Presenteeism in hospital nurses

This quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional research aimed to determine the estimated productivity of health-related limitations at work in 129 nurses working in direct care delivery to critical and potentially critical patients. Instruments were applied for socio-demographic and functional characterization and for the evaluation of presenteeism (Work Limitations Questionnaire). Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software was used for data analysis. In this study, 75% of nurses obtained a lost productivity index of up to 4.84%. The physical demand domain represented the major limitation for these professionals (25%). Presenteeism was directly correlated to health care, occurrence and number of absences, and indirectly related to work time at the unit. It was concluded that organizational or individual factors influence individuals' productivity, in view of the circumstances involving care delivery to critical and potentially critical patients.Estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo y transversal con el objetivo de determinar la productividad supuesta de las limitaciones en el trabajo relacionadas con la salud de 129 enfermeros que asisten a pacientes críticos y potencialmente críticos. Se utilizó un instrumento para la caracterización sociodemográfica y funcional y para la evaluación de la presencia. Se realizó un análisis estadístico de los datos con el software Statistical Package for the Social Sciences. En este estudio, 75 % de los enfermeros obtuvieron un índice de productividad perdida de hasta 4,84%. La demanda física fue el dominio que presentó mayor limitación (25%). La presencia se relacionó directamente a: realización de tratamiento de salud, ocurrencia y número de faltas, e indirectamente al tiempo en la unidad. Se concluye que existe influencia de factores organizacionales o individuales en la productividad del individuo frente a las circunstancias que involucran la asistencia al paciente crítico y potencialmente crítico.Este é um estudo quantitativo, descritivo e transversal com o objetivo de determinar a produtividade estimada das limitações no trabalho, relacionadas à saúde, em 129 enfermeiros atuantes na assistência direta a pacientes críticos e potencialmente críticos. Utilizou-se instrumento para caracterização sociodemográfica e funcional e para a avaliação do presenteísmo (questionário de limitações no trabalho). Procedeu-se à análise estatística dos dados com o software Statistical Package for the Social Sciences. Neste estudo, 75% dos enfermeiros obtiveram índice de produtividade perdida de até 4,84%. A demanda física foi o domínio que representou maior limitação para esses profissionais (25%). O presenteísmo correlacionou-se diretamente à realização de tratamento de saúde, ocorrência e número de faltas, e indiretamente ao tempo de trabalho na unidade. Conclui-se que existe influência de fatores organizacionais ou individuais na produtividade do indivíduo, frente às circunstâncias que envolvem a assistência ao paciente crítico e potencialmente crítico

Atmospheric measurements of gas-phase HNO₃ and SO₂ using chemical ionization mass spectrometry during the MINATROC field campaign 2000 on Monte Cimone

The EU-project MINATROC (MINeral dust And TROpospheric Chemistry) aims at enabling an estimation of the influence of mineral dust, a major, but to date largely ignored component of tropospheric aerosol, on tropospheric oxidant cycles. Within the scope of this project continuous atmospheric measurements of gas-phase HNO3 and SO2 were conducted in June and July 2000 at the CNR WMO station, situated on Monte Cimone (MTC) (44°11' N --10°42' E, 2165 m asl), Italy. African air transporting dust is occasionally advected over the Mediterranean Sea to the site, thus mineral aerosol emitted from Africa will encounter polluted air masses and provide ideal conditions to study their interactions. HNO3 and SO2 were measured with an improved CIMS (chemical ionization mass spectrometry) system for ground-based measurements that was developed and built at MPI-K Heidelberg. Since HNO3 is a very sticky compound special care was paid for the air-sampling and background-measurement system. Complete data sets could be obtained before, during and after major dust intrusions. For the first time these measurements might provide a strong observational indication of efficient uptake of gas-phase HNO3 by atmospheric mineral-dust aerosol particles

Atmospheric measurements of gas-phase HNO₃ and SO₂ using chemical ionization mass spectrometry during the MINATROC field campaign 2000 on Monte Cimone

The EU-project MINATROC (MINeral dust And TROpospheric Chemistry) aims at enabling an estimation of the influence of mineral dust, a major, but to date largely ignored component of tropospheric aerosol, on tropospheric oxidant cycles. Within the scope of this project continuous atmospheric measurements of gas-phase HNO₃ and SO₂ were conducted in June and July 2000 at the CNR WMO station, situated on Monte Cimone (MTC) (44°11' N --10°42' E, 2165 m asl), Italy. African air transporting dust is occasionally advected over the Mediterranean Sea to the site, thus mineral aerosol emitted from Africa will encounter polluted air masses and provide ideal conditions to study their interactions. HNO₃ and SO₂ were measured with an improved CIMS (chemical ionization mass spectrometry) system for ground-based measurements that was developed and built at MPI-K Heidelberg. Since HNO_3  is a very sticky compound special care was paid for the air-sampling and background-measurement system. Complete data sets could be obtained before, during and after major dust intrusions. For the first time these measurements might provide a strong observational indication of efficient uptake of gas-phase HNO₃ by atmospheric mineral-dust aerosol particles

Atmospheric measurements of gas-phase HNO3 and SO2 using chemical ionization mass spectrometry during the MINATROC field campaign 2000 on Monte Cimone

The EU-project MINATROC (MINeral dust And TROpospheric Chemistry) aims at enabling an estimation of the influence of mineral dust, a major, but to date largely ignored component of tropospheric aerosol, on tropospheric oxidant cycles. Within the scope of this project continuous atmospheric measurements of gas-phase HNO3 and SO2 were conducted in June and July 2000 at the CNR WMO station, situated on Monte Cimone (MTC) (44°11' N --10°42' E, 2165 m asl), Italy. African air transporting dust is occasionally advected over the Mediterranean Sea to the site, thus mineral aerosol emitted from Africa will encounter polluted air masses and provide ideal conditions to study their interactions. HNO3 and SO2 were measured with an improved CIMS (chemical ionization mass spectrometry) system for ground-based measurements that was developed and built at MPI-K Heidelberg. Since HNO3 is a very sticky compound special care was paid for the air-sampling and background-measurement system. Complete data sets could be obtained before, during and after major dust intrusions. For the first time these measurements might provide a strong observational indication of efficient uptake of gas-phase HNO3 by atmospheric mineral-dust aerosol particles

The Interaction of Mineral Dust with Gas-Phase HMO3 and SO2 during the MINATROC II Field Campaign: First Estimate of the Uptake Coefficient yHNO3 from Atmospheric Data

Within the second part of the MINATROC project (MINeral dust And TROpospheric Chemistry) we investigated the interaction of mineral dust with gaseous HNO3 and SO2. The measurements were performed at Izana, Tenerife, 2367 m asl) using the highly sensitive Chemical Ionization Mass Spectrometry technique. During six periods of high atmospheric dust load, the HNO3 concentration decreased with increasing dust concentrations. From the HNO3 decrease, the uptake coefficient for HNO3 was calculated and found to vary between 0.017 and 0.054. Moreover, during the dust events a significant decrease of ozone (O3) was detected. We conclude that this decrease is only due to the HNO3 depletion and that no significant uptake of O3 on dust occurred. A general interaction between SO2 and mineral dust were detected.JRC.H.2-Climate chang

Interaction of mineral dust with gas phase nitric acid and sulfur dioxide during the MINATROC II field campaign: First estimate of the uptake coefficient γHNO3 from atmospheric data

Mineral dust, one of the most abundant aerosols by mass in the atmosphere, may have a lasting but to date almost unexplored effect on the trace gases nitric acid (HNO3) and sulfur dioxide (SO2). These gases have an important influence on, for example, the tropospheric ozone cycle, aerosol formation or acid rain. Within the second part of the MINATROC project (Mineral Dust and Tropospheric Chemistry) we investigated the interaction of mineral dust with gaseous HNO3 and SO2. The measurements were performed on a high mountain plateau (Izaña, Tenerife, 2367 m asl) using the highly sensitive CIMS (Chemical Ionization Mass Spectrometry) technique. During five periods of medium and one period of high atmospheric dust load, the HNO3 concentration decreased with increasing dust concentrations, and in all cases the HNO3 detection limit was reached. From the HNO3 decrease the uptake coefficient γHNO3 was calculated for the first time on the basis of in situ measurements. For the observed events, γHNO3 varied between 0.017 and 0.054. Moreover, during the dust events a significant decrease of ozone (O3) of the order of 30% was detected. The measurements and the analyses made in this paper show that the direct uptake of O3 on dust is a minor pathway for O3 depletion compared to the indirect effect, i.e., HNO3 depletion on dust which takes away a source of the O3 precursors nitrogen oxides. In contrast, a general interaction between SO2 and mineral dust was not observed. Positive as well as negative and no correlations between SO2 and mineral dust were detected.JRC.H.2-Climate chang