Main problem of civilization sustainable ecological and economic development – energy security

Розглянуто сучасні уявлення про господарську діяльність, пов'язану з енергоспоживанням і енергоефективністю в різних природних умовах. Надано рекомендації щодо сталого еколого-економічного розвитку суспільства з урахуванням енергетичної складової.Examined modern conceptions of economic activity associated with energy consumption and energy efficiency in different environmental conditions. Given recommendations on society sustainable ecological and economic development subject to energy component.Рассмотрены современные представления о хозяйственной деятельности, связанной с энергопотреблением и энергоэффективностью в различных природных условиях. Даны рекомендации по устойчивому эколого-экономическому развитию общества с учетом энергетической составляющей

МОЖЛИВОСТІ ОЦІНКИ ЕФЕКТИВНОСТІ РЕГІОНАЛЬНОГО БРЕНДИНГУ

The possibilities of evaluation of regional branding are analyzed. On the basis of analysis of scientific publications in the field of regional branding efficiency, it has been proved that this topic attracts high scientific interest. At the same time, methods of evaluation of the territorial branding effectiveness are reduced mainly to expert assessments of the brand (not branding) or related indicators and concepts. At the same time, the methodical principles of branding assessment, and even more of its effectiveness, are not actually offered. Considering such inconsistencies, we use an example of the Rivne region to demonstrate the importance of taking into account the effectiveness of the actions on regional center branding. Finally, methodical principles for assessing the effectiveness of the region’s branding on the basis of expert assessments are developed.Проанализированы возможности оценки регионального брендинга. На основе анализа научных публикаций по тематике эффективности брендинга региона доказано, что указанная тематика вызывает высокий научный интерес. В то же время, методики оценки эффективности брендинга территорий сводятся преимущественно к экспертным оценкам собственно бренда или касающихся него понятий. При этом методические основы оценки брендинга, а тем более его эффективности, фактически не предлагаются. В связи с этим на примере Ровенской области продемонстрирована важность учета в оценках эффективности регионального брендинга действий по брендингу областного центра, а также развиты методические основы оценки эффективности брендинга области на основе экспертных оценок.Проаналізовано можливості оцінювання регіонального брендингу. На основі аналізу наукових публікацій за тематикою ефективності брендингу регіону доведено, що зазначена тематика викликає високий науковий інтерес. Водночас, методики оцінювання ефективності брендингу територій зводяться переважно до експертних оцінок власне бренду чи дотичних до нього понять. При цьому методичні засади оцінки брендингу, а тим більше його ефективності,фактично не пропонуються. У зв’язку з цим на прикладі Рівненської області продемонстровано важливість врахування в оцінках ефективності регіонального брендингу дій щодо брендингу обласного центру, а також розвинено методичні засади оцінювання ефективності брендингу області на основі експертних оцінок

A connection between inclusive semileptonic decays of bound and free heavy quarks

A relativistic constituent quark model, formulated on the light-front, is used to derive a new parton approximation for the inclusive semileptonic decay width of the B-meson. A simple connection between the decay rate of a free heavy-quark and the one of a heavy-quark bound in a meson or in a baryon is established. The main features of the new approach are the treatment of the b-quark as an on-mass-shell particle and the inclusion of the effects arising from the b-quark transverse motion in the B-meson. In a way conceptually similar to the deep-inelastic scattering case, the B-meson inclusive width is expressed as the integral of the free b-quark partial width multiplied by a bound-state factor related to the b-quark distribution function in the B-meson. The non-perturbative meson structure is described through various quark-model wave functions, constructed via the Hamiltonian light-front formalism using as input both relativized and non-relativistic potential models. A link between spectroscopic quark models and the B-meson decay physics is obtained in this way. Our predictions for the B -> X_c l nu_l and B -> X_u l nu_l decays are used to extract the CKM parameters |V_cb| and |V_ub| from available inclusive data. After averaging over the various quark models adopted and including leading-order perturbative QCD corrections, we obtain |V_cb| = (43.0 +/- 0.7_exp +/- 1.8_th) 10^-3 and |V_ub| = (3.83 +/- 0.48_exp +/- 0.14_th) 10^-3, implying |V_ub / V_cb| = 0.089 +/- 0.011_exp +/- 0.005_th, in nice agreement with existing predictions.Comment: revised version with pQCD corrections included, to appear in Physical Review

The role of occupational safety management at enterprises and the factors contributing to its unsatisfactory condition

The relevance of the researched problem lies in the fact that today industrial injuries and accidents at workplace are a fairly common problem. Since lives and health of employees, as well as production process efficiency, depend on ensuring workplace safety, occupational safety management becomes an important and integral component of industrial health and safety. The management of enterprises should be guided by the principle of life and health of employees being the most important value. There are certain methods of occupational safety management, such as economic, organisational, administrative-legal and social-psychological, which enable to create safe conditions at workplace. With their help, safe working conditions can be significantly improved and therefore efficiency of production process can be increased. In this regard, this article is aimed at defining the concept of occupational safety as an essential element of industrial health and safety. It also taps into the main components that make up an integrated occupational safety system and methods of occupational safety management, which must be taken into account by the management of an enterprise, institution, organisation and the government, the latter also controlling implementation of legislative regulations at workplace, as the economic situation in the country depends to a large extent on the level of production processes functionality. In addition, analysis of existing international standards in the labour protection field has been carried out, their features and scope of application have been considered. On the basis of the revealed data, specific recommendations have been developed, namely, advancement of prosocial behavior, technical upgrade, conduct of briefings and trainings aimed at increasing occupational safety. The research was carried out on the basis of general scientific and special methods of cognition, such as analogy, factor analysis, comparison, structural analysis, expert assessments and opinions, analysis of the causes of industrial injuries and various industrial diseases. The authors investigated the evolution of management and administration in labor protection and industrial safety, their interconnection and interdependence. The result of this scientific work is an understanding of the importance of compliance with safety rules at workplaces, of negative consequences that may arise from non-compliance with legislative regulations and international standards developed by the international community regarding occupational safety. A variety of management methods that can be used during set up of production process, as well as development of recommendations that will help to improve the current situation in labour safety, ensuring protection of labour rights, freedoms and legitimate interests of employees, enacted in most countries by Constitution, have been discussed. Having analysed the fact that currently the state of guaranteeing safe working conditions for employees is in a critical situation, industrial injuries and accidents at enterprises have become widespread. We can come to a conclusion that it is necessary to legislate this situation, to strengthen the legal responsibility of management and employees for non-compliance with safety rules during production proces

Comparison among Hamiltonian light-front formalisms at q+ = 0 and q+ <> 0: space-like elastic form factors of pseudoscalar and vector mesons

The electromagnetic elastic form factors of pseudoscalar and vector mesons are analyzed for space-like momentum transfers in terms of relativistic quark models based on the Hamiltonian light-front formalism elaborated in different reference frames (q+ 0 and q+ 0). As far as the one-body approximation for the electromagnetic current operator is concerned, it is shown that the predictions of the light-front approach at q+=0 should be preferred, particularly in case of light hadrons, because of: i) the relevant role played by the Z-graph at q+ 0, and ii) the appropriate elimination of spurious effects, related to the orientation of the null hyperplane where the light-front wave function is defined.Comment: version to appear in Phys. Rev. C. No change in the results and in the conclusion

A consistent treatment for pion form factors in space-like and time-like regions

We write down some relevant matrix elements for the scattering and decay processes of the pion by considering a quark-meson vertex function. The pion charge and transition form factors $F_\pi$, $F_{\pi\gamma}$, and $F_{\pi\gamma^*}$ are extracted from these matrix elements using a relativistic quark model on the light-front. We found that, the form factors $F_\pi$ and $F_{\pi\gamma}$ in the space-like region agree well with experiment. Furthermore, the branching ratios of all observed decay modes of the neutral pion, that are related to the form factors $F_{\pi\gamma}$ and $F_{\pi\gamma^*}$ in the time-like region, are all consistent with the data as well. Additionally, $F_\pi$ in the time-like region, which deals with the nonvalence contribution, is also discussed.Comment: 24 pages, 6 figures, to appear in Phys. Rev.

Covariant Light-Front Approach for s-wave and p-wave Mesons: Its Application to Decay Constants and Form Factors

We study the decay constants and form factors of the ground-state s-wave and low-lying p-wave mesons within a covariant light-front approach. Numerical results of the form factors for transitions between a heavy pseudoscalar meson and an s-wave or p-wave meson and their momentum dependence are presented in detail. In particular, form factors for heavy-to-light and B to D** transitions, where D** denotes generically a p-wave charmed meson, are compared with other model calculations. The experimental measurements of the decays B^- to D** pi^- and B to D D**_s are employed to test the decay constants of D**_s and the B to D** transition form factors. The heavy quark limit behavior of the decay constants and form factors is examined and it is found that the requirement of heavy quark symmetry is satisfied. The universal Isgur-Wise (IW) functions, one for s-wave to s-wave and two for s-wave to p-wave transitions, are obtained. The values of IW functions at zero recoil and their slope parameters can be used to test the Bjorken and Uraltsev sum rules.Comment: 59 pages, 6 figures. Version to appear in Phys. Rev. D. Changes are: (i) D_s to phi transition form factors are discussed and compared with the recent FOCUS measurements and (ii) zero mode effects are clarifie

Electromagnetic form factors in the light-front formalism and the Feynman triangle diagram: spin-0 and spin-1 two-fermion systems

The connection between the Feynman triangle diagram and the light-front formalism for spin-0 and spin-1 two-fermion systems is analyzed. It is shown that in the limit q+ = 0 the form factors for both spin-0 and spin-1 systems can be uniquely determined using only the good amplitudes, which are not affected by spurious effects related to the loss of rotational covariance present in the light-front formalism. At the same time, the unique feature of the suppression of the pair creation process is maintained. Therefore, a physically meaningful one-body approximation, in which all the constituents are on their mass-shells, can be consistently formulated in the limit q+ = 0. Moreover, it is shown that the effects of the contact term arising from the instantaneous propagation of the active constituent can be canceled out from the triangle diagram by means of an appropriate choice of the off-shell behavior of the bound state vertexes; this implies that in case of good amplitudes the Feynman triangle diagram and the one-body light-front result match exactly. The application of our covariant light-front approach to the evaluation of the rho-meson elastic form factors is presented.Comment: corrected typos in the reference

Head Position in Stroke Trial (HeadPoST)- sitting-up vs lying-flat positioning of patients with acute stroke: study protocol for a cluster randomised controlled trial

Background Positioning a patient lying-flat in the acute phase of ischaemic stroke may improve recovery and reduce disability, but such a possibility has not been formally tested in a randomised trial. We therefore initiated the Head Position in Stroke Trial (HeadPoST) to determine the effects of lying-flat (0°) compared with sitting-up (≥30°) head positioning in the first 24 hours of hospital admission for patients with acute stroke. Methods/Design We plan to conduct an international, cluster randomised, crossover, open, blinded outcome-assessed clinical trial involving 140 study hospitals (clusters) with established acute stroke care programs. Each hospital will be randomly assigned to sequential policies of lying-flat (0°) or sitting-up (≥30°) head position as a ‘business as usual’ stroke care policy during the first 24 hours of admittance. Each hospital is required to recruit 60 consecutive patients with acute ischaemic stroke (AIS), and all patients with acute intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) (an estimated average of 10), in the first randomised head position policy before crossing over to the second head position policy with a similar recruitment target. After collection of in-hospital clinical and management data and 7-day outcomes, central trained blinded assessors will conduct a telephone disability assessment with the modified Rankin Scale at 90 days. The primary outcome for analysis is a shift (defined as improvement) in death or disability on this scale. For a cluster size of 60 patients with AIS per intervention and with various assumptions including an intracluster correlation coefficient of 0.03, a sample size of 16,800 patients at 140 centres will provide 90 % power (α 0.05) to detect at least a 16 % relative improvement (shift) in an ordinal logistic regression analysis of the primary outcome. The treatment effect will also be assessed in all patients with ICH who are recruited during each treatment study period. Discussion HeadPoST is a large international clinical trial in which we will rigorously evaluate the effects of different head positioning in patients with acute stroke. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02162017 (date of registration: 27 April 2014); ANZCTR identifier: ACTRN12614000483651 (date of registration: 9 May 2014). Protocol version and date: version 2.2, 19 June 2014