Study of Eclipsing Binary and Multiple Systems in OB Associations II. The Cygnus OB Region: V443 Cyg, V456 Cyg and V2107 Cyg

Three presumably young eclipsing binary systems in the direction of the Cygnus OB1, OB3 and OB9 associations are studied. Component spectra are reconstructed and their orbits are determined using light curves and spectra disentangling techniques. V443 Cyg and V456 Cyg have circular orbits, while the light curve of V2107\,Cyg imposes a slightly eccentric orbit ($e=0.045\pm0.03)$. V443 Cyg harbours F-type stars, and not young early-A stars as previously suggested in the literature based on photometry solely. It appears to be situated in the foreground (distance $0.6\pm0.2$ kpc) of the young stellar populations in Cygnus. V456 Cyg, at a distance of $0.50\pm0.03$ kpc consists of a slightly metal-weak A--type and an early--F star. The age of both systems, on or very near to the main sequence, remains uncertain by an order of magnitude. V2107 Cyg is a more massive system ($8.9\pm2$ and $4.5\pm1.2 M_\odot$) at $1.5\pm0.5$ kpc and, also kinematically, a strong candidate-member of Cyg OB1. The more massive component is slightly evolved and appears to undergo non-radial $\beta Cep$-type pulsations. The Doppler signal of the secondary is barely detectable. A more extensive study is important to fix masses more precisely, and an asteroseismological study would then become appropriate. Nevertheless, the position of the primary in the HR-diagram confines the age already reasonably well to $20\pm5$ Myr, indicating for Cyg OB1 a similar extent of star formation history as established for Cyg OB2.Comment: 27 pages, including 9 figures and 6 tables, accepted for publication in Astronomical Journa

Synthesis, characterization and prediction of anticancer potentiality of some novel green nanoparticles by molecular docking and ADMET techniques

ABSTRACT. Anticancer potentiality of some newly synthesized Nano-Biginelli compounds with the help of enzyme extracted naturally from plants is reported. The biological synthesis of nanoparticles via nano biotechnology processes have a significant potential to enhance the production without the use of harsh, toxic, and expensive chemicals commonly used in conventional physical and chemical processes. The compounds have been characterized on the basis of UV, FTIR, XRD and SEM studies in order to depict the formation of nanoparticles. Using the combination of docking and ADMET techniques, we have tried to predict the anti-cancer potentiality as well as its area of target, i.e. cancer cell to trigger the anti-cancer reaction. Results indicate that the compound 1 (ethyl-6-methyl-2-oxo-4-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidin-5-carboxylate) has possible virtual leads to design novel human Aurora B kinase inhibitor.               KEY WORDS: Nano biotechnology, Green chemistry, Enzymes, Drug research Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2019, 33(3), 493-504.DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v33i3.1

The structures of eleven (4-phenyl)piperazinium salts containing organic anions

Eleven (4-phen­yl)piperazinium salts containing organic anions have been prepared and structurally characterized, namely, 4-phenyl­piperazin-1-ium 4-fluoro­benzoate monohydrate, C10H15N2+·C7H4FO2−·H2O, 1; 4-phenyl­piperazin-1-ium 4-bromo­benzoate monohydrate, C10H15N2+·C7H4BrO2−·H2O, 3; 4-phenyl­piperazin-1-ium 4-iodo­benzoate, C10H15N2+·C7H4IO2−, 4; 4-phenyl­piperazin-1-ium 4-nitro­benzoate, C10H15N2+·C7H4NO4−, 5; 4-phenyl­piperazin-1-ium 3,5-di­nitro­salicylate, C10H15N2+·C7H3N2O7−, 6; 4-phenyl­piperazin-1-ium 3,5-di­nitro­benzoate, C10H15N2+·C7H3N2O6−, 7; 4-phenyl­piperazin-1-ium picrate, C10H15N2+·C6H2N3O7−, 8; 4-phenyl­piperazin-1-ium benzoate monohydrate, C10H15N2+·C7H5O2−·H2O, 9; 4-phenyl­piperazin-1-ium p-toluene­sulfonate, C10H15N2+·C7H7O3S−, 10; 4-phenyl­piperazin-1-ium tartarate monohydrate, C10H15N2+·C4H5O6−·H2O, 11; and 4-phenyl­piperazin-1-ium fumarate, C10H15N2+·C4H3O4−, 12. Compounds 1 and 3–12 are all 1:1 salts with the acid proton transferred to the phenyl­piperaizine basic N atom (the secondary amine) with the exception of 3 where there is disorder in the proton position with it being 68% attached to the base and 32% attached to the acid. Of the structures with similar stoichiometries only 3 and 9 are isomorphous. The 4-phenyl substituent in all cases occupies an equatorial position except for 12 where it is in an axial position. The crystal chosen for structure 7 was refined as a non-merohedral twin. There is disorder in 5, 6, 10 and 11. For both 5 and 6, a nitro group is disordered and was modeled with two equivalent orientations with occupancies of 0.62 (3)/0.38 (3) and 0.690 (11)/0.310 (11), respectively. For 6, 10 and 11, this disorder is associated with the phenyl ring of the phenyl­piperazinium cation with occupancies of 0.687 (10)/0.313 (10), 0.51 (7)/0.49 (7) and 0.611 (13)/389 (13), respectively. For all salts, the packing is dominated by the N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds formed by the cation and anion. In addition, several structures contain C—H⋯π (1, 3, 4, 8, 9, 10, and 12) and aromatic π–π stacking inter­actions (6 and 8) and one structure (5) contains a –NO2⋯π inter­action. For all structures, the Hirshfeld surface fingerprint plots show the expected prominent spikes as a result of the N—H⋯O and O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds

ROLE OF PANCHAKARMA IN MYASTHENIA GRAVIS - A CASE STUDY

Myasthenia Gravis (MG) is a long-term neuromuscular disease that leads to varying degrees of skeletal muscle weakness. The underlying defect is a decrease in the number of available acetylcholine receptors (AChRs) at neuromuscular junctions due to an antibody mediated autoimmune attack. The most commonly affected muscles are those of the eyes, face and swallowing. The cause of this disease can be understood in view of Upahata Dhatu Ushma, Srotas and Marutha respectively. The present observation was conducted with an objective to find out the efficacy of Ayurvedic management in Myasthenia gravis. Here is a case of 50years old Hindu female who was diagnosed as myasthenia gravis (MG) reported with complaining of slurred speech, low pitch of voice, difficulty to open the mouth and to swallow food and weakness in the both upper limbs since 4months was registered in OPD of SKAMCH&RC, Bengaluru. Considering the signs and symptoms patient was treated on the line of Ardita Vata chikitsa, Sarvanga Abhyanga with Moorchita tila taila, Nasya with Yashtimadhu taila, Gandusha with Erimedadi taila, Jihwa nirlekhana with Vacha churna were done. Treatment shows significant improvement in the symptoms without any side effects

Effect of glycemic status on peripheral nerve conduction in lower limbs in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the most common chronic diseases globally. Diabetic neuropathy is the most common & troublesome complication. But exact pathogenesis is not yet known. Comparatively there are few studies showing relation between glycemic status & diabetic neuropathy. Hence present study was conducted, which was aimed to assess the same in lower limbs in type 2 DM.  Methods: 60 type 2 diabetes mellitus male patients were selected from diabetic OPD. 30 were having glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) 6%-9% (group B), 30 were having HbA1c > 9% (group C). They were compared with age and sex matched 30 normal healthy controls (group A). Conduction velocity and amplitude of bilateral sural sensory nerve action potential (SNAP) and peroneal compound muscle action potential (CMAP) were recorded. Glycated hemoglobin was measured using ion exchange resin method. Results: Group B and group C had significantly lesser means of conduction velocity and amplitude of sural SNAP (p<0.001) and peroneal CMAP (p<0.05) as compared to group A. Hb A1c had statistically significant negative correlation with conduction velocity and amplitude of sural SNAP (p<0.001) as well as peroneal CMAP (p<0.001). Conclusions: This study shows that diabetic patients with higher blood glucose levels are at increased risk of diabetic neuropathy. Diabetic neuropathy in lower limbs worsens with increasing blood glucose levels. Hence stringent action has to be taken at an early stage to control blood glucose levels. Also, patients should be encouraged for regular follow up and strict glycemic control.

Effect of water regimes on seed quality parameters of rice (Oryza sativa L.) grown under aerobic and wetland conditions

A field experiment was conducted to know the effect of water regimes on seed quality parameters of rice and the was conducted by using factorial randomized complete block design, with two genotypes (BI-33 and Jaya) and two planting methods (Aerobic and Wetland). The resultants seeds were taken to conduct laboratory experiments pertaining to seed quality attributes and the studies revealed that the BI-33 under aerobic condition had shown a significantly higher seed quality with respect to germination (99%), mean seedling length (26.75cm), seedling dry weight (10.42 mg), SVI-I (2648) and SVI-II (1032) , highest total dehydrogenase activity (0.53 OD @ 480nm), highest amylase activity (14.67 %), highest total soluble protein content (7.15%) and recorded less EC (70.95 ?Sm-1/ppm). The experimental results revealed that both the genotypes and method of planting contribute for seed quality of the genotypes which were grown under different water regimes. The genotype grown under aerobic condition was better in seed quality parameters compared to wetland condition

Comparison of pocket pulse oximeter and standard pulse oximeter with ABG analysis in critically ill patients

Background: Pulse oximetry (SpO2) is a standard monitoring device in patients presenting to EMDs and intensive care units (ICUs). Pocket pulse oximeters (PPOs) are used widely in wards, EMDs, and small hospitals/clinics. These inexpensive PPOs also guide therapeutic interventions. Few studies have evaluated the accuracy of SpO2 in patients presenting to critical care areas vis-à-vis devices like PPO and standard pulse oximeter (SPO). This study becomes extremely relevant in view of the ongoing crisis of the COVID-19 pandemic wherein SpO2 monitoring is very important in hospitals, quarantine centers, small clinics, or even at home.Methods: Patients presenting to critical areas who underwent arterial blood gases (ABG) analysis on the recommendation of the treating physician between November 2016 and October 2018 were included in this study. Along with the ABG analysis, a simultaneous assessment of SpO2 was done with a single PPO and SPO and all values were noted. Statistical analysis was done using the SPSS v.21.0 for Windows.Results: The study included 300 patients. We compared the O2 saturations of ABG, SPO, and PPO with respect to sex, different age groups, and at different levels of ABG pCO2, HCO3, and pH in all patients. All parameters were compared using the Pearson’s correlation test; the results showed that ABG O2 saturations were closer to the SPO than the PPO but the differences were not statistically significant as the Pearson’s correlation values for all parameters were &gt;0.8. We also compared the parameters by Bland Altman Plot and all observations were outside 95% CI (confidence interval), which means that there was a good agreement between O2 saturations by all three methods, that is, ABG, SPO, and PPO; however, ABG O2 saturations were closer to SPO than PPO but this difference was not statistically significant. Hence, we conclude that the PPO is a useful tool for reliable monitoring of O2 saturations.Conclusion: This study highlights that inexpensive and noninvasive PPO can be used as a standard monitoring device with reliability in critically ill patients presenting to EMDs, ICUs, and small hospitals/clinics, quarantine centers, and even at home