Alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma in children with histomorphological review

Rhabdomyosarcomas (RMS) are aggressive malignant neoplasm of mesenchymal origin, related to skeletal muscle lineage. These are the most common soft tissue tumors in children. The diagnosis is made by microscopic analysis and ancillary techniques like immunohistochemistry, electron microscopy, cytogenetics and molecular biology. We encountered a case of a 03 years old child who presented with a tender, reddish, soft swelling over cheek for three weeks. The FNAC was reported as a small round cell tumor, Probably Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor (PNET). The biopsy of tumor revealed a small round cell tumor with an alveolar pattern. Tumor giant cells were absent and mitotic figures were infrequent. Hence, differentials of alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma and PNET were rendered. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) demonstrated desmin positivity. Thus, a final diagnosis of alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma was offered

Manipulating textures of rotating superfluid 3 He- A phase in a single narrow cylinder

We investigated order parameter textures of the rotating superfluid 3 He-A phase in a single narrow cylinder with a diameter of about 10 times the dipole coherence length by the cw-NMR method. It is theoretically proposed that in such a narrow cylinder, a few special textures will appear due to the confinement in a cylindrical geometry. We observed three types of NMR spectra in the A phase. The NMR spectra of the textures were identified by a comparison with the spin waves excited in the NMR potential using their numerically calculated resonance frequencies and relative intensities. We have established a method to selectively generate each one of the textures by controlling the conditions when the A phase was formed, such as the applied magnetic field, rotation angular velocity, and temperature

Development of cost-effective protocol for preparation of dehydrated paneer (Indian cottage cheese) using freeze drying

[EN] Nowadays, there is high consumer demand in the market for simple to prepare, convenient, healthy and natural foods. Paneer or Indian cottage cheese is an acid and heat coagulated milk product which serves as a rich source of animal proteins for the vegetarians. Due to high moisture content (58-60 %), it is highly perishable in nature. Drying of paneer would undoubtedly extend the shelf life of paneer and also help in value-addition of paneer. Dehydrated paneer would find numerous ways to be use. Drying of paneer by conventional methods poses threats including case-hardening and non-uniform incomplete drying, poor rehydration characteristics, longer drying time, yellow discoloration and oiling off during drying. Freeze drying remains the best in retaining the quality of dried food products. Though it is highly expensive due to high processing and operation costs. The present study focuses on developing cost-effective protocol for freeze-drying of paneer. Efforts have been made by use of pre-treatments prior subjecting to freeze drying. The dehydrated product would be shelf-stable and can be rehydrated to its original state having flavor and texture comparable to the fresh form. Moreover, the final product after rehydration would be more fresh and softer than its frozen counterparts. The developed product would be easily kept well for few years at room temperature without any addition of preservatives.Sharma, S.; Nema, PH.; Emanuel, N.; Singha, S. (2018). Development of cost-effective protocol for preparation of dehydrated paneer (Indian cottage cheese) using freeze drying. En IDS 2018. 21st International Drying Symposium Proceedings. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. 1727-1734. https://doi.org/10.4995/IDS2018.2018.7720OCS1727173

Genotyping of HLA-class-I and II by PCR-SSP of Patients with Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis

Background: Recurrent aphthous stomatitis is a common condition characterised by recurrent episodes of oral ulceration. Genetic factors have been implicated by numerous studies on the association of recurrent aphthous stomatitis and the genetically determined HLA subtypes. Objectives: Current study was established to shed light on the possible association of HLA class I and II alleles with recurrent aphthous stomatitis in Iraqi patients. Subjects and Methods: The study included 55 subjects: 30 recurrent aphthous stomatitis patients and 25 apparently healthy subjects as control. Polymerase chain reaction-specific sequence primers (PCR- SSP) assay was conducted to assess HLA- typing. Results: The present study showed a significant association of HLA-Cw*12:02:01-and HLADQB1* 02:01:01- alleles with recurrent aphthous stomatitis as compared with healthy control (P= 0.041and P=0.028 respectively). Another interesting finding in this study was the significant low frequency of HLA-DQB1*05:01:01- allele in patients when compared with healthy control (P=0.036). Conclusion: These findings demonstrated that HLA-Cw*12:02:01- and HLA-DQB1*02:01:01-alleles may play a role in the etiology of the disease. Whereas HLA-DQB1*05:01:01-05 may confer protective effects against recurrent aphthous stomatitis

Large-Area Electrodeposition of Few-Layer MoS2 on Graphene for 2D Material Heterostructures

Heterostructures involving two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenides and other materials such as graphene have a strong potential to be the fundamental building block of many electronic and opto-electronic applications. The integration and scalable fabrication of such heterostructures is of essence in unleashing the potential of these materials in new technologies. For the first time, we demonstrate the growth of few-layer MoS2 films on graphene via non-aqueous electrodeposition. Through methods such as scanning and transmission electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, energy and wavelength dispersive X-ray spectroscopies and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, we show that this deposition method can produce large-area MoS2 films with high quality and uniformity over graphene. We reveal the potential of these heterostructures by measuring the photo-induced current through the film. These results pave the way towards developing the electrodeposition method for the large-scale growth of heterostructures consisting of varying 2D materials for many applications.Comment: 11 pages and 6 figure

Tear fluid biomarkers in ocular and systemic disease: potential use for predictive, preventive and personalised medicine

In the field of predictive, preventive and personalised medicine, researchers are keen to identify novel and reliable ways to predict and diagnose disease, as well as to monitor patient response to therapeutic agents. In the last decade alone, the sensitivity of profiling technologies has undergone huge improvements in detection sensitivity, thus allowing quantification of minute samples, for example body fluids that were previously difficult to assay. As a consequence, there has been a huge increase in tear fluid investigation, predominantly in the field of ocular surface disease. As tears are a more accessible and less complex body fluid (than serum or plasma) and sampling is much less invasive, research is starting to focus on how disease processes affect the proteomic, lipidomic and metabolomic composition of the tear film. By determining compositional changes to tear profiles, crucial pathways in disease progression may be identified, allowing for more predictive and personalised therapy of the individual. This article will provide an overview of the various putative tear fluid biomarkers that have been identified to date, ranging from ocular surface disease and retinopathies to cancer and multiple sclerosis. Putative tear fluid biomarkers of ocular disorders, as well as the more recent field of systemic disease biomarkers, will be shown

The impact of signal-to-noise ratio, diffusion-weighted directions and image resolution in cardiac diffusion tensor imaging - insights from the ex-vivo rat heart

Background: Cardiac diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is limited by scan time and signal-to-noise (SNR) restrictions. This invariably leads to a trade-off between the number of averages, diffusion-weighted directions (ND), and image resolution. Systematic evaluation of these parameters is therefore important for adoption of cardiac DTI in clinical routine where time is a key constraint. Methods: High quality reference DTI data were acquired in five ex-vivo rat hearts. We then retrospectively set 2 ≤ SNR ≤ 97, 7 ≤ ND ≤ 61, varied the voxel volume by up to 192-fold and investigated the impact on the accuracy and precision of commonly derived parameters. Results: For maximal scan efficiency, the accuracy and precision of the mean diffusivity is optimised when SNR is maximised at the expense of ND. With typical parameter settings used clinically, we estimate that fractional anisotropy may be overestimated by up to 13% with an uncertainty of ±30%, while the precision of the sheetlet angles may be as poor as ±31°. Although the helix angle has better precision of ±14°, the transmural range of helix angles may be under-estimated by up to 30° in apical and basal slices, due to partial volume and tapering myocardial geometry. Conclusions: These findings inform a baseline of understanding upon which further issues inherent to in-vivo cardiac DTI, such as motion, strain and perfusion, can be considered. Furthermore, the reported bias and reproducibility provides a context in which to assess cardiac DTI biomarkers