water soluble contrast, operative and nutritional interventions, were collected. Results Of 2341 patients identified, 693 (29·6 per cent) underwent immediate surgery (within 24 h of admission), 500 (21·4 per cent) had delayed surgery after initial conservative management, and 1148 (49·0 per cent) were managed non‐operatively. The mortality rate was 6·6 per cent (6·4 per cent for non‐operative management, 6·8 per cent for immediate surgery, 6·8 per cent for delayed surgery; P = 0·911). The major complication rate was 14·4 per cent overall, affecting 19·0 per cent in the immediate surgery, 23·6 per cent in the delayed surgery and 7·7 per cent in the non‐operative management groups (P < 0·001). Cox regression found hernia or malignant aetiology and malnutrition to be associated with higher rates of death. Malignant aetiology, operative intervention, acute kidney injury and malnutrition were associated with increased risk of major complication. Conclusion Small bowel obstruction represents a significant healthcare burden. Patient‐level factors such as timing of surgery, acute kidney injury and nutritional status are factors that might be modified to improve outcomes