DyPS: Dynamic Processor Switching for Energy-Aware Video Decoding on Multi-core SoCs

In addition to General Purpose Processors (GPP), Multicore SoCs equipping modern mobile devices contain specialized Digital Signal Processor designed with the aim to provide better performance and low energy consumption properties. However, the experimental measurements we have achieved revealed that system overhead, in case of DSP video decoding, causes drastic performances drop and energy efficiency as compared to the GPP decoding. This paper describes DyPS, a new approach for energy-aware processor switching (GPP or DSP) according to the video quality . We show the pertinence of our solution in the context of adaptive video decoding and describe an implementation on an embedded Linux operating system with the help of the GStreamer framework. A simple case study showed that DyPS achieves 30% energy saving while sustaining the decoding performanc

Elicitation protocol and material for a corpus of long prepared monologues in Sign Language

International audienceIn this paper, we address collection of prepared Sign Language discourse, as opposed to spontaneous signing. Specifically, we aim at collecting long discourse, which creates problems explained in the paper. Being oral and visual languages, they cannot easily be produced while reading notes without distorting the data, and eliciting long discourse without influencing the production order is not trivial. For the moment, corpora contain either short productions, data distortion or disfluencies. We propose a protocol and two tasks with their elicitation material to allow cleaner long-discourse data, and evaluate the result of a recent test with LSF informants

Juxtaposition as a form feature; syntax captured and explained rather than assumed and modelled

International audienceIn this article, we report on a study conducted to further the design a formal grammar model (AZee), confronting it to the traditional notion of syntax along the way. The model was initiated to work as an unambiguous linguistic input for signing avatars, accounting for all simultaneous articulators while doing away with the generally assumed and separate levels of lexicon, syntax, etc. Specifically, the work presented here focused on juxtaposition in signed streams (a fundamental feature of syntax), which we propose to consider as a mere form feature, and use it as the starting point of data-driven searches for grammatical rules. The result is a tremendous progress in coverage of LSF grammar, and fairly strong evidence that our initial goal is attainable. We give concrete examples of rules, and a clear illustration of the recursive mechanics of the grammar producing LSF forms, and conclude with theoretical remarks on the AZee paradigm in terms of syntax, word/sign order and the like

Diabetic renal disease

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is an important long-term complication of diabetes. DN is now the most common cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in many countries [1]. Both the increasing prevalence of type 2 DMand increased acceptance of diabetic patients into renal replacement therapy (RRT) programmes have contributed to this. Indeed, there has been a marked increase in the incidence of renal replacement therapy (RRT) for type 2 DM over time [1]. DN is also a major burden on health care budgets [2] and is associated with a reduction in health-related quality of life [3, 4].Moreover, DN is associated with increased cardiovascular mortality in both type 1 and type 2 diabetic patients [5, 6].peer-reviewe

A rule triggering system for automatic text-to-sign translation

International audienceThe topic of this paper is machine translation (MT) from French text to French Sign Language (LSF). After arguing in favour of a rule-based method, it presents the architecture of an original MT system, built on two distinct efforts: formalising LSF production rules and triggering them with text processing. The former is made without any concern for text or translation and involves corpus analysis to link LSF form features to linguistic functions. It produces a set of production rules which may constitute a full LSF production grammar. The latter is an information extraction task from text, broken down in as many subtasks as there are rules in the grammar. After discussing this architecture, comparing it to the traditional methods and presenting the methodology for each task, the paper present the set of production rules found to govern event precedence and duration in LSF, and gives a progress report on the implementation of the rule triggering system. With this proposal, it is also hoped to show how MT can benefit today from Sign Language processing

Modeling French Sign Language: a proposal for a semantically compositional system

International audienceThe recognition of French Sign Language (LSF) as a natural language in 2005 created an important need for the development of tools to make information accessible to the deaf public. With this prospect, the goal of this article is to propose a linguistic approach aimed at modeling the French sign language. We first present the models proposed in computer science to formalize the sign language (SL). We also show the difficulty of applying the grammars originally designed for spoken languages to model SL. In a second step, we propose an approach allowing to take into account the linguistic properties of the SL while respecting the constraints of a modelisation process. By studying the links between semantic functions and their observed forms in Corpus, we have identified several production rules that govern the functioning of the LSF. We finally present the rule functioning as a system capable of modeling an entire utterance in French sign language

Non-manual features: the right to indifference

International audienceThis paper discusses the way Sign Language can be described with a global account of the visual channel, not separating manual articulators in any way. In a first section section it shows that non-manuals are often either ignored in favour of manual focus, or included but given roles that are mostly different from the mainly hand-assigned lexical role. A second section describes the AZee model as a tool to describe Sign Language productions without assuming any separation, neither between articulators nor between grammatical roles. We conclude by giving a full AZee description for one of the several examples populating the paper