Pertumbuhan Tanaman Pulai Darat (Alstonia Angustiloba Miq.) Dari Empat Populasi Pada Umur Satu Tahun Di Wonogiri, Jawa Tengah

This experiment aims to identify the effects of population sources and parent trees on the growth of Alstonia angustiloba of one year old. This experiment was arranged in randomized complete block design. The research used two factors, i.e. population sources (Carita-Banten, Pendopo-Muara Enim, Lubuk Linggau-Musi Rawas and Solok-West Sumatera), and parent trees (43 parent trees). In this experiment, parent trees factor was nested in the population sources. The result showed that population sources and parent trees significantly affected the parameters measured, i.e. height and stem diameter. Pendopo and Carita were the best two populations in terms of height (1,612 m and 1,597 m, respectively) and stem diameter (2,567 cm and 2,686 cm, respectively). The best ten parent trees for height were parent trees number 13 (1.884 m), 16 (1.808 m), 17 (1.773 m), 8 (1.688 m), 6 (1.684 m), 15 (1.682 m), 20 (1.677 m), 36 (1.652 m), 18 (1.652 m) and 14 (1.630 m). The best ten of parent trees for stem diameter were parent trees number 16 (3.171 cm), 7 (3.116 cm), 13 (3.105 cm), 8 (3.027 cm), 36 (3.022 cm), 27 (2.974 cm), 15 (2.925 cm), 30 (2.787 cm), 6 (2.766 cm) and 18 (2.757 cm)

Development of Tape Measure Model’s and Body Weight Estimation Formula Based on Chest Size on Horse

This study aims to test the reliability or accuracy of various types of tape measure and develop models measuring tape and body weight estimation formula based on the size of the heart girth at horse. This research was conducted in Humbang Hasundutan district, North Tapanuli district, Karo district, and Samosir district in May-July 2017. The tape measure used is the measuring tape Agrotech, Animeter and Rondo, then use a formula Schoorl and Smith as a comparison, and using a simple correlation analysis in testing research data. Estimating body weight in the horse that is closest to using a measuring tape based on the regression formula that has been obtained from this study. The result showed that the estimation of body weight for horse using measuring tape Agrotech, Animeter and Rondo obtained deviation 13,22% for male horse and 9,21% for female horse. It is concluded that estimation weight closest to horse is using a regression formula, that for male horse Y = -665,72+6,14X with deviation 0,43% and for female horse Y = -707,97+6,34X with deviation 0,28%

Back calculation Anti Windup PID controller on Several Well-Known Tuning Method for Glycerin Bleaching Process Temperature Regulation

The aim of this paper is to comprehend the performance of back calculation anti windup scheme with difference tracking time constant, Ta on Proportional – Integral - Derivative (PID) controller for improving temperature regulation of glycerin bleaching process.  Several available well tuning methods including Ziegler Nichols (ZN), Internal Model Control (IMC) and Integral Square Error (ISE)-Load are used and analyzed. The performance of the controller tuning methods are  compared based on percentage of overshoot, settling time, rise time and time to recovery on the presence of disturbance. From the results, the best performance of temperature regulation for glycerin bleaching process can be reached by using ISE-Load tuning with tracking time constant, Ta equal to derivative time constant, Td.&nbsp

Partially Synthesised Dataset to Improve Prediction Accuracy (Case Study: Prediction of Heart Diseases)

The real world data sources, such as statistical agencies, library data-banks and research institutes are the major data sources for researchers. Using this type of data involves several advantages including, the improvement of credibility and validity of the experiment and more importantly, it is related to a real world problems and typically unbiased. However, this type of data is most likely unavailable or inaccessible for everyone due to the following reasons. First, privacy and confidentiality concerns, since the data must to be protected on legal and ethical basis. Second, collecting real world data is costly and time consuming. Third, the data may be unavailable, particularly in the newly arises research subjects. Therefore, many studies have attributed the use of fully and/or partially synthesised data instead of real world data due to simplicity of creation, requires a relatively small amount of time and sufficient quantity can be generated to fit the requirements. In this context, this study introduces the use of partially synthesised data to improve the prediction of heart diseases from risk factors. We are proposing the generation of partially synthetic data from agreed principles using rule-based method, in which an extra risk factor will be added to the real-world data. In the conducted experiment, more than 85% of the data was derived from observed values (i.e., real-world data), while the remaining data has been synthetically generated using a rule-based method and in accordance with the World Health Organisation criteria. The analysis revealed an improvement of the variance in the data using the first two principal components of partially synthesised data. A further evaluation has been con-ducted using five popular supervised machine-learning classifiers. In which, partially synthesised data considerably improves the prediction of heart diseases. Where the majority of classifiers have approximately doubled their predictive performance using an extra risk factor

Revisiting the anatomy of the cephalic vein, its origin, course and possible clinical correlations in relation to the anatomical snuffbox among Jordanian

Background: The cephalic vein is one of the most distinguished superficial veins of the upper limb. Its clinical value lies in venous access. There is little known about the variation of its formation in relation to the anatomical snuffbox. Hence, anatomical variants in the origin of the cephalic vein are important in clinical practice. Subsequently, this study was designed to examine the variation of the cephalic vein formation in relation to the anatomical snuffbox. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study of 438 subjects (722 hands), was prepared to study the cephalic vein among Jordanian students and staff of one of the major governmental Medical College in Jordan, by using infrared illumination system. The obtained data was analysed according to; gender, sidedness, and handedness. Results: Four sites for the formation of the cephalic vein in relation to the anatomical snuffbox were found. There was a significant relation between gender and sidedness, and the sites of formation of the cephalic vein (p < 0.0001 and p = 0.048, respectively). Conclusions: For the first time this study identified different sites for the formation of the cephalic vein in relation to the anatomical snuffbox. However, regardless of its sites of formation, the cephalic vein was running in 98% of the examined hands in the anatomical snuffbox

The effect of fibre treatment on water absorption and mechanical properties of buri palm (Corypha utan) fibre reinforced epoxy composites

Over the past century, there has been a dramatic increase in natural fibre composites in which natural fibre has served as reinforcement in polymer. However, the existence of moisture and defects in natural fibres has impacted the mechanical and physical properties of natural fibre polymer composites. The main objective of this study is to fabricate the buri palm fibre reinforced epoxy composite and evaluate the effects of fibre treatment on water absorption and tensile properties. The buri palm fibre were treated by using 5 wt.% NaOH for 24 h and the laminated composite of untreated and treated four-layer and five layer fibres were fabricated via hand lay-up process. The tensile specimens are prepared according to the ASTM D638 standard and the water absorption experiment was conducted by immersing the specimen in distilled water at room temperature until it reached the saturated moisture absorption. The results revealed that the percentage of moisture uptake was reduced to 69% and 95% in treated four-layer and five�layer sequences. It is observed that the thickness swelling of the composite increased with the increase of sequence layering, while the thickness swelling decreased with treated fibre. Alkali treatment affected the properties of buri palm fibre which improved the interfacial bonding between the fibre and epoxy matrix for better tensile properties and reduced water absorption. Finally, morphology examinations were carried out to analyse the fracture behaviour and fibre failure on the tensile test specimen by using microscope analysis

Effect of surface modification on mechanical properties of buri palm (corypha utan) fibre composite reinforcement

Natural fibre materials are replacing synthetic fibre materials since they are considered as a low-cost, lightweight, and biodegradability engineering materials with a good specific strength. However, the effects of some process and geometrical parameters (such as fibre type, size, and concentration, and chemical modification) on the strength of the final natural composite product are not well documented. The purpose of the research is to analyse the physical and mechanical properties of single-strand buri palm fibre under different conditions and surface modification. The buri palm fibre was treated using 5 wt.% and 10 wt.% sodium hydroxide (NaOH) with a duration of 1 and 24 h immersion throughout the whole process. For a single-strand test, the samples were carefully extracted from the corresponding woven fibre by hand. While the woven buri palm fibre composite was fabricated by employing 4 and 5-layering sequences in the hand lay�up technique followed by the compression method. The buri palm fibre showed that a higher concentration of NaOH solution and immersion period led to a lower density. The effectiveness of the alkali treatment in the removal of cellulose and hemicellulose from the fibre strands was verified by chemical composition in FTIR investigation. The highest tensile strength of 159.16 MPa was indicated from the result of single-strand treated with 5 wt.% NaOH for 24 h immersion. This treatment was found as the most appropriate treatment and is employed to fabricate both 4-layer and 5-layer stacking sequence composite. The 5-layer treated composite gives the highest tensile strength and flexural strength of 33.51 MPa and 56.72 MPa, respectively. In conclusion, the mechanical properties increased with the addition of each sequence layering treated fibres in the composite. The obtained results indicate that the utilisation of buri palm fibre as a reinforcement in the epoxy composite can be used in the lightweight and moderate load applications, such as the interior parts in the automotive industry